NUR 210 EXAM 200 ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALE LATEST 2026 ALREADY
GRADED A+ NEW UPDATE
This comprehensive 200-question NUR 210 exam bank covers all essential
health assessment and nursing fundamentals topics, including physical
assessment techniques, skin and wound assessment, acid-base and electrolyte
imbalances, fluid balance, infection control, patient-centered care, and the
nursing process. It rigorously tests knowledge of clinical assessment findings,
diagnostic reasoning, and nursing interventions across diverse patient
populations. Each multiple-choice question includes a detailed rationale to
reinforce clinical judgment and evidence-based practice. This resource is ideal
for nursing students preparing for foundational nursing exams, clinical
simulations, and NCLEX-style testing, ensuring mastery of core concepts in
health assessment and medical-surgical nursing.
1. Which skin assessment finding indicates a problem with liver function?
A) Pallor
B) Erythema
C) Jaundice
D) Cyanosis
Answer: C
Rationale: Jaundice is characterized by a yellow pigmentation of the skin and
sclera due to an increase in bilirubin. This indicates a problem with the liver, as
bilirubin is processed by the liver for excretion.
2. What is the appropriate action if you observe a suspicious skin lesion that has
asymmetry, irregular borders, and color variation?
A) Document the findings and monitor at the next visit
B) Apply a topical cream and reassess
C) Promptly assess the lesion and refer to a healthcare provider
D) Reassure the patient that it is likely benign
Answer: C
,Rationale: The ABCDE criteria (Asymmetry, Border irregularity, Color variation,
Diameter >6mm, Evolution) are warning signs for melanoma. Lesions exhibiting
these characteristics require prompt assessment and referral to prevent progression
of skin cancer.
3. You are interviewing a patient who shares that he has made some bad choices in
life. You completely support and accept the patient no matter what he says or does.
This is known as:
A) Empathy
B) Genuineness
C) Unconditional regard
D) Caring
Answer: C
Rationale: Unconditional regard is the nonjudgmental acceptance of a patient
regardless of their past actions or current circumstances. It creates a safe
therapeutic environment where patients feel respected and valued.
4. A patient comes to the emergency room with stomach discomfort. What should
be your first question?
A) "Can you rate your pain on a scale of 1-10?"
B) "Do you have any allergies?"
C) "Describe your stomach discomfort."
D) "When did you last eat?"
Answer: C
Rationale: The first question should be open-ended to allow the patient to describe
the discomfort in their own words. This provides comprehensive data about the
nature, quality, and characteristics of the symptom.
5. A fair-skinned, blonde, 18-year-old woman is planning a trip to Mexico and
wants to avoid getting sunburned. Which teaching is appropriate?
A) Apply sunscreen with SPF 15 only
B) Wear protective clothing only
C) Apply sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher and reapply every 2 hours
D) Avoid sun exposure between 6 PM and 8 AM
Answer: C
Rationale: Sun protection should include using SPF 30+ sunscreen, wearing
protective clothing, avoiding peak sun hours (10 AM-4 PM), and reapplying
sunscreen every 2 hours. SPF 30+ provides adequate broad-spectrum protection.
,6. A nurse observes a skin lesion on the upper left thigh. It is 1.5 cm in diameter,
flat, hypopigmented, and non-palpable. What is the correct terminology for this
lesion?
A) Patch
B) Plaque
C) Papule
D) Macule
Answer: A
Rationale: A patch is a flat, non-palpable lesion larger than 1 cm with color
change. A macule is the same description but smaller than 1 cm. Since this lesion
is 1.5 cm, it is classified as a patch.
7. A patient with end-stage renal failure exhibits extreme thirst, confusion, and
decreased urine output. Which electrolyte imbalance is most likely?
A) Hypernatremia
B) Hyponatremia
C) Hyperkalemia
D) Hypokalemia
Answer: A
Rationale: Extreme thirst and confusion are classic signs of hypernatremia. In end-
stage renal failure, the kidneys cannot excrete excess sodium, leading to elevated
serum sodium levels. Decreased urine output is consistent with impaired renal
function.
