UNE Pathophysiology Midterm [2026/2027] |
UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Question and Answer |
100% Verified Answers
• Define homeostasis -✓✓ The purposeful maintenance of a stable internal environment.
• What are the aspects of the disease process? -✓✓ Definition, Etiology, Pathogenesis,
Morphologic changes, Clinical manifestations, Diagnosis, Clinical course, Prognosis
• Define stress -✓✓ A state manifested by symptoms that arise from the coordinated
activation of the neuroendocrine and immune systems
• Factors that affect adaptation to stress -✓✓ *Age
*Health Status
*Psychosocial Resources
*Availability of adaptive responses and ability of the body to select the most appropriate
response
• What is the first stage of the General Adaptation Mechanism? -✓✓ Alarm
• What is the second stage of the General Adaptation Mechanism? -✓✓ Resistance
• What is the third stage of the General Adaptation Mechanism? -✓✓ Exhaustion
• Define cellular adaptation -✓✓ Cells adapting to changes in the internal environment
• What is a decrease in cell size? -✓✓ Atrophy
• What is an increase in cell size? -✓✓ Hypertrophy
• What is an increase in the number of cells? -✓✓ Hyperplasia
• What is a change in form/replacement of adult cells? -✓✓ Metaplasia
• What is an abnormal cell growth of a specific tissue? -✓✓ Dysplasia
• What is a loss of cell differentiation in cancerous tissues? -✓✓ Anaplasia
• What are causes of cellular injury? -✓✓ *Physical Agents
*Radiation Injury
*Chemical Injury
*Biological Agents
, *Nutritional Imbalances
• What is apoptosis? -✓✓ Programmed cell death
• What is necrosis? -✓✓ Cell death in an organ or tissues that is still part of a living
person
• What is neoplasia? -✓✓ Disorder of altered cell differentiation and growth
• Define Adenoma -✓✓ Benign tumor of granular epithelial tissue
• Define Adenocarcinoma -✓✓ Malignant tumor of granular epithelial tissue
• Deine Carcinoma -✓✓ Malignant tumor of the epithelial tissue
• Define Osteoma -✓✓ Benign tumor of the bone tissue
• Define Sarcoma -✓✓ Malignant tumor of the connective tissue cells
• Characteristics of benign neoplasms -✓✓ *slow, progressive rate of growth
*Inability to metasize to distant sites
*Well-differentitated cells that resemble the cells of the tissue of orgin
• Characteristics of malignant neoplasms -✓✓ *Rapid growth and wide spread
*potential to kill regardless of original location
*tend to compress blood vessels and outgrow their blood supply
*rob normal tissues of essential nutrients
• Etiology of Cancer -✓✓ *Heredity
*Hormones
*Carcinogens
*Oncogenic Viruses
*Immunologic Mechanisms
• Clinical Manifestations of Cancer -✓✓ *Tissue Integrity
*Cancer Cachexia
*Paraneoplastic Syndromes
• Define tissue integrity -✓✓ Compressed and eroded blood vessels; ulcerations and
necrosis; frank bleeding and hemorrhage
• Define cancer cachexia -✓✓ Weight loss and wasting body fat and muscle tissue;
profound weakness, anorexia, and anemia
UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Question and Answer |
100% Verified Answers
• Define homeostasis -✓✓ The purposeful maintenance of a stable internal environment.
• What are the aspects of the disease process? -✓✓ Definition, Etiology, Pathogenesis,
Morphologic changes, Clinical manifestations, Diagnosis, Clinical course, Prognosis
• Define stress -✓✓ A state manifested by symptoms that arise from the coordinated
activation of the neuroendocrine and immune systems
• Factors that affect adaptation to stress -✓✓ *Age
*Health Status
*Psychosocial Resources
*Availability of adaptive responses and ability of the body to select the most appropriate
response
• What is the first stage of the General Adaptation Mechanism? -✓✓ Alarm
• What is the second stage of the General Adaptation Mechanism? -✓✓ Resistance
• What is the third stage of the General Adaptation Mechanism? -✓✓ Exhaustion
• Define cellular adaptation -✓✓ Cells adapting to changes in the internal environment
• What is a decrease in cell size? -✓✓ Atrophy
• What is an increase in cell size? -✓✓ Hypertrophy
• What is an increase in the number of cells? -✓✓ Hyperplasia
• What is a change in form/replacement of adult cells? -✓✓ Metaplasia
• What is an abnormal cell growth of a specific tissue? -✓✓ Dysplasia
• What is a loss of cell differentiation in cancerous tissues? -✓✓ Anaplasia
• What are causes of cellular injury? -✓✓ *Physical Agents
*Radiation Injury
*Chemical Injury
*Biological Agents
, *Nutritional Imbalances
• What is apoptosis? -✓✓ Programmed cell death
• What is necrosis? -✓✓ Cell death in an organ or tissues that is still part of a living
person
• What is neoplasia? -✓✓ Disorder of altered cell differentiation and growth
• Define Adenoma -✓✓ Benign tumor of granular epithelial tissue
• Define Adenocarcinoma -✓✓ Malignant tumor of granular epithelial tissue
• Deine Carcinoma -✓✓ Malignant tumor of the epithelial tissue
• Define Osteoma -✓✓ Benign tumor of the bone tissue
• Define Sarcoma -✓✓ Malignant tumor of the connective tissue cells
• Characteristics of benign neoplasms -✓✓ *slow, progressive rate of growth
*Inability to metasize to distant sites
*Well-differentitated cells that resemble the cells of the tissue of orgin
• Characteristics of malignant neoplasms -✓✓ *Rapid growth and wide spread
*potential to kill regardless of original location
*tend to compress blood vessels and outgrow their blood supply
*rob normal tissues of essential nutrients
• Etiology of Cancer -✓✓ *Heredity
*Hormones
*Carcinogens
*Oncogenic Viruses
*Immunologic Mechanisms
• Clinical Manifestations of Cancer -✓✓ *Tissue Integrity
*Cancer Cachexia
*Paraneoplastic Syndromes
• Define tissue integrity -✓✓ Compressed and eroded blood vessels; ulcerations and
necrosis; frank bleeding and hemorrhage
• Define cancer cachexia -✓✓ Weight loss and wasting body fat and muscle tissue;
profound weakness, anorexia, and anemia
