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1. A 62-year-old man presents with crushing substernal chest pain
radiating to his left arm for 30 minutes. What is the priority
diagnosis?
A. GERD
B. Costochondritis
C. Acute myocardial infarction
D. Panic attack
Answer: C. Acute myocardial infarction
Rationale: Prolonged crushing chest pain with radiation is classic for
acute MI and requires emergency evaluation.
2. Which physical examination finding is most specific for heart
failure?
A. Peripheral edema
B. Tachycardia
,C. Elevated jugular venous pressure
D. Fatigue
Answer: C. Elevated jugular venous pressure
Rationale: Elevated JVP reflects increased right atrial pressure and is
a specific sign of volume overload in heart failure.
3. A patient has unilateral calf swelling, warmth, and tenderness
after a long flight. The most likely diagnosis is:
A. Cellulitis
B. Deep vein thrombosis
C. Baker cyst
D. Muscle strain
Answer: B. Deep vein thrombosis
Rationale: Immobilization and unilateral leg findings strongly suggest
DVT.
4. Which test confirms diabetes mellitus?
A. Random glucose 140 mg/dL
B. Fasting glucose 110 mg/dL
C. HbA1c ≥6.5%
D. Urine glucose
Answer: C. HbA1c ≥6.5%
Rationale: An HbA1c of 6.5% or greater is one diagnostic criterion for
diabetes.
, 5. The first-line medication for uncomplicated hypertension in a
nonpregnant adult without comorbidities is:
A. Digoxin
B. Thiazide diuretic
C. Amiodarone
D. Warfarin
Answer: B. Thiazide diuretic
Rationale: Thiazide diuretics are recommended first-line agents for
many adults with uncomplicated hypertension.
6. Which symptom is most suggestive of hyperthyroidism?
A. Weight gain
B. Bradycardia
C. Heat intolerance
D. Constipation
Answer: C. Heat intolerance
Rationale: Increased metabolism causes heat intolerance, weight
loss, and tachycardia.
7. A patient presents with productive cough, fever, and focal
crackles. The most likely diagnosis is:
A. Asthma
B. Viral URI
C. Community-acquired pneumonia
D. Allergic rhinitis