Osteoporosis Exam 2 #1 Questions with correct answers
1) The nurse is assessing a postmenopausal client. Which question should the
nurse ask to assess for signs of osteoporosis?
A) "Have you experienced any palpitations?"
B) "Are you having any low back pain?"
C) "Are you having problems with swelling in your feet?"
D) "Is constipation a problem for you?" - ✔✔Answer: B
Explanation: A client with osteoporosis will often present with low back pain as
well as a decrease in height. Palpitations, constipation, and swelling are not early
signs of osteoporosis.
2) A nurse is conducting a health history on an older adult client. Which
assessment finding indicates the client is at risk for osteoporosis?
A) Having a body mass index (BMI) that indicates obesity
B) Using glucocorticoids for 10 years because of a chronic lung disorder
C) Eating three to five servings of shrimp and liver per week
D) Drinking three glasses of skim milk daily - ✔✔Answer: B
Explanation: A) Long-time use of corticosteroids is a risk factor for developing
osteoporosis. Obesity is not a risk factor for osteoporosis. Skim milk is a good
source of calcium and vitamin D, which prevents or slows osteoporosis. A diet rich
in shellfish and organ meats is high in purine, which may predispose the client to
gout.
3) The nurse is planning care for a female adult client who is high-risk for
developing osteoporosis. Which interventions will decrease the client's risk of
developing this health problem? Select all that apply.
A) Increasing the intake of alcoholic beverages
,B) Isometric exercise for at least 30 minutes three times per week
C) Weight-bearing exercises such as walking
D) Having a yearly dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) test
E) A diet with adequate amounts of calcium and vitamin D - ✔✔Answer: C, E
Explanation: A) Interventions that may decrease this client's risk of developing
osteoporosis include regular weight-bearing exercise, such as walking, as this
activity slows bone loss. Other intervention include encouraging clients to
consume adequate amounts of calcium and vitamin D in their diets to prevent
osteoporotic fracture. A DEXA test measures bone density, but it does not
decrease the client's risk for developing osteoporosis. Measures to prevent or
treat osteoporosis include limiting the intake of beverages containing alcohol,
caffeine, and phosphorus. Isometric exercises are not effective against
osteoporosis.
4) The nurse identifies the nursing diagnosis Imbalanced Nutrition: Less Than
Body Requirements as appropriate for a client with osteoporosis. Which client
statement indicated to the nurse that this nursing diagnosis was appropriate?
A) "I like to remove all of the fat from the meat I eat."
B) "I am trying to eat a low-carb diet."
C) "I plan to start eating out less."
D) "I am allergic to dairy products." - ✔✔Answer: D
Explanation: A) The client who is allergic to dairy products may not take in much
calcium, which increases the risk of osteoporosis, so focusing on diet would be a
priority for this client. The statements about removing fat, eating a low-carb diet,
and eating out less are healthy changes for many individuals that help reduce
calorie intake, but they would not address one of the root causes of osteoporosis,
deficient calcium intake.
, 5) A client who is at risk for developing osteoporosis asks what can be done to
decrease the risk of actually developing the disease. Which intervention would be
the most beneficial for this client?
A) Decreasing the amount of calcium in the client's diet
B) Providing the client with assisted range of motion exercising twice daily
C) Increasing regular weight-bearing activities
D) Protecting the client's bones with strict bedrest - ✔✔Answer: C
Explanation: A) A standard intervention for those attempting to prevent
osteoporosis is beginning an exercise plan that includes weight-bearing activities.
Strict bedrest, decreasing calcium intake, and assisted range of motion exercises
may make the osteoporosis worse.
6) An adult client who resides in a long-term care facility is diagnosed with
osteoporosis. The client has a history of falls and dementia. Which nursing
intervention will best aid in meeting an outcome goal of injury prevention for this
client?
A) Using furniture as obstacles to keep the client in the bed
B) Keeping the bed in the lowest position
C) Keeping a nightlight on in the hallway
D) The use of wrist restraints - ✔✔Answer: B
Explanation: A) Keeping the bed in the lowest position will reduce the incidence of
injury should the client attempt to get up. The use of restraints could increase the
incidence of injury. Using the furniture as an obstacle could cause injury if the
client is able to get up. In a long-term care facility, a nightlight should be provided
in the room so the client can see to use the restroom.
7) The nurse is providing teaching to a young adult who is at risk for early-onset
osteoporosis. Which intervention should the nurse suggest?
