LUNG ANATOMY, LARYNGEAL
CARTILAGES, AND GAS EXCHANGE
PRINCIPLES NEWEST 2025 & 2026
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
Right Lung - answer3 lobes (superior, middle, inferior).
Left Lung - answer2 lobes.
Right Side of Lung - answerWider, slightly higher (due to liver). Includes oblique and
horizontal planes.
Left Side of Lung - answerNarrower, slightly lower. Includes the cardiac notch (where
the heart resides). Only has the oblique plane.
Lobar Bronchi - answerSecondary bronchi located within the lobes.
Segmental Bronchi - answerTertiary bronchi at the end of the lobar bronchi.
Hilum - answerSpace where blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves enter and
exit the lungs.
Thyroid Cartilage - answerKnown as the Adam's apple. More prominent in men due to
testosterone.
Cricoid Cartilage - answerConnects the larynx and the trachea. It's the last cartilage of
the larynx, located right before the trachea.
Epiglottis - answerActs as a flap that prevents food from entering the airways during
swallowing.
Vocal Cords - answerStructures within the larynx that produce sound (phonation).
Articulation - answerThe process of forming actual words, involving the pharynx,
tongue, lips, and oral cavity.
Goblet Cells - answerMucus-producing cells typically found in columnar epithelial
tissues.
Cilia - answerTiny hair-like structures that trap and sweep debris upward.
CARTILAGES, AND GAS EXCHANGE
PRINCIPLES NEWEST 2025 & 2026
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
Right Lung - answer3 lobes (superior, middle, inferior).
Left Lung - answer2 lobes.
Right Side of Lung - answerWider, slightly higher (due to liver). Includes oblique and
horizontal planes.
Left Side of Lung - answerNarrower, slightly lower. Includes the cardiac notch (where
the heart resides). Only has the oblique plane.
Lobar Bronchi - answerSecondary bronchi located within the lobes.
Segmental Bronchi - answerTertiary bronchi at the end of the lobar bronchi.
Hilum - answerSpace where blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves enter and
exit the lungs.
Thyroid Cartilage - answerKnown as the Adam's apple. More prominent in men due to
testosterone.
Cricoid Cartilage - answerConnects the larynx and the trachea. It's the last cartilage of
the larynx, located right before the trachea.
Epiglottis - answerActs as a flap that prevents food from entering the airways during
swallowing.
Vocal Cords - answerStructures within the larynx that produce sound (phonation).
Articulation - answerThe process of forming actual words, involving the pharynx,
tongue, lips, and oral cavity.
Goblet Cells - answerMucus-producing cells typically found in columnar epithelial
tissues.
Cilia - answerTiny hair-like structures that trap and sweep debris upward.
