MHA 710 – Healthcare Economics – Exam 1 | Newest Questions and ANSWERs Updated 2026 Complete Review 2026!!

BIOL 252 Human Anatomy & Physiology II w/Lab
Module 5 Exam Review: The Respiratory
System2026



Question 1

Which structure forms the bridge of the nose?

A. Nasal bones

B. Maxilla

C. Frontal bone

D. Zygomatic bone

ANSWER✔✨-: A. Nasal bones

Rationale:

A. Nasal bones - CORRECT. The nasal bones are two small oblong bones that form the bridge of the nose
at the upper third of the nose.

B. Maxilla - INCORRECT. The maxilla forms the upper jaw and part of the lateral walls and floor of the
nasal cavity, but not the bridge of the nose.

C. Frontal bone - INCORRECT. The frontal bone forms the forehead and roof of the nasal cavity, but not
the bridge itself.

D. Zygomatic bone - INCORRECT. The zygomatic bone forms the cheekbone and part of the lateral wall
of the orbit, not related to the nasal bridge.

Question 2

What is the primary function of the nasal conchae (turbinates)?

A. Produce mucus

B. Increase surface area and create turbulence in airflow

C. Filter large particles from air

D. Detect odors

,ANSWER✔✨-: B. Increase surface area and create turbulence in airflow

Rationale:

A. Produce mucus - INCORRECT. While the conchae are covered with mucous membrane, mucus
production is primarily from goblet cells and mucous glands, not the primary function of the conchae
structure itself.

B. Increase surface area and create turbulence in airflow - CORRECT. The conchae create narrow,
winding passageways that increase surface area for warming, humidifying, and filtering air while
creating turbulence to help particles contact the mucus.

C. Filter large particles from air - INCORRECT. While some filtration occurs, this is not the primary
function; large particles are mainly filtered by nasal hairs (vibrissae).

D. Detect odors - INCORRECT. Odor detection is the function of olfactory receptors located in the
olfactory epithelium in the superior nasal cavity, not the conchae.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a paranasal sinus?

A. Frontal sinus

B. Maxillary sinus

C. Mandibular sinus

D. Sphenoid sinus

ANSWER✔✨-: C. Mandibular sinus

Rationale:

A. Frontal sinus - INCORRECT. The frontal sinus is located in the frontal bone above the eyes and is one
of the four paired paranasal sinuses.

B. Maxillary sinus - INCORRECT. The maxillary sinus is located in the maxilla bone and is the largest of the
paranasal sinuses.

C. Mandibular sinus - CORRECT. There is no "mandibular sinus." The four paired paranasal sinuses are:
frontal, maxillary, ethmoid, and sphenoid.

D. Sphenoid sinus - INCORRECT. The sphenoid sinus is located in the sphenoid bone behind the nasal
cavity and is one of the paranasal sinuses.

Question 4

The pharynx is divided into three regions. Which is the correct superior-to-inferior order?

A. Oropharynx, nasopharynx, laryngopharynx

B. Nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx

,C. Laryngopharynx, oropharynx, nasopharynx

D. Nasopharynx, laryngopharynx, oropharynx

ANSWER✔✨-: B. Nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx

Rationale:

A. Oropharynx, nasopharynx, laryngopharynx - INCORRECT. This order is incorrect; the nasopharynx is
the most superior region.

B. Nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx - CORRECT. From superior to inferior: nasopharynx (behind
nasal cavity), oropharynx (behind oral cavity), and laryngopharynx (above larynx).

C. Laryngopharynx, oropharynx, nasopharynx - INCORRECT. This is the reverse order (inferior to
superior).

D. Nasopharynx, laryngopharynx, oropharynx - INCORRECT. The oropharynx is between the nasopharynx
and laryngopharynx, not inferior to the laryngopharynx.

Question 5

Which structure prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing?

A. Uvula

B. Epiglottis

C. Vocal cords

D. Glottis

ANSWER✔✨-: B. Epiglottis

Rationale:

A. Uvula - INCORRECT. The uvula helps prevent food from entering the nasal cavity during swallowing,
not the trachea.

B. Epiglottis - CORRECT. The epiglottis is a flap of elastic cartilage that covers the laryngeal inlet during
swallowing, preventing food and liquid from entering the trachea.

C. Vocal cords - INCORRECT. The vocal cords produce sound and help close the glottis during certain
activities, but the epiglottis is the primary structure preventing food entry.

D. Glottis - INCORRECT. The glottis is the opening between the vocal cords, not a structure that prevents
food entry.

Question 6

The vocal cords are located in which structure?

A. Pharynx

, B. Larynx

C. Trachea

D. Bronchi

ANSWER✔✨-: B. Larynx

Rationale:

A. Pharynx - INCORRECT. The pharynx is the throat region superior to the larynx and does not contain
vocal cords.

B. Larynx - CORRECT. The larynx (voice box) contains the vocal cords (vocal folds) which vibrate to
produce sound.

C. Trachea - INCORRECT. The trachea (windpipe) is inferior to the larynx and conducts air to the bronchi
but does not contain vocal cords.

D. Bronchi - INCORRECT. The bronchi are airways within the lungs and do not contain vocal cords.

Question 7

What type of cartilage forms the C-shaped rings in the trachea?

A. Elastic cartilage

B. Fibrocartilage

C. Hyaline cartilage

D. Dense connective tissue

ANSWER✔✨-: C. Hyaline cartilage

Rationale:

A. Elastic cartilage - INCORRECT. Elastic cartilage is found in the epiglottis and external ear, providing
flexibility, not in tracheal rings.

B. Fibrocartilage - INCORRECT. Fibrocartilage is found in intervertebral discs and pubic symphysis, areas
requiring strength and shock absorption.

C. Hyaline cartilage - CORRECT. The trachea contains 16-20 C-shaped rings of hyaline cartilage that
provide support while allowing flexibility and keeping the airway open.

D. Dense connective tissue - INCORRECT. While present in the trachea, it does not form the supporting
rings; hyaline cartilage does.

Question 8

The trachea divides into the right and left primary bronchi at which landmark?

A. Sternal angle (Angle of Louis)