8. The majority of the patient’s total body water exists in which compartment?
A) Extracellular
B) Intravascular
C) Intracellular
D) Transcellular
Answer: C
Rationale: Intracellular fluid (inside the cells) accounts for approximately two
thirds of total body water. Extracellular fluid accounts for approximately one third,
and includes intravascular and interstitial fluid.
9. A nurse is describing the process of passively moving water from an area of
lower particle concentration to an area of higher particle concentration. Which
process is the nurse describing?
A) Osmosis
B) Filtration
C) Diffusion
, D) Active transport
Answer: A
Rationale: Osmosis is the movement of water from an area of low particle
concentration to an area of higher particle concentration across a semipermeable
membrane. Diffusion is the passive movement of particles from high to low
concentration. Filtration is pressure-driven movement.
10. A patient is experiencing edema as a result of venous congestion from right
heart failure. Which type of pressure facilitated the formation of edema?
A) Osmotic
B) Oncotic
C) Hydrostatic
D) Concentration
Answer: C
Rationale: Venous congestion increases capillary hydrostatic pressure. Increased
hydrostatic pressure causes edema by forcing more fluid into the interstitial space.
Osmotic and oncotic pressures involve concentrations of solutes.
11. The nurse administers an intravenous hypertonic solution to a patient. In what
direction will the fluid shift occur?
A) From intracellular to extracellular
B) From extracellular to intracellular
C) From intravascular to intracellular
D) From intravascular to interstitial
Answer: A
Rationale: Hypertonic solutions have a higher concentration than body fluids,
creating osmotic pull that moves water from the intracellular to the extracellular
(intravascular) space. Hypotonic solutions cause fluid to move from extracellular
to intracellular.
12. The hormone that is most directly responsible for water reabsorption in the
kidneys by making the collecting ducts more permeable is:
A) Aldosterone
B) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
C) Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)
D) Angiotensin II
Answer: B
Rationale: ADH is released in response to high serum osmolality (dehydration). It
increases the permeability of the kidney collecting ducts to water, promoting water
reabsorption and concentrating urine.
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALE LATEST 2026 ALREADY
GRADED A+ NEW UPDATE
This comprehensive 200-question NUR 210 exam bank covers all essential
health assessment and nursing fundamentals topics, including physical
assessment techniques, skin and wound assessment, acid-base and electrolyte
imbalances, fluid balance, infection control, patient-centered care, and the
nursing process. It rigorously tests knowledge of clinical assessment findings,
diagnostic reasoning, and nursing interventions across diverse patient
populations. Each multiple-choice question includes a detailed rationale to
reinforce clinical judgment and evidence-based practice. This resource is ideal
for nursing students preparing for foundational nursing exams, clinical
simulations, and NCLEX-style testing, ensuring mastery of core concepts in
health assessment and medical-surgical nursing.
1. Which skin assessment finding indicates a problem with liver function?
A) Pallor
B) Erythema
C) Jaundice
D) Cyanosis
Answer: C
Rationale: Jaundice is characterized by a yellow pigmentation of the skin and
sclera due to an increase in bilirubin. This indicates a problem with the liver, as
bilirubin is processed by the liver for excretion.
2. What is the appropriate action if you observe a suspicious skin lesion that has
asymmetry, irregular borders, and color variation?
A) Document the findings and monitor at the next visit
B) Apply a topical cream and reassess
C) Promptly assess the lesion and refer to a healthcare provider
D) Reassure the patient that it is likely benign
Answer: C
,Rationale: The ABCDE criteria (Asymmetry, Border irregularity, Color variation,
Diameter >6mm, Evolution) are warning signs for melanoma. Lesions exhibiting
these characteristics require prompt assessment and referral to prevent progression
of skin cancer.
3. You are interviewing a patient who shares that he has made some bad choices in
life. You completely support and accept the patient no matter what he says or does.
This is known as:
A) Empathy
B) Genuineness
C) Unconditional regard
D) Caring
Answer: C
Rationale: Unconditional regard is the nonjudgmental acceptance of a patient
regardless of their past actions or current circumstances. It creates a safe
therapeutic environment where patients feel respected and valued.
