NURS 5461 MEDSURG EXAM 4 REVIEW QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS | VERIFIED | LATEST
UPDATE 2026/2027 | GRADED A+ | 100 PASS
.
The nurse is caring for a group of well older people at a community day
center.
Which neurologic finding associated with aging would the nurse expect to
find
in older adults?
A. Longer reaction time
B. Improved sense of taste
C. Orthostatic hypotension
D. Hyperactive deep tendon reflexes - ANSWER C
Rationale
Older adults are more likely to experience orthostatic hypotension related to
altered coordination of neuromuscular activity. Other neurologic changes in the
older adult include atrophy of taste buds with decreased sense of taste, below
average reflex score (and diminished deep tendon reflexes), and slowed reaction
times.
The nurse is completing a health assessment for an obese 62-year-old man who
wants to begin a diet and exercise program. Which assessment should the nurse
perform to determine the cognitive function of the patient during the physical
examination?
A. Ask the patient a question such as, "Who were the last three presidents?" B.
Determine the level of consciousness, body posture, and facial expressions.
C. Observe for signs of agitation, anger, or depression during the health check.
D. Request that the patient mimic rapid, alternating movements with both
hands. - ANSWER A
Rationale
Cognition is one component of the mental status examination to determine
cerebral functioning. Cognition is assessed by determining orientation, memory,
general knowledge, insight, judgment, problem solving, and calculation. A
question often used to determine cognition for adults living in the United States
,is, "Who were the last three presidents?" General appearance and behavior is
another component and includes level of consciousness, body posture, and
facial expressions. Mood and affect are assessed by observing for agitation,
anger, or depression. Cerebellar function is determined by assessing balance and
coordination and may include testing rapid alternating movements of the upper
and lower extremities.
The new patient has a diagnosis of frontal lobe dementia. What functional
difficulties should the nurse expect in this patient?
A. The lack of reflexes
B. Endocrine problems
C. Higher cognitive function abnormalities
D. Respiratory, vasomotor, and cardiac dysfunction - ANSWER C
Rationale
Because the frontal lobe is responsible for higher cognitive function, this patient
may have difficulty with memory retention, voluntary eye movements,
voluntary motor movement, and expressive speech. The lack of reflexes would
occur if the patient had problems with the reflex arcs in the spinal cord.
Endocrine problems would be evident if the hypothalamus or pituitary gland
were affected. Respiratory, vasomotor, and cardiac dysfunction would occur if
there were a problem in the medulla.
A nurse is caring for a client post-lumbar puncture who reports a throbbing
headache when sitting upright. Which of the following are appropriate actions
by the nurse:
A. Use Glasgow Coma Scale when assessing the client
B. Assist client to eat meals while lying flat in bed
C. Administer an opioid medication
D. Encourage client to increase fluid intake
E. Place client in a cannonball position - ANSWER B, C, D
Prone position may relieve a headache following lumbar puncture
Maintaing a positive fluid balance may relieve a headache follwoing a lumbar
puncture
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A nurse is caring for a client who experienced a traumatic head injury and has
an intraventricular catheter (ventriculostomy) for ICP monitoring. The nurse
should moniter the client for which of the following complications r/t the
ventriculostomy?
A. Headache
B. Infection
C. Aphasia
D. Hypertension - ANSWER B. Infection
Strict asepsis should be used to avoid this life-threatening condition, which may
result in meningitis.
AND CORRECT ANSWERS | VERIFIED | LATEST
UPDATE 2026/2027 | GRADED A+ | 100 PASS
.
The nurse is caring for a group of well older people at a community day
center.
Which neurologic finding associated with aging would the nurse expect to
find
in older adults?
A. Longer reaction time
B. Improved sense of taste
C. Orthostatic hypotension
D. Hyperactive deep tendon reflexes - ANSWER C
Rationale
Older adults are more likely to experience orthostatic hypotension related to
altered coordination of neuromuscular activity. Other neurologic changes in the
older adult include atrophy of taste buds with decreased sense of taste, below
average reflex score (and diminished deep tendon reflexes), and slowed reaction
times.
The nurse is completing a health assessment for an obese 62-year-old man who
wants to begin a diet and exercise program. Which assessment should the nurse
perform to determine the cognitive function of the patient during the physical
examination?
A. Ask the patient a question such as, "Who were the last three presidents?" B.
Determine the level of consciousness, body posture, and facial expressions.
C. Observe for signs of agitation, anger, or depression during the health check.
D. Request that the patient mimic rapid, alternating movements with both
hands. - ANSWER A
Rationale
Cognition is one component of the mental status examination to determine
cerebral functioning. Cognition is assessed by determining orientation, memory,
general knowledge, insight, judgment, problem solving, and calculation. A
question often used to determine cognition for adults living in the United States
,is, "Who were the last three presidents?" General appearance and behavior is
another component and includes level of consciousness, body posture, and
facial expressions. Mood and affect are assessed by observing for agitation,
anger, or depression. Cerebellar function is determined by assessing balance and
coordination and may include testing rapid alternating movements of the upper
and lower extremities.
The new patient has a diagnosis of frontal lobe dementia. What functional
difficulties should the nurse expect in this patient?
A. The lack of reflexes
B. Endocrine problems
C. Higher cognitive function abnormalities
D. Respiratory, vasomotor, and cardiac dysfunction - ANSWER C
Rationale
Because the frontal lobe is responsible for higher cognitive function, this patient
may have difficulty with memory retention, voluntary eye movements,
voluntary motor movement, and expressive speech. The lack of reflexes would
occur if the patient had problems with the reflex arcs in the spinal cord.
Endocrine problems would be evident if the hypothalamus or pituitary gland
were affected. Respiratory, vasomotor, and cardiac dysfunction would occur if
there were a problem in the medulla.
A nurse is caring for a client post-lumbar puncture who reports a throbbing
headache when sitting upright. Which of the following are appropriate actions
by the nurse:
A. Use Glasgow Coma Scale when assessing the client
B. Assist client to eat meals while lying flat in bed
C. Administer an opioid medication
D. Encourage client to increase fluid intake
E. Place client in a cannonball position - ANSWER B, C, D
Prone position may relieve a headache following lumbar puncture
Maintaing a positive fluid balance may relieve a headache follwoing a lumbar
puncture
, Thank you for Purchasing this exam Study
Guide. We provide high-quality academic
materials to help students excel in exams.
Our other Services include but not limited
to: academic research, University & College
assignments writing, essay writing, Online
Classes, and research projects. Our services
are reliable, affordable, and plagiarism-
free. All the Best in your Exam. For more
information; Contact us at:
or
0R +254
741484450
A nurse is caring for a client who experienced a traumatic head injury and has
an intraventricular catheter (ventriculostomy) for ICP monitoring. The nurse
should moniter the client for which of the following complications r/t the
ventriculostomy?
A. Headache
B. Infection
C. Aphasia
D. Hypertension - ANSWER B. Infection
Strict asepsis should be used to avoid this life-threatening condition, which may
result in meningitis.
