PHYSICAL AGENTS FINAL EXAM
2026 WITH VERIFIED
QUESTIONS AND ACCURATE
ANSWERS GRADED A+
what are the Estim characteristics? - answer-Frequency-number of PULSES delivered to
the body in 1 second
total current- amount of current delivered to the tissue per second
Duty cycle- percentage of time that the current is on measured in second
Ramp time- amount of time it takes for the current to go from 0- peak amplitude and
back down
duration-
what are the definitions are EMS, NMES, ESTR,TENS,FES - answer-EMS- stimulates
denervated muscle to maintain muscle viability
NMES - stimulates innervated nerve
ESTR- used for edema reduction, enhanced circulation, and wound management
TENS-
FES-
what are 4 adserve reactions for using iontophoresis - answer-first degree burn
blistering
burning
stinging
what are 6 indications for ESTIM - answer-fracture healing
increase joint ROM
wound care
, Pain management
increase circulation
stimulation of denervated muscles
What type of massage increases circulation and decreases edema - answer-effleurage
what modality uses infrared light? - answer-laser therapy
what type of current does iontopheris have? - answer-DC
what type of charge is dexamethasone and what does the corresponding electrode have
to be? - answer-dexa-negative
electode-negative
what type of charge does a cathode and anode have? - answer-negative- cathaode
anode-positive
what is a precaution for estim? - answer-obseity
how often/long do you have to do a skin check for iontopheris - answer-3-5min
what should you feel with conventional/high frequency estim? - answer-tingling
what type of modalities have a direct current and what does it help - answer-iontopheris
EMS - it helps denervated muscle
what is the TENS trigger point? - answer-0-10 PPS
2026 WITH VERIFIED
QUESTIONS AND ACCURATE
ANSWERS GRADED A+
what are the Estim characteristics? - answer-Frequency-number of PULSES delivered to
the body in 1 second
total current- amount of current delivered to the tissue per second
Duty cycle- percentage of time that the current is on measured in second
Ramp time- amount of time it takes for the current to go from 0- peak amplitude and
back down
duration-
what are the definitions are EMS, NMES, ESTR,TENS,FES - answer-EMS- stimulates
denervated muscle to maintain muscle viability
NMES - stimulates innervated nerve
ESTR- used for edema reduction, enhanced circulation, and wound management
TENS-
FES-
what are 4 adserve reactions for using iontophoresis - answer-first degree burn
blistering
burning
stinging
what are 6 indications for ESTIM - answer-fracture healing
increase joint ROM
wound care
, Pain management
increase circulation
stimulation of denervated muscles
What type of massage increases circulation and decreases edema - answer-effleurage
what modality uses infrared light? - answer-laser therapy
what type of current does iontopheris have? - answer-DC
what type of charge is dexamethasone and what does the corresponding electrode have
to be? - answer-dexa-negative
electode-negative
what type of charge does a cathode and anode have? - answer-negative- cathaode
anode-positive
what is a precaution for estim? - answer-obseity
how often/long do you have to do a skin check for iontopheris - answer-3-5min
what should you feel with conventional/high frequency estim? - answer-tingling
what type of modalities have a direct current and what does it help - answer-iontopheris
EMS - it helps denervated muscle
what is the TENS trigger point? - answer-0-10 PPS
