Jersey College MedSurg 1 RN FINAL EXAM|[Latest 2026/2027 Update] Questions & Answers | Grade A | 100% Correct
weight, smoking, sex practices, diet ✔️List four modifiable risk factors. (general health promotion)
age, genetics, sex ✔️List three non-modifiable risk factors. (general health promotion)
cultural assessment ✔️What type of assessment should the nurse preform prior to initiating health teaching?
physiological integrity
safety and security
belongingness and affection
esteem and self-respect
self-actualization
-- physiologic needs and life threatening issues are a priority
-- confirm that these needs are met in the order listed above ✔️Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
--priorities?
--what order?
Healthy People 2020 ✔️Organization that identifies health promotion and disease prevention goals and lists strategies along with resources in
an attempt to improve the nation's health
The Institute of Medicine's report on the Future of Nursing ✔️Organization that recommends ways to strengthen the practice of nursing in order
to improve health care.
The National Patient Safety Goals ✔️The Joint Commission lists the top patient safety concerns and includes medication safety, infection
prevention, surgery-related mistakes, patient identification and improving staff communication. What is this list called?
Nurse Practice Acts ✔️This governs nursing practice and is a law that is put into place to protect the public - nurses must follow and comply with
their state's regulations
QSEN - Quality and Safety Education for Nurses Institute ✔️Institute that seeks to strengthen the knowledge, skills, and attitudes of nurses in
providing continuous quality improvement in health care
whatever the patient says it is ✔️What is pain?
actual or potential tissue damage ✔️Pain is associated with __________________________________.
the patient's self report ✔️The single most reliable indicator of pain is _______.
blood pressure, heart rate, and respirations ✔️Pain stimulates the sympathetic nervous system and could result in an increase in ___________,
___________, and ____________.
increases glucagon production
decreases insulin secretion
depresses immune function
can lead to addictive behaviors ✔️physiologic effects of unrelieved pain (4)
prostaglandins ✔️initiate inflammation and contribute to tissue swelling and pain
NSAIDS ✔️______ primarily produce pain relief by preventing prostaglandin formation.
Acetaminophen ✔️_____________ does not have anti-inflammatory properties.
tissue damage ✔️______________ stimulates the inflammatory response and puts the patient at risk for pain.
,local anesthetics, non-opioids or opioids ✔️manage nociceptive pain with?
allodynia ✔️pain that is associated with a noxious stimulus
nerve route injury ✔️________________ could lead to allodynia.
timing:
onset - when it started
duration - where it started
frequency - how often/for how long
type - includes intensity, associated factors
influencing factors - what makes it better/worse
intensity - how bad does it hurt
quality - what does it feel like
location - where does it hurt
effects on function/daily activities ✔️What does a comprehensive pain assessment include?
visual analog scale ✔️10cm line that represents no pain to worst pain on each end of the line and the patient places a mark somewhere between
the two ends depending on the severity of pain
numeric rating scale ✔️ranges from 0 to 10 with 0 representing no pain
Wong-Baker FACES Scale (ages 3+) ✔️consists of cartoon faces that the patient selects to report their pain
verbal descriptor scale ✔️uses words to help individuals describe the intensity of their pain
Wong-Baker FACES Scale ✔️should never be used by the provider to match the patient's facial expression
produce a local effect ✔️effect produced by topical analgesics
produces drug absorption into the systemic circulaiton ✔️effect produced by transdermal route of analgesics
provide PCA (patient controlled analgesia) ✔️Provide ____________ to help reduce complications related to pain. Used in postoperative
patients as a preventative measure for pain.
around the clock ✔️Provide administration of analgesics __(frequency)__ for chronic and postoperative pain, never wait for chronic pain to
reoccur.
aspirin or acetaminophen ✔️given for mild to moderate pain
NSAIDS ✔️given for moderate pain
opioid analgesics (Morphine) ✔️given for severe pain
rectal route ✔️Avoid which medication administration route for patients who are thrombocytopenic?
, Acetaminophen ✔️Use of this analgesic could result in hepatoxicity and should not exceed 4,000mg/day.
