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1. Which statement best describes the primary goal of psychology as a scientific
discipline?
A. To understand, explain, predict, and influence behavior and mental processes
B. To diagnose only mental illnesses
C. To prescribe medications for emotional disorders
D. To study only unconscious thoughts
Answer: A
Rationale: Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes, aiming to
understand, explain, predict, and, when appropriate, influence behavior using evidence-
based methods.
2. Which early psychologist is most closely associated with structuralism?
A. Wilhelm Wundt
B. B.F. Skinner
C. Carl Rogers
D. Albert Bandura
Answer: A
,Rationale: Wilhelm Wundt established the first psychology laboratory and is considered the
founder of structuralism, which focused on analyzing the basic elements of conscious
experience.
3. Functionalism emphasized:
A. The purpose of behavior and mental processes
B. The interpretation of dreams
C. Classical conditioning
D. The role of neurotransmitters only
Answer: A
Rationale: Functionalists, including William James, studied how mental processes help
individuals adapt to their environment.
4. Which perspective emphasizes unconscious conflicts and early childhood
experiences?
A. Psychodynamic
B. Behavioral
C. Cognitive
D. Biological
Answer: A
, Rationale: The psychodynamic perspective, developed by Sigmund Freud, focuses on
unconscious motivations and the influence of early life experiences.
5. Which psychologist is most closely associated with operant conditioning?
A. B.F. Skinner
B. Ivan Pavlov
C. Jean Piaget
D. Abraham Maslow
Answer: A
Rationale: Skinner demonstrated that behaviors are influenced by their consequences
through reinforcement and punishment.
6. Classical conditioning was first demonstrated through experiments involving:
A. Dogs learning to salivate to a conditioned stimulus
B. Rats navigating mazes
C. Children solving conservation tasks
D. Chimpanzees using language
Answer: A
Rationale: Ivan Pavlov discovered classical conditioning while studying conditioned
salivation in dogs.
1. Which statement best describes the primary goal of psychology as a scientific
discipline?
A. To understand, explain, predict, and influence behavior and mental processes
B. To diagnose only mental illnesses
C. To prescribe medications for emotional disorders
D. To study only unconscious thoughts
Answer: A
Rationale: Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes, aiming to
understand, explain, predict, and, when appropriate, influence behavior using evidence-
based methods.
2. Which early psychologist is most closely associated with structuralism?
A. Wilhelm Wundt
B. B.F. Skinner
C. Carl Rogers
D. Albert Bandura
Answer: A
,Rationale: Wilhelm Wundt established the first psychology laboratory and is considered the
founder of structuralism, which focused on analyzing the basic elements of conscious
experience.
3. Functionalism emphasized:
A. The purpose of behavior and mental processes
B. The interpretation of dreams
C. Classical conditioning
D. The role of neurotransmitters only
Answer: A
Rationale: Functionalists, including William James, studied how mental processes help
individuals adapt to their environment.
4. Which perspective emphasizes unconscious conflicts and early childhood
experiences?
A. Psychodynamic
B. Behavioral
C. Cognitive
D. Biological
Answer: A
, Rationale: The psychodynamic perspective, developed by Sigmund Freud, focuses on
unconscious motivations and the influence of early life experiences.
5. Which psychologist is most closely associated with operant conditioning?
A. B.F. Skinner
B. Ivan Pavlov
C. Jean Piaget
D. Abraham Maslow
Answer: A
Rationale: Skinner demonstrated that behaviors are influenced by their consequences
through reinforcement and punishment.
6. Classical conditioning was first demonstrated through experiments involving:
A. Dogs learning to salivate to a conditioned stimulus
B. Rats navigating mazes
C. Children solving conservation tasks
D. Chimpanzees using language
Answer: A
Rationale: Ivan Pavlov discovered classical conditioning while studying conditioned
salivation in dogs.
