NR-511 Differential Diagnosis Questions
Practice Text Questions (Actual Exam
2026-2027) Correct Detailed & Verified
ANSWERS (100% Accurate Solutions)
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1. A 45-year-old woman presents with fatigue, weight gain,
constipation, and cold intolerance. Which diagnosis is most likely?
A. Hyperthyroidism
B. Hypothyroidism
C. Cushing syndrome
D. Addison disease
Rationale: Hypothyroidism commonly presents with fatigue, weight
gain, constipation, dry skin, bradycardia, and cold intolerance.
2. Which laboratory test is the best initial screening test for
hypothyroidism?
A. Free T3
B. TSH
C. Total T4
D. Thyroid ultrasound
Rationale: Serum TSH is the most sensitive initial screening test for
primary hypothyroidism.
,3. A patient presents with fever, productive cough, and localized
crackles. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Asthma
B. Bronchitis
C. Community-acquired pneumonia
D. Pulmonary embolism
Rationale: Fever, productive cough, and focal lung findings strongly
suggest pneumonia.
4. Which organism is the most common cause of community-
acquired pneumonia in adults?
A. Mycoplasma pneumoniae
B. Streptococcus pneumoniae
C. Legionella pneumophila
D. Haemophilus influenzae
Rationale: Streptococcus pneumoniae remains the leading bacterial
cause of community-acquired pneumonia.
5. A patient with unilateral calf swelling and tenderness should first
be evaluated for:
A. Cellulitis
B. Baker cyst
C. Deep vein thrombosis
D. Peripheral arterial disease
,Rationale: Unilateral swelling and tenderness are classic findings of
DVT.
6. Which clinical prediction rule is commonly used to assess DVT
probability?
A. Centor Criteria
B. CURB-65
C. Wells Score
D. CHA₂DS₂-VASc
Rationale: The Wells Score estimates pretest probability of DVT.
7. Sudden onset of unilateral facial droop with inability to close the
eye suggests:
A. Stroke
B. Bell's palsy
C. Trigeminal neuralgia
D. Temporal arteritis
Rationale: Bell's palsy affects both the upper and lower face due to
peripheral CN VII involvement.
8. Which symptom is most suggestive of migraine headache?
A. Bilateral pressure
B. Photophobia with unilateral throbbing pain
C. Neck stiffness
D. Morning headache relieved by vomiting
, Rationale: Migraines are characterized by unilateral, pulsating
headaches associated with nausea, photophobia, and phonophobia.
9. Which diagnosis should always be ruled out in a patient with
sudden "worst headache of my life"?
A. Migraine
B. Sinus headache
C. Subarachnoid hemorrhage
D. Cluster headache
Rationale: A thunderclap headache is highly concerning for
subarachnoid hemorrhage.
10. A patient with polyuria, polydipsia, and fasting glucose of 145
mg/dL most likely has:
A. Prediabetes
B. Type 2 diabetes mellitus
C. Diabetes insipidus
D. Metabolic syndrome
Rationale: A fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL on two occasions is
diagnostic for diabetes.
11. Which A1C level is diagnostic for diabetes?
A. 5.5%
B. 5.9%
C. 6.2%
Practice Text Questions (Actual Exam
2026-2027) Correct Detailed & Verified
ANSWERS (100% Accurate Solutions)
ALREADY GRADED A+||NEWEST VERSION
Of The Exam Guarantee Pass!!
1. A 45-year-old woman presents with fatigue, weight gain,
constipation, and cold intolerance. Which diagnosis is most likely?
A. Hyperthyroidism
B. Hypothyroidism
C. Cushing syndrome
D. Addison disease
Rationale: Hypothyroidism commonly presents with fatigue, weight
gain, constipation, dry skin, bradycardia, and cold intolerance.
2. Which laboratory test is the best initial screening test for
hypothyroidism?
A. Free T3
B. TSH
C. Total T4
D. Thyroid ultrasound
Rationale: Serum TSH is the most sensitive initial screening test for
primary hypothyroidism.
,3. A patient presents with fever, productive cough, and localized
crackles. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Asthma
B. Bronchitis
C. Community-acquired pneumonia
D. Pulmonary embolism
Rationale: Fever, productive cough, and focal lung findings strongly
suggest pneumonia.
4. Which organism is the most common cause of community-
acquired pneumonia in adults?
A. Mycoplasma pneumoniae
B. Streptococcus pneumoniae
C. Legionella pneumophila
D. Haemophilus influenzae
Rationale: Streptococcus pneumoniae remains the leading bacterial
cause of community-acquired pneumonia.
5. A patient with unilateral calf swelling and tenderness should first
be evaluated for:
A. Cellulitis
B. Baker cyst
C. Deep vein thrombosis
D. Peripheral arterial disease
,Rationale: Unilateral swelling and tenderness are classic findings of
DVT.
6. Which clinical prediction rule is commonly used to assess DVT
probability?
A. Centor Criteria
B. CURB-65
C. Wells Score
D. CHA₂DS₂-VASc
Rationale: The Wells Score estimates pretest probability of DVT.
7. Sudden onset of unilateral facial droop with inability to close the
eye suggests:
A. Stroke
B. Bell's palsy
C. Trigeminal neuralgia
D. Temporal arteritis
Rationale: Bell's palsy affects both the upper and lower face due to
peripheral CN VII involvement.
8. Which symptom is most suggestive of migraine headache?
A. Bilateral pressure
B. Photophobia with unilateral throbbing pain
C. Neck stiffness
D. Morning headache relieved by vomiting
, Rationale: Migraines are characterized by unilateral, pulsating
headaches associated with nausea, photophobia, and phonophobia.
9. Which diagnosis should always be ruled out in a patient with
sudden "worst headache of my life"?
A. Migraine
B. Sinus headache
C. Subarachnoid hemorrhage
D. Cluster headache
Rationale: A thunderclap headache is highly concerning for
subarachnoid hemorrhage.
10. A patient with polyuria, polydipsia, and fasting glucose of 145
mg/dL most likely has:
A. Prediabetes
B. Type 2 diabetes mellitus
C. Diabetes insipidus
D. Metabolic syndrome
Rationale: A fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL on two occasions is
diagnostic for diabetes.
11. Which A1C level is diagnostic for diabetes?
A. 5.5%
B. 5.9%
C. 6.2%