NSAIDS ✔️analgesic that could result in gastric ulcers or contribute to cardiovascular events such as MI or stroke
NSAIDS ✔️analgesic that could lead to acute renal failure in patients with volume depletion or who take it for chronic pain
prostaglandin ✔️needed for renal blood flow
constipation, nausea, pupil constriction, and respiratory depression ✔️undesirable side effects of opioids
could increase absorption and result in lethal complications ✔️Never apply heat over transdermal patches. Why?
antidepressants or anticonvulsants ✔️adjuvant medications used to manage neuropathic pain
metabolic alkalosis ✔️Vomiting can lead to what acid-base imbalance
metabolic acidosis ✔️Diarrhea can lead to what acid-base imbalance
calcium ✔️Mineral that helps to regulate muscle contraction and relaxation
high in calcium and low in phosphorus ✔️In the setting of hypoparathyroidism, provide a diet that is high in _______ and low in __________.
osmotic pressure ✔️Chloride works with sodium to determine _______________.
hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis ✔️If chloride levels drop, bicarbonate is retained and results in _______________________________.
action potentials
weakness or excitability ✔️Changes in electrolytes impair _________________ resulting in ________ or ____________.
fluid volume deficit (FVD) ✔️Small shifts in intravascular volume in children increases their risk for __________________.
albumin ✔️Proteins like _______ create an oncotic pressure.
oncotic pressure ✔️________________ pulls fluid from the interstitial compartment into the intravascular compartment to maintain volume.
D5W ✔️becomes a hypotonic solution as the cells absorb the dextrose
dextrose ✔️________ should not be given to patients with a head injury.
low Magnesium ✔️This mineral stimulates parathyroid hormone secretion when low.
Magnesium ✔️This mineral helps with carbohydrate and protein metabolism, affects neuromuscular function, and produces vasodilation.
Magnesium Sulfate ✔️Can be given to relax smooth muscle. Calcium antagonist.
Calcium gluconate ✔️The antidote for tetany or hypermagnesmia
Phosphorus ✔️This mineral is required for the formation of ATP and helps to maintain the acid-base balance.
Potassium ✔️This mineral/electrolyte is necessary for neuromuscular and cardiovascular function.
tall tented T waves ✔️EKC/ECG reading for hyperkalemia
inverted T waves ✔️EKG/ECG reading for hypokalemia
Potassium ✔️The ion for repolarization.
hypokalemia
ileus ✔️___________ lowers the resting membrane potential and makes cells less irritable which could result in a(n)_____.
potassium sparing diuretics ✔️these drugs should NEVER be used in the presence of renal injury
Potassium ✔️Check renal function prior to administering ______.
weight, smoking, sex practices, diet ✔️List four modifiable risk factors. (general health promotion)
age, genetics, sex ✔️List three non-modifiable risk factors. (general health promotion)
cultural assessment ✔️What type of assessment should the nurse preform prior to initiating health teaching?
physiological integrity
safety and security
belongingness and affection
esteem and self-respect
self-actualization
-- physiologic needs and life threatening issues are a priority
-- confirm that these needs are met in the order listed above ✔️Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
--priorities?
--what order?
Healthy People 2020 ✔️Organization that identifies health promotion and disease prevention goals and lists strategies along with resources in
an attempt to improve the nation's health
The Institute of Medicine's report on the Future of Nursing ✔️Organization that recommends ways to strengthen the practice of nursing in order
to improve health care.
The National Patient Safety Goals ✔️The Joint Commission lists the top patient safety concerns and includes medication safety, infection
prevention, surgery-related mistakes, patient identification and improving staff communication. What is this list called?
Nurse Practice Acts ✔️This governs nursing practice and is a law that is put into place to protect the public - nurses must follow and comply with
their state's regulations
QSEN - Quality and Safety Education for Nurses Institute ✔️Institute that seeks to strengthen the knowledge, skills, and attitudes of nurses in
providing continuous quality improvement in health care
whatever the patient says it is ✔️What is pain?
actual or potential tissue damage ✔️Pain is associated with __________________________________.
the patient's self report ✔️The single most reliable indicator of pain is _______.
blood pressure, heart rate, and respirations ✔️Pain stimulates the sympathetic nervous system and could result in an increase in ___________,
___________, and ____________.
increases glucagon production
decreases insulin secretion
depresses immune function
can lead to addictive behaviors ✔️physiologic effects of unrelieved pain (4)
prostaglandins ✔️initiate inflammation and contribute to tissue swelling and pain
NSAIDS ✔️______ primarily produce pain relief by preventing prostaglandin formation.
Acetaminophen ✔️_____________ does not have anti-inflammatory properties.
tissue damage ✔️______________ stimulates the inflammatory response and puts the patient at risk for pain.
