Nu 327 Test 3 Questions with 100% Correct
Answers
pH
degree of acidity and alkalinity
7.35-7.45
normal pH of blood
Acid
large amount of H+/ low pH
Base
lower amount of H+/ high pH
carbonic acid and metabolic acid
What types of acids do our body make?
Carbonic acid
carbon dioxide + water
through the lungs (expiration)
How does the body get rid of carbonic acid?
Through the kidneys
How does the body excrete metabolic acid?
buffers
What is the body's first line of defense?
,weak base
HCO3- (carbonate) weak or strong? acid or base?
weak base
H2CO3 (bicarbonate) weak or strong? acid or base?
bicarbonate ions take up released H+ ion and become carbonic acid; excreted through
respiratory system
What happens if there is too much acid?
bicarbonate system releases H+ ions
What happens if there is too much base?
respiratory system
What is the body's 2nd line of defense?
carbonic acid
What kind of acids do the lungs excrete?
PaCO2
What is the indicator of lung effectiveness?
hyperventilation
increased rate and depth of breathing
hyperventilate
What do the lungs do if CO2 levels are too high?
hypoventilation
, decreased rate or depth of air movement into the lungs
hypoventilate
What do the lungs do if CO2 levels are too low?
renal system
What is the body's 3rd line of defense?
metabolic acids (any acid but carbonic)
What types of acid do the kidneys excrete?
excrete or retain H+/HCO3-
What may the kidneys maintain to regulate acid base balance?
HCO3
What is the indicator of renal effectiveness?
they will blow off more CO2 to attempt to normalize pH; PaCO2 and HCO3 are not
normal
How do the lungs compensate for the kidneys?
takes several days; excretion depending on what body needs; pH will normalize but
PaCO2 and HCO3 levels are normal
How do the kidneys compensate for the lungs?
PaCO2 levels
How do you know if compensation is achieved?
Respiratory acidosis
Answers
pH
degree of acidity and alkalinity
7.35-7.45
normal pH of blood
Acid
large amount of H+/ low pH
Base
lower amount of H+/ high pH
carbonic acid and metabolic acid
What types of acids do our body make?
Carbonic acid
carbon dioxide + water
through the lungs (expiration)
How does the body get rid of carbonic acid?
Through the kidneys
How does the body excrete metabolic acid?
buffers
What is the body's first line of defense?
,weak base
HCO3- (carbonate) weak or strong? acid or base?
weak base
H2CO3 (bicarbonate) weak or strong? acid or base?
bicarbonate ions take up released H+ ion and become carbonic acid; excreted through
respiratory system
What happens if there is too much acid?
bicarbonate system releases H+ ions
What happens if there is too much base?
respiratory system
What is the body's 2nd line of defense?
carbonic acid
What kind of acids do the lungs excrete?
PaCO2
What is the indicator of lung effectiveness?
hyperventilation
increased rate and depth of breathing
hyperventilate
What do the lungs do if CO2 levels are too high?
hypoventilation
, decreased rate or depth of air movement into the lungs
hypoventilate
What do the lungs do if CO2 levels are too low?
renal system
What is the body's 3rd line of defense?
metabolic acids (any acid but carbonic)
What types of acid do the kidneys excrete?
excrete or retain H+/HCO3-
What may the kidneys maintain to regulate acid base balance?
HCO3
What is the indicator of renal effectiveness?
they will blow off more CO2 to attempt to normalize pH; PaCO2 and HCO3 are not
normal
How do the lungs compensate for the kidneys?
takes several days; excretion depending on what body needs; pH will normalize but
PaCO2 and HCO3 levels are normal
How do the kidneys compensate for the lungs?
PaCO2 levels
How do you know if compensation is achieved?
Respiratory acidosis