1) The nurse is assessing a postmenopausal client. Which question should the
nurse ask to assess for signs of osteoporosis?
A) "Have you experienced any palpitations?"
B) "Are you having any low back pain?"
C) "Are you having problems with swelling in your feet?"
D) "Is constipation a problem for you?" - ✔✔Answer: B
Explanation: A client with osteoporosis will often present with low back pain as
well as a decrease in height. Palpitations, constipation, and swelling are not early
signs of osteoporosis.
2) A nurse is conducting a health history on an older adult client. Which
assessment finding indicates the client is at risk for osteoporosis?
A) Having a body mass index (BMI) that indicates obesity
B) Using glucocorticoids for 10 years because of a chronic lung disorder
C) Eating three to five servings of shrimp and liver per week
D) Drinking three glasses of skim milk daily - ✔✔Answer: B
Explanation: A) Long-time use of corticosteroids is a risk factor for developing
osteoporosis. Obesity is not a risk factor for osteoporosis. Skim milk is a good
source of calcium and vitamin D, which prevents or slows osteoporosis. A diet rich
in shellfish and organ meats is high in purine, which may predispose the client to
gout.
3) The nurse is planning care for a female adult client who is high-risk for
developing osteoporosis. Which interventions will decrease the client's risk of
developing this health problem? Select all that apply.
A) Increasing the intake of alcoholic beverages
,B) Isometric exercise for at least 30 minutes three times per week
C) Weight-bearing exercises such as walking
D) Having a yearly dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) test
E) A diet with adequate amounts of calcium and vitamin D - ✔✔Answer: C, E
Explanation: A) Interventions that may decrease this client's risk of developing
osteoporosis include regular weight-bearing exercise, such as walking, as this
activity slows bone loss. Other intervention include encouraging clients to
consume adequate amounts of calcium and vitamin D in their diets to prevent
osteoporotic fracture. A DEXA test measures bone density, but it does not
decrease the client's risk for developing osteoporosis. Measures to prevent or
treat osteoporosis include limiting the intake of beverages containing alcohol,
caffeine, and phosphorus. Isometric exercises are not effective against
osteoporosis.
4) The nurse identifies the nursing diagnosis Imbalanced Nutrition: Less Than
Body Requirements as appropriate for a client with osteoporosis. Which client
statement indicated to the nurse that this nursing diagnosis was appropriate?
A) "I like to remove all of the fat from the meat I eat."
B) "I am trying to eat a low-carb diet."
C) "I plan to start eating out less."
D) "I am allergic to dairy products." - ✔✔Answer: D
Explanation: A) The client who is allergic to dairy products may not take in much
calcium, which increases the risk of osteoporosis, so focusing on diet would be a
priority for this client. The statements about removing fat, eating a low-carb diet,
and eating out less are healthy changes for many individuals that help reduce
calorie intake, but they would not address one of the root causes of osteoporosis,
deficient calcium intake.
, 5) A client who is at risk for developing osteoporosis asks what can be done to
decrease the risk of actually developing the disease. Which intervention would be
the most beneficial for this client?
A) Decreasing the amount of calcium in the client's diet
B) Providing the client with assisted range of motion exercising twice daily
C) Increasing regular weight-bearing activities
D) Protecting the client's bones with strict bedrest - ✔✔Answer: C
Explanation: A) A standard intervention for those attempting to prevent
osteoporosis is beginning an exercise plan that includes weight-bearing activities.
Strict bedrest, decreasing calcium intake, and assisted range of motion exercises
may make the osteoporosis worse.
6) An adult client who resides in a long-term care facility is diagnosed with
osteoporosis. The client has a history of falls and dementia. Which nursing
intervention will best aid in meeting an outcome goal of injury prevention for this
client?
A) Using furniture as obstacles to keep the client in the bed
B) Keeping the bed in the lowest position
C) Keeping a nightlight on in the hallway
D) The use of wrist restraints - ✔✔Answer: B
Explanation: A) Keeping the bed in the lowest position will reduce the incidence of
injury should the client attempt to get up. The use of restraints could increase the
incidence of injury. Using the furniture as an obstacle could cause injury if the
client is able to get up. In a long-term care facility, a nightlight should be provided
in the room so the client can see to use the restroom.
7) The nurse is providing teaching to a young adult who is at risk for early-onset
osteoporosis. Which intervention should the nurse suggest?