,local anesthetics, non-opioids or opioids ✔️manage nociceptive pain with?
allodynia ✔️pain that is associated with a noxious stimulus
nerve route injury ✔️________________ could lead to allodynia.
timing:
onset - when it started
duration - where it started
frequency - how often/for how long
type - includes intensity, associated factors
influencing factors - what makes it better/worse
intensity - how bad does it hurt
quality - what does it feel like
location - where does it hurt
effects on function/daily activities ✔️What does a comprehensive pain assessment include?
visual analog scale ✔️10cm line that represents no pain to worst pain on each end of the line and the patient places a mark somewhere between
the two ends depending on the severity of pain
numeric rating scale ✔️ranges from 0 to 10 with 0 representing no pain
Wong-Baker FACES Scale (ages 3+) ✔️consists of cartoon faces that the patient selects to report their pain
verbal descriptor scale ✔️uses words to help individuals describe the intensity of their pain
Wong-Baker FACES Scale ✔️should never be used by the provider to match the patient's facial expression
produce a local effect ✔️effect produced by topical analgesics
produces drug absorption into the systemic circulaiton ✔️effect produced by transdermal route of analgesics
provide PCA (patient controlled analgesia) ✔️Provide ____________ to help reduce complications related to pain. Used in postoperative
patients as a preventative measure for pain.
around the clock ✔️Provide administration of analgesics __(frequency)__ for chronic and postoperative pain, never wait for chronic pain to
reoccur.
aspirin or acetaminophen ✔️given for mild to moderate pain
NSAIDS ✔️given for moderate pain
opioid analgesics (Morphine) ✔️given for severe pain
rectal route ✔️Avoid which medication administration route for patients who are thrombocytopenic?
, Acetaminophen ✔️Use of this analgesic could result in hepatoxicity and should not exceed 4,000mg/day.
NSAIDS ✔️analgesic that could result in gastric ulcers or contribute to cardiovascular events such as MI or stroke
NSAIDS ✔️analgesic that could lead to acute renal failure in patients with volume depletion or who take it for chronic pain
prostaglandin ✔️needed for renal blood flow
constipation, nausea, pupil constriction, and respiratory depression ✔️undesirable side effects of opioids
could increase absorption and result in lethal complications ✔️Never apply heat over transdermal patches. Why?
antidepressants or anticonvulsants ✔️adjuvant medications used to manage neuropathic pain
metabolic alkalosis ✔️Vomiting can lead to what acid-base imbalance
metabolic acidosis ✔️Diarrhea can lead to what acid-base imbalance
calcium ✔️Mineral that helps to regulate muscle contraction and relaxation
high in calcium and low in phosphorus ✔️In the setting of hypoparathyroidism, provide a diet that is high in _______ and low in __________.
osmotic pressure ✔️Chloride works with sodium to determine _______________.
hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis ✔️If chloride levels drop, bicarbonate is retained and results in _______________________________.
action potentials
weakness or excitability ✔️Changes in electrolytes impair _________________ resulting in ________ or ____________.
fluid volume deficit (FVD) ✔️Small shifts in intravascular volume in children increases their risk for __________________.
albumin ✔️Proteins like _______ create an oncotic pressure.
oncotic pressure ✔️________________ pulls fluid from the interstitial compartment into the intravascular compartment to maintain volume.
D5W ✔️becomes a hypotonic solution as the cells absorb the dextrose
dextrose ✔️________ should not be given to patients with a head injury.
low Magnesium ✔️This mineral stimulates parathyroid hormone secretion when low.
Magnesium ✔️This mineral helps with carbohydrate and protein metabolism, affects neuromuscular function, and produces vasodilation.
Magnesium Sulfate ✔️Can be given to relax smooth muscle. Calcium antagonist.
Calcium gluconate ✔️The antidote for tetany or hypermagnesmia
Phosphorus ✔️This mineral is required for the formation of ATP and helps to maintain the acid-base balance.
Potassium ✔️This mineral/electrolyte is necessary for neuromuscular and cardiovascular function.
tall tented T waves ✔️EKC/ECG reading for hyperkalemia
inverted T waves ✔️EKG/ECG reading for hypokalemia
Potassium ✔️The ion for repolarization.
hypokalemia
ileus ✔️___________ lowers the resting membrane potential and makes cells less irritable which could result in a(n)_____.
potassium sparing diuretics ✔️these drugs should NEVER be used in the presence of renal injury
Potassium ✔️Check renal function prior to administering ______.
