BIOLOGY MACROMOLECULES CORE EXAM SET
2026/2027 QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔disaccharide - ✔✔A molecule composed of two monosaccharides. Common
disaccharides include maltose, sucrose, and lactose.
✔✔polysaccharide - ✔✔A polymer of thousands of simple sugars formed by
dehydration synthesis.
a carbohydrate that is composed of many monosaccharide units joined together
✔✔monosaccharide - ✔✔A simple sugar that is the basic subunit of a carbohydrate
✔✔saturated fatty acid - ✔✔A fatty acid with a carbon chain full of hydrogen atoms,
meaning no carbon-carbon double bonds; usually from animal sources and solid at
room temperature.
✔✔unsaturated fatty acid - ✔✔A fatty acid with a carbon chain that includes one or
more carbon-carbon double bonds; usually from plant sources and liquid at room
temperature. Monounsaturated fatty acids have one carbon-carbon double bond and
polyunsaturated fatty acids have two or more double bonds.
✔✔macromolecules, biomolecules , organic compounds - ✔✔four main classes of large
biological molecules (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids)
✔✔polymer - ✔✔large molecule formed when many smaller molecules bond together
✔✔monomer - ✔✔a simple compound whose molecules can join together to form
polymers
✔✔enzymes - ✔✔proteins that act as biological catalysts
✔✔carbohydrates - ✔✔compound made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms;
major source of energy for the human body
✔✔starch - ✔✔a complex carbohydrate found chiefly in plants
✔✔glycogen - ✔✔an extensively branched glucose storage complex carbohydrate
found in the liver and muscle of animals; the animal equivalent of starch
✔✔cellulose - ✔✔complex carbohydrate consisting of glucose monomers that reinforces
plant-cell walls, never branched and has beta linkages
✔✔lipids - ✔✔energy-rich organic compounds, such as fats, oils, and waxes, that are
made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, hydrophobic
2026/2027 QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔disaccharide - ✔✔A molecule composed of two monosaccharides. Common
disaccharides include maltose, sucrose, and lactose.
✔✔polysaccharide - ✔✔A polymer of thousands of simple sugars formed by
dehydration synthesis.
a carbohydrate that is composed of many monosaccharide units joined together
✔✔monosaccharide - ✔✔A simple sugar that is the basic subunit of a carbohydrate
✔✔saturated fatty acid - ✔✔A fatty acid with a carbon chain full of hydrogen atoms,
meaning no carbon-carbon double bonds; usually from animal sources and solid at
room temperature.
✔✔unsaturated fatty acid - ✔✔A fatty acid with a carbon chain that includes one or
more carbon-carbon double bonds; usually from plant sources and liquid at room
temperature. Monounsaturated fatty acids have one carbon-carbon double bond and
polyunsaturated fatty acids have two or more double bonds.
✔✔macromolecules, biomolecules , organic compounds - ✔✔four main classes of large
biological molecules (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids)
✔✔polymer - ✔✔large molecule formed when many smaller molecules bond together
✔✔monomer - ✔✔a simple compound whose molecules can join together to form
polymers
✔✔enzymes - ✔✔proteins that act as biological catalysts
✔✔carbohydrates - ✔✔compound made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms;
major source of energy for the human body
✔✔starch - ✔✔a complex carbohydrate found chiefly in plants
✔✔glycogen - ✔✔an extensively branched glucose storage complex carbohydrate
found in the liver and muscle of animals; the animal equivalent of starch
✔✔cellulose - ✔✔complex carbohydrate consisting of glucose monomers that reinforces
plant-cell walls, never branched and has beta linkages
✔✔lipids - ✔✔energy-rich organic compounds, such as fats, oils, and waxes, that are
made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, hydrophobic