4. A patient comes to the emergency room with stomach discomfort. What should
be your first question?
A) "Can you rate your pain on a scale of 1-10?"
B) "Do you have any allergies?"
C) "Describe your stomach discomfort."
D) "When did you last eat?"
Answer: C
Rationale: The first question should be open-ended to allow the patient to describe
the discomfort in their own words. This provides comprehensive data about the
nature, quality, and characteristics of the symptom.
5. A fair-skinned, blonde, 18-year-old woman is planning a trip to Mexico and
wants to avoid getting sunburned. Which teaching is appropriate?
A) Apply sunscreen with SPF 15 only
B) Wear protective clothing only
C) Apply sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher and reapply every 2 hours
D) Avoid sun exposure between 6 PM and 8 AM
Answer: C
Rationale: Sun protection should include using SPF 30+ sunscreen, wearing
protective clothing, avoiding peak sun hours (10 AM-4 PM), and reapplying
sunscreen every 2 hours. SPF 30+ provides adequate broad-spectrum protection.
,6. A nurse observes a skin lesion on the upper left thigh. It is 1.5 cm in diameter,
flat, hypopigmented, and non-palpable. What is the correct terminology for this
lesion?
A) Patch
B) Plaque
C) Papule
D) Macule
Answer: A
Rationale: A patch is a flat, non-palpable lesion larger than 1 cm with color
change. A macule is the same description but smaller than 1 cm. Since this lesion
is 1.5 cm, it is classified as a patch.
7. A patient with end-stage renal failure exhibits extreme thirst, confusion, and
decreased urine output. Which electrolyte imbalance is most likely?
A) Hypernatremia
B) Hyponatremia
C) Hyperkalemia
D) Hypokalemia
Answer: A
Rationale: Extreme thirst and confusion are classic signs of hypernatremia. In end-
stage renal failure, the kidneys cannot excrete excess sodium, leading to elevated
serum sodium levels. Decreased urine output is consistent with impaired renal
function.
8. The majority of the patient’s total body water exists in which compartment?
A) Extracellular
B) Intravascular
C) Intracellular
D) Transcellular
Answer: C
Rationale: Intracellular fluid (inside the cells) accounts for approximately two
thirds of total body water. Extracellular fluid accounts for approximately one third,
and includes intravascular and interstitial fluid.
9. A nurse is describing the process of passively moving water from an area of
lower particle concentration to an area of higher particle concentration. Which
process is the nurse describing?
A) Osmosis
B) Filtration
C) Diffusion
, D) Active transport
Answer: A
Rationale: Osmosis is the movement of water from an area of low particle
concentration to an area of higher particle concentration across a semipermeable
membrane. Diffusion is the passive movement of particles from high to low
concentration. Filtration is pressure-driven movement.
10. A patient is experiencing edema as a result of venous congestion from right
heart failure. Which type of pressure facilitated the formation of edema?
A) Osmotic
B) Oncotic
C) Hydrostatic
D) Concentration
Answer: C
Rationale: Venous congestion increases capillary hydrostatic pressure. Increased
hydrostatic pressure causes edema by forcing more fluid into the interstitial space.
Osmotic and oncotic pressures involve concentrations of solutes.
11. The nurse administers an intravenous hypertonic solution to a patient. In what
direction will the fluid shift occur?
A) From intracellular to extracellular
B) From extracellular to intracellular
C) From intravascular to intracellular
D) From intravascular to interstitial
Answer: A
Rationale: Hypertonic solutions have a higher concentration than body fluids,
creating osmotic pull that moves water from the intracellular to the extracellular
(intravascular) space. Hypotonic solutions cause fluid to move from extracellular
to intracellular.
12. The hormone that is most directly responsible for water reabsorption in the
kidneys by making the collecting ducts more permeable is:
A) Aldosterone
B) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
C) Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)
D) Angiotensin II
Answer: B
Rationale: ADH is released in response to high serum osmolality (dehydration). It
increases the permeability of the kidney collecting ducts to water, promoting water
reabsorption and concentrating urine.
