BIOL251: Human Anatomy & Physiology I w/Lab 2026 - 2027
Portage Learning
Module 5: Skeletal Muscle Tissue
Exam Review 2026!!!!
Question 1
Which factors were used to name the tibialis anterior muscle? (Select all that apply.)
A. Size
B. Movement
C. Anatomical region
D. Shape
E. Number of origins
ANSWER✔✨-: C, D
Rationale:
A. Size - Incorrect. The tibialis anterior is not named for its size. Size-based names include terms like
"maximus" (largest), "minimus" (smallest), "longus" (long), or "brevis" (short).
,B. Movement - Incorrect. Movement-based names include terms like "flexor," "extensor," "abductor," or
"adductor." While this muscle does produce movement (dorsiflexion and inversion), this is not reflected
in its name.
C. Anatomical region - Correct. The term "tibialis" refers to its location near the tibia bone, and
"anterior" indicates its position on the front of the leg. The anatomical region is a primary naming factor.
D. Shape - Correct. The term "tibialis" also implies a strap-like or flat shape characteristic of muscles in
this region, contributing to its naming.
E. Number of origins - Incorrect. Number of origins is indicated by terms like "biceps" (two heads),
"triceps" (three heads), or "quadriceps" (four heads), which does not apply to this muscle.
Question 2
Match the following action to the proper muscle:
Compresses cheek; suction
Wrinkles chin; protrudes lower lip
Elevates ribs 1-2 for inspiration
Pulls corners of mouth laterally into line; tenses lips
ANSWER✔✨-:
Compresses cheek; suction → Buccinator
Wrinkles chin; protrudes lower lip → Mentalis
,Elevates ribs 1-2 for inspiration → Scalenes
Pulls corners of mouth laterally into line; tenses lips → Risorius
Rationale:
Buccinator - This muscle forms the wall of the cheek and is essential for whistling, sucking, and blowing.
It compresses the cheek against the teeth and is innervated by the facial nerve (CN VII).
Mentalis - Located at the tip of the chin, this muscle elevates and protrudes the lower lip while wrinkling
the skin of the chin. It is responsible for the "pouting" expression and is innervated by the facial nerve
(CN VII).
Scalenes - These three muscles (anterior, middle, and posterior scalenes) attach to the cervical
vertebrae and first two ribs. When the cervical vertebrae are fixed, they elevate ribs 1-2 to assist with
forced inspiration. They are innervated by cervical spinal nerves (C3-C8).
Risorius - This narrow band of muscle extends from the fascia over the masseter to the corner of the
mouth. It draws the corner of the mouth laterally, producing a grimace or smile, and tenses the lips. It is
innervated by the facial nerve (CN VII).
Question 3
Label the muscles of the face (diagram with A-W):
, ANSWER✔✨- Key:
A. Frontalis (occipitofrontalis - frontal belly)
B. Orbicularis oculi
C. Procerus
D. Nasalis
E. Levator labii superioris
F. Zygomaticus minor
G. Zygomaticus major
H. Levator anguli oris
I. Risorius
J. Depressor anguli oris
K. Depressor labii inferioris
L. Mentalis
M. Orbicularis oris
N. Buccinator
O. Masseter
Portage Learning
Module 5: Skeletal Muscle Tissue
Exam Review 2026!!!!
Question 1
Which factors were used to name the tibialis anterior muscle? (Select all that apply.)
A. Size
B. Movement
C. Anatomical region
D. Shape
E. Number of origins
ANSWER✔✨-: C, D
Rationale:
A. Size - Incorrect. The tibialis anterior is not named for its size. Size-based names include terms like
"maximus" (largest), "minimus" (smallest), "longus" (long), or "brevis" (short).
,B. Movement - Incorrect. Movement-based names include terms like "flexor," "extensor," "abductor," or
"adductor." While this muscle does produce movement (dorsiflexion and inversion), this is not reflected
in its name.
C. Anatomical region - Correct. The term "tibialis" refers to its location near the tibia bone, and
"anterior" indicates its position on the front of the leg. The anatomical region is a primary naming factor.
D. Shape - Correct. The term "tibialis" also implies a strap-like or flat shape characteristic of muscles in
this region, contributing to its naming.
E. Number of origins - Incorrect. Number of origins is indicated by terms like "biceps" (two heads),
"triceps" (three heads), or "quadriceps" (four heads), which does not apply to this muscle.
Question 2
Match the following action to the proper muscle:
Compresses cheek; suction
Wrinkles chin; protrudes lower lip
Elevates ribs 1-2 for inspiration
Pulls corners of mouth laterally into line; tenses lips
ANSWER✔✨-:
Compresses cheek; suction → Buccinator
Wrinkles chin; protrudes lower lip → Mentalis
,Elevates ribs 1-2 for inspiration → Scalenes
Pulls corners of mouth laterally into line; tenses lips → Risorius
Rationale:
Buccinator - This muscle forms the wall of the cheek and is essential for whistling, sucking, and blowing.
It compresses the cheek against the teeth and is innervated by the facial nerve (CN VII).
Mentalis - Located at the tip of the chin, this muscle elevates and protrudes the lower lip while wrinkling
the skin of the chin. It is responsible for the "pouting" expression and is innervated by the facial nerve
(CN VII).
Scalenes - These three muscles (anterior, middle, and posterior scalenes) attach to the cervical
vertebrae and first two ribs. When the cervical vertebrae are fixed, they elevate ribs 1-2 to assist with
forced inspiration. They are innervated by cervical spinal nerves (C3-C8).
Risorius - This narrow band of muscle extends from the fascia over the masseter to the corner of the
mouth. It draws the corner of the mouth laterally, producing a grimace or smile, and tenses the lips. It is
innervated by the facial nerve (CN VII).
Question 3
Label the muscles of the face (diagram with A-W):
, ANSWER✔✨- Key:
A. Frontalis (occipitofrontalis - frontal belly)
B. Orbicularis oculi
C. Procerus
D. Nasalis
E. Levator labii superioris
F. Zygomaticus minor
G. Zygomaticus major
H. Levator anguli oris
I. Risorius
J. Depressor anguli oris
K. Depressor labii inferioris
L. Mentalis
M. Orbicularis oris
N. Buccinator
O. Masseter
