CNUR 100 REVIEW | COMPLETE NURSING STUDY GUIDE, PRACTICE QUESTIONS,
NCLEX REVIEW & EXAM PREP 2026/2027
Critical thinking - ANS ✔✔a combination of skills and dispositions to maximize one's ability to
purposely reflect, think deeply, and act purposely
3 main purposes of thinking critically - ANS ✔✔Social, political/moral/ethical, and economical
Evidence based practice - ANS ✔✔the use of various types of knowledge to guide one's practice
in the clinical setting toward the goal of quality client care outcomes
Nursing process (ADPIE) - ANS ✔✔1) Assess - collecting data (both objective and subjective)
2) Diagnose - Analyze data and look for inconsistencies
3) Plan - Identify how we are going to achieve our goal
4) Implement - nurse carries out the planned actions
5) Evaluate - Measures the degree to which the patient's goals and desired outcomes have been
achieved
What are interventions? - ANS ✔✔The things that the nurse will do to assist the patient to
achieve the goals
-Reduce or eliminate the causative factors
-Treat the signs and symptoms
What is rationale? - ANS ✔✔reason for each intervention
Documentation - ANS ✔✔Documentation is anything entered into a patient's electronic health
record or written in a patient record. Documentation is written information about a client that
describes the care or service provided to that client - done when you do any patient care
,nursing documentation:
-ensures: continuity of care, provides legal evidence, evaluates pt outcomes
-provides: detailed account of pt's plan of care, assessment, and treatment
Narrative documentation - ANS ✔✔narrative charting uses a story-like format to document
specific information about a patient's conditions and nursing care, usually presented in
chronological order
Charting by exception - ANS ✔✔charting by exception is a system of documentation that aims
to eliminate redundancy, makes documentation of routine care more concise, emphasizes
abnormal findings, and identifies trends in clinical care
Progress notes - ANS ✔✔health care team members use progress notes to monitor and record
the progress if a patient's problem
Nursing signature - ANS ✔✔First initial, last name, NS-SCBScN
SBAR documentation - ANS ✔✔Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation
SBAR documentation is a concrete approach for framing conversations, especially critical ones
that require a nurse's immediate attention and action
SOAP documentation - ANS ✔✔Subjective data, Objective data, Assessment, and Plan
The logic for SOAP(IE) {Intervention, Evaluation} is to collect data about a pt's problems, draw
conclusions, and develop a plan of care
PIE documentation - ANS ✔✔Problem, Intervention, Evaluation
,PIE charting is problem-oriented; it differs from SOAP method because it has a nursing origin,
whereas SOAP originated from a medical model
Incident report - ANS ✔✔a form that filled up in order to record the details of accidents, patient
injury and other unusual events that occur in a health care facility
WHOLE - ANS ✔✔Wholsim, History, Options, Logistics and Environment
What is holistic nursing? - ANS ✔✔a practice that aims to heal the whole person and draws on
knowledge, theories, expertise and intuition
TRUST - ANS ✔✔traditions, reconciliation, understanding, searching, teachers
TRUST is an affirmation of inclusive spiritual care
What are the 6 routes of transmission? Give examples - ANS ✔✔•Direct: egshaking hand
•Indirect contact: touching object
•Droplet: large drops eg sneezing
•Airborne: little drops eg TB
•Vehicle borne: eg kleenex or dressings
•Vector borne: eg animals/insects biting you
What is the major cause of respiratory infections? - ANS ✔✔droplet transmission
Routine precautions - ANS ✔✔Used with all clients regardless of diagnosis:
Use of PPE (personal protective equipment)
, Hand hygiene
All interventions that break the chain of infection
What are the 5 moments of hand hygiene? - ANS ✔✔1. Before touching patient
2. Before clean/aseptic procedure
3. After bodily fluid exposure risk
4. After touching a patient
5. After touching patient surroundings
Direct contact transmission - ANS ✔✔microorganisms pass from the infected person to the
healthy person via direct physical contact with blood or body fluids. eg touching/contact with
oral secretions
Indirect contact transmission - ANS ✔✔spread when an infected person sneezes or coughs,
sending infectious droplets into the air. Droplets generally travel between three and six feet and
land on surfaces or objects including tables, doorknobs and telephones
Nosocomial infection - ANS ✔✔infection that is acquired by patients while they are
institutionalized or hospitalized
Iatrogenic infection - ANS ✔✔nosocomial infection that results from a diagnostic or therapeutic
treatment
What is the "master signature form" - ANS ✔✔-Provides a record of all caregivers involved in
the client's care
-Information filled out on the first contact with the client and only entered once during each
admission.
