2026/2027 COMPREHENSIVE
GUIDE TO BAR EXAM
PREPARATION QUESTION AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
100% PASS
Q1 What are the three types of Federal Subject Matter Jurisdiction (SMJ)?
ANSWER
1) Federal Question
2) Diversity of Citizenship,
3) Supplemental Jurisdiction.
Q2 Under what conditions may a court decline to exercise jurisdiction in class
actions?
ANSWER
A court may decline if non-diverse members are greater than 1/3 and less than 2/3
of the total class.
Q3 When must a court decline to exercise jurisdiction in class actions?
ANSWER
When non-diverse members are greater than 2/3 of the total class.
,Q4 What are the conditions under which class action jurisdiction does not
apply?
ANSWER
1) If primary defendants are States or government entities
2) If there are less than 100 class members
3) In class actions involving securities or corporate fiduciary claims.
Q5 What is required for Federal Question Jurisdiction to exist?
ANSWER
The claim must arise under federal law, the U.S. Constitution, or a U.S. treaty.
Q6 What does Supplemental Jurisdiction allow a party to do?
ANSWER
It allows a party to bring a state claim in Federal Court that does not meet the
requirement of SMJ.
Q7 What must be present on the face of a well-pleaded complaint for
Supplemental Jurisdiction?
ANSWER
A federal question must be present.
, Q8 What is required for Diversity of Citizenship Jurisdiction?
ANSWER
Complete diversity of citizenship at the time the action is commenced, meaning no
plaintiff can be from the same state as any defendant.
Q9 How is citizenship determined for a natural person?
ANSWER
By residence and subjective intent to make the state their permanent home.
Q10 What is the citizenship determination for a corporation?
ANSWER
A corporation has dual citizenship in the state where it is incorporated and the
principal place of business.
Q11 How is an unincorporated association's citizenship determined?
ANSWER
It is deemed to be a domiciliary of the state of every partner/member/owner.
Q12 What is the citizenship of an executor or personal representative?
ANSWER
It is that of the decedent or person being represented.
GUIDE TO BAR EXAM
PREPARATION QUESTION AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
100% PASS
Q1 What are the three types of Federal Subject Matter Jurisdiction (SMJ)?
ANSWER
1) Federal Question
2) Diversity of Citizenship,
3) Supplemental Jurisdiction.
Q2 Under what conditions may a court decline to exercise jurisdiction in class
actions?
ANSWER
A court may decline if non-diverse members are greater than 1/3 and less than 2/3
of the total class.
Q3 When must a court decline to exercise jurisdiction in class actions?
ANSWER
When non-diverse members are greater than 2/3 of the total class.
,Q4 What are the conditions under which class action jurisdiction does not
apply?
ANSWER
1) If primary defendants are States or government entities
2) If there are less than 100 class members
3) In class actions involving securities or corporate fiduciary claims.
Q5 What is required for Federal Question Jurisdiction to exist?
ANSWER
The claim must arise under federal law, the U.S. Constitution, or a U.S. treaty.
Q6 What does Supplemental Jurisdiction allow a party to do?
ANSWER
It allows a party to bring a state claim in Federal Court that does not meet the
requirement of SMJ.
Q7 What must be present on the face of a well-pleaded complaint for
Supplemental Jurisdiction?
ANSWER
A federal question must be present.
, Q8 What is required for Diversity of Citizenship Jurisdiction?
ANSWER
Complete diversity of citizenship at the time the action is commenced, meaning no
plaintiff can be from the same state as any defendant.
Q9 How is citizenship determined for a natural person?
ANSWER
By residence and subjective intent to make the state their permanent home.
Q10 What is the citizenship determination for a corporation?
ANSWER
A corporation has dual citizenship in the state where it is incorporated and the
principal place of business.
Q11 How is an unincorporated association's citizenship determined?
ANSWER
It is deemed to be a domiciliary of the state of every partner/member/owner.
Q12 What is the citizenship of an executor or personal representative?
ANSWER
It is that of the decedent or person being represented.
