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Section A: Basic Aviation Knowledge (RBAK)
Q1: A remote pilot is planning a flight over flat terrain and needs to determine the
maximum altitude permitted for the operation. The local terrain elevation is 850 ft
AMSL. What is the maximum altitude the RPA may operate at in feet AMSL under
standard RePL rules?
A. 850 ft AMSL, as operations must remain at terrain elevation
B. 1,250 ft AMSL, calculated as terrain elevation plus 400 ft AGL [CORRECT]
C. 400 ft AMSL, as the 400 ft limit applies to AMSL not AGL
D. 1,500 ft AMSL, as a 650 ft buffer is added to terrain elevation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Under CASR Part 101, RPA operations are limited to 400 ft Above Ground
Level (AGL); to convert to AMSL, add 400 ft to the terrain elevation (850 ft + 400 ft =
1,250 ft AMSL). Operating at 400 ft AMSL would be below terrain level; 850 ft AMSL
would be at ground level; there is no 650 ft buffer in the regulations.
,Q2: A multirotor RPA is in stable hover when the pilot applies left roll input on the Mode
2 transmitter. According to Newton's Third Law, which physical principle explains the
resulting aircraft movement?
A. The left roll input increases lift on the left side, causing the aircraft to roll left
B. To every action there is an equal and opposite reaction—decreased lift on left motors
and increased lift on right motors creates a torque that rolls the aircraft left [CORRECT]
C. The aircraft's inertia resists the roll input, maintaining stable hover
D. Ground effect increases lift on the descending side, amplifying the roll
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Newton's Third Law states that to every action there is an equal and opposite
reaction; in multirotor flight, decreasing lift on left motors and increasing lift on right
motors creates a torque couple that rolls the aircraft left, with the equal and opposite
reaction being the torque applied to the airframe. Inertia resists change but does not
explain the movement; ground effect is not the primary mechanism for roll control.
Q3: A fixed-wing RPA is climbing at a constant airspeed. The pilot notes that as altitude
increases, the true airspeed increases while the indicated airspeed remains constant.
Which aerodynamic principle explains this phenomenon?
A. Decreased air density at altitude reduces drag, allowing higher true airspeed for the
same dynamic pressure [CORRECT]
B. Increased air density at altitude increases lift coefficient
C. Ground effect at higher altitude reduces induced drag
D. The propeller becomes more efficient at higher altitudes
,Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Indicated airspeed (IAS) measures dynamic pressure (½ρV²); as altitude
increases and air density (ρ) decreases, the same IAS corresponds to a higher true
airspeed (TAS) because the aircraft must move faster through less dense air to
generate the same dynamic pressure. Air density decreases with altitude; ground effect
occurs near the surface; propeller efficiency generally decreases with altitude.
Q4: A remote pilot is calculating weight and balance for a multirotor RPA before flight.
The aircraft has a maximum gross weight of 25 kg. The empty aircraft weighs 18 kg, the
battery weighs 2.5 kg, and the payload weighs 4 kg. Which statement is correct?
A. The total weight is 24.5 kg, which is within limits but leaves no margin for additional
equipment
B. The total weight is 24.5 kg, which is within the 25 kg maximum gross weight
[CORRECT]
C. The total weight is 29.5 kg, which exceeds the maximum gross weight
D. The total weight cannot be determined without knowing the center of gravity
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Total weight = empty aircraft (18 kg) + battery (2.5 kg) + payload (4 kg) = 24.5
kg, which is within the 25 kg maximum gross weight limit for this RPA. The calculation
is straightforward addition; while CG is important for stability, the question asks about
weight compliance. There is a 0.5 kg margin remaining.
, Q5: A multirotor RPA is ascending vertically from a hover. To achieve this, the remote
pilot must:
A. Decrease the collective pitch on all rotors simultaneously
B. Increase the load (thrust) on all motors simultaneously [CORRECT]
C. Increase thrust on the front motors and decrease thrust on the rear motors
D. Apply cyclic pitch to tilt the rotor disc forward
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Multirotor ascent is achieved by increasing the rotational speed (and thus
thrust) on all motors simultaneously, increasing total lift above the aircraft's weight; this
is the collective control principle for multirotors. Decreasing thrust would cause
descent; differential thrust creates pitch/roll, not vertical ascent; cyclic pitch is a
helicopter control method, not multirotor.
Q6: A remote pilot is planning a flight and notes that the runway orientation is 09/27.
Which statement correctly describes the runway direction?
A. The runway runs approximately northeast-southwest
B. The runway runs approximately east-west, with runway 09 oriented toward 090°
magnetic and runway 27 toward 270° magnetic [CORRECT]
C. The runway runs approximately north-south, with runway 09 oriented toward 009°
D. The runway numbers indicate the runway length in hundreds of meters
Correct Answer: B