-Contains name (printed and signature), initials, designation and date of initial contact
-Must be available on each individual client's chart
NCLEX REVIEW & EXAM PREP 2026/2027
Critical thinking - ANS ✔✔a combination of skills and dispositions to maximize one's ability to
purposely reflect, think deeply, and act purposely
3 main purposes of thinking critically - ANS ✔✔Social, political/moral/ethical, and economical
Evidence based practice - ANS ✔✔the use of various types of knowledge to guide one's practice
in the clinical setting toward the goal of quality client care outcomes
Nursing process (ADPIE) - ANS ✔✔1) Assess - collecting data (both objective and subjective)
2) Diagnose - Analyze data and look for inconsistencies
3) Plan - Identify how we are going to achieve our goal
4) Implement - nurse carries out the planned actions
5) Evaluate - Measures the degree to which the patient's goals and desired outcomes have been
achieved
What are interventions? - ANS ✔✔The things that the nurse will do to assist the patient to
achieve the goals
-Reduce or eliminate the causative factors
-Treat the signs and symptoms
What is rationale? - ANS ✔✔reason for each intervention
Documentation - ANS ✔✔Documentation is anything entered into a patient's electronic health
record or written in a patient record. Documentation is written information about a client that
describes the care or service provided to that client - done when you do any patient care
,nursing documentation:
-ensures: continuity of care, provides legal evidence, evaluates pt outcomes
-provides: detailed account of pt's plan of care, assessment, and treatment
Narrative documentation - ANS ✔✔narrative charting uses a story-like format to document
specific information about a patient's conditions and nursing care, usually presented in
chronological order
Charting by exception - ANS ✔✔charting by exception is a system of documentation that aims
to eliminate redundancy, makes documentation of routine care more concise, emphasizes
abnormal findings, and identifies trends in clinical care
Progress notes - ANS ✔✔health care team members use progress notes to monitor and record
the progress if a patient's problem
Nursing signature - ANS ✔✔First initial, last name, NS-SCBScN
SBAR documentation - ANS ✔✔Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation
SBAR documentation is a concrete approach for framing conversations, especially critical ones
that require a nurse's immediate attention and action
SOAP documentation - ANS ✔✔Subjective data, Objective data, Assessment, and Plan
The logic for SOAP(IE) {Intervention, Evaluation} is to collect data about a pt's problems, draw
conclusions, and develop a plan of care
PIE documentation - ANS ✔✔Problem, Intervention, Evaluation
,PIE charting is problem-oriented; it differs from SOAP method because it has a nursing origin,
whereas SOAP originated from a medical model
Incident report - ANS ✔✔a form that filled up in order to record the details of accidents, patient
injury and other unusual events that occur in a health care facility
WHOLE - ANS ✔✔Wholsim, History, Options, Logistics and Environment
What is holistic nursing? - ANS ✔✔a practice that aims to heal the whole person and draws on
knowledge, theories, expertise and intuition
TRUST - ANS ✔✔traditions, reconciliation, understanding, searching, teachers
TRUST is an affirmation of inclusive spiritual care
What are the 6 routes of transmission? Give examples - ANS ✔✔•Direct: egshaking hand
•Indirect contact: touching object
•Droplet: large drops eg sneezing
•Airborne: little drops eg TB
•Vehicle borne: eg kleenex or dressings
•Vector borne: eg animals/insects biting you
What is the major cause of respiratory infections? - ANS ✔✔droplet transmission
Routine precautions - ANS ✔✔Used with all clients regardless of diagnosis:
Use of PPE (personal protective equipment)
, Hand hygiene
All interventions that break the chain of infection
What are the 5 moments of hand hygiene? - ANS ✔✔1. Before touching patient
2. Before clean/aseptic procedure
3. After bodily fluid exposure risk
4. After touching a patient
5. After touching patient surroundings
Direct contact transmission - ANS ✔✔microorganisms pass from the infected person to the
healthy person via direct physical contact with blood or body fluids. eg touching/contact with
oral secretions
Indirect contact transmission - ANS ✔✔spread when an infected person sneezes or coughs,
sending infectious droplets into the air. Droplets generally travel between three and six feet and
land on surfaces or objects including tables, doorknobs and telephones
Nosocomial infection - ANS ✔✔infection that is acquired by patients while they are
institutionalized or hospitalized
Iatrogenic infection - ANS ✔✔nosocomial infection that results from a diagnostic or therapeutic
treatment
What is the "master signature form" - ANS ✔✔-Provides a record of all caregivers involved in
the client's care
-Information filled out on the first contact with the client and only entered once during each
admission.
-Contains name (printed and signature), initials, designation and date of initial contact
-Must be available on each individual client's chart
