Blood
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1. Which action should be performed B Rationale: The most common cause of fatal transfu-
to avoid the most common cause of sion reactions is type mismatches due to clerical error,
fatal transfusion reactions? administration of blood to the wrong patient, or in-
correct identification of the blood component. Having
A. Establish vascular access. two qualified health care professionals check the blood
B. Have two qualified health care component information and the patient's identification
professionals check the blood com- is the best way to avoid giving the wrong blood prod-
ponent information and the pa- uct to the wrong patient. Vascular access is required
tient's identification. to administer blood products and does not influence
C. Keep the blood refrigerated until transfusion reactions. All blood or blood components
the time of transfusion. that are not used immediately should be returned to the
D. Administer the blood over a blood bank or refrigerated until the time of transfusion
4-hour period. and administered within 4 hours or less, but failure to
adhere to these guidelines is not the most common
cause of fatal transfusion reactions.
2. A patient is being treated for burns. D Rationale: Albumin is used to maintain normal colloid
The transfusionist anticipates ad- oncotic pressure and therefore intravascular volume. It
ministering albumin to achieve does not contain factor VIII, RBCs, or clotting compo-
which goal? nents.
A. Facilitating blood coagulation
B. Restoring factor VIII levels
C. Treating acute hemorrhage
D. Replacing and maintaining in-
travascular volume
3. After running an FFP infusion slow- D. Rationale: Assuming that no transfusion reaction is
ly for the first 15 minutes to watch observed within the first 15 minutes, the transfusionist
for any transfusion reactions, what should reassess vital signs and increase the infusion
should the transfusionist do next? rate as desired. Most blood products, including FFP,
should be infused within 4 hours or less.
, Blood
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jr2wel
A. Complete the infusion over 6
hours.
B. Run the infusion wide open until
completed.
C. Decrease the infusion to a rate of
10 ml/hr.
D. Increase the infusion rate as de-
sired.
4. If a patient develops a skin rash, C. Rationale: Rash, edema, and wheezing are signs of
edema, and wheezing during a an anaphylactic reaction, and the transfusion should be
blood transfusion, what should the stopped immediately. The transfusionist should contin-
transfusionist do? uously monitor the patient while summoning assistance
and anticipating epinephrine administration. The blood
A. Discard the blood bag and tub- bag and tubing should be saved to return to the blood
ing. bank.
B. Decrease the rate of the transfu-
sion.
C. Stop the transfusion immediate-
ly.
D. Reassess the patient in 10 min-
utes.
5. After spiking the blood component B. Rationale: Tapping the filter chamber lightly causes
bag and filling the drip chamber the air bubbles to dissipate as they rise in the drip
to cover the filter, the transfusion- chamber. Blood component is never administered with-
ist observes air bubbles in the drip out a filter or with visible air bubbles in the line. There
chamber. Which action should be is no need to change the entire tubing and waste the
taken next? blood component that is already in it when tapping will
eliminate the problem.
A. Infuse the blood component
with no filter in the line.
, Blood
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B. Tap the filter chamber lightly.
C. Leave the existing air bubbles in
the line.
D. Change the entire tubing.
6. During rapid resuscitation of a trau- D. Rationale: A clogged filter must be changed to facili-
ma patient, the blood filter has be- tate effective blood transfusion. Squeezing the filter and
come clogged. What is the most ap- flushing the IV line do not help unclog the filter. A rapid
propriate intervention? infuser may be used to transfuse blood but does not
help when a filter is clogged.
A. Squeeze the filter.
B. Use a rapid infuser.
C. Flush the IV line with a 0.9% sodi-
um chloride solution.
D. Change the filter.
7. Obtaining IV access is an impor- C. Rationale: When planning to infuse products con-
tant intervention before adminis- taining cellular components (i.e., RBCs or WBCs), a 14-
tering blood products. Which state- to 18-G catheter is used for rapid administration of
ment made by a new nurse indi- product. Elective administration may be given with small
cates understanding of adequate catheters. Needles and IV catheters used for infusion of
IV access? cellular components may be as small as 25-G.
A. "I should not use a 25-G IV
catheter for rapid infusion of cellu-
lar components."
B. "Larger gauge needles are opti-
mal for slow rates of infusion."
C. "I will use a 14- to 18-G IV
catheter for rapid infusion of a cel-
lular component."
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jr2wel
1. Which action should be performed B Rationale: The most common cause of fatal transfu-
to avoid the most common cause of sion reactions is type mismatches due to clerical error,
fatal transfusion reactions? administration of blood to the wrong patient, or in-
correct identification of the blood component. Having
A. Establish vascular access. two qualified health care professionals check the blood
B. Have two qualified health care component information and the patient's identification
professionals check the blood com- is the best way to avoid giving the wrong blood prod-
ponent information and the pa- uct to the wrong patient. Vascular access is required
tient's identification. to administer blood products and does not influence
C. Keep the blood refrigerated until transfusion reactions. All blood or blood components
the time of transfusion. that are not used immediately should be returned to the
D. Administer the blood over a blood bank or refrigerated until the time of transfusion
4-hour period. and administered within 4 hours or less, but failure to
adhere to these guidelines is not the most common
cause of fatal transfusion reactions.
2. A patient is being treated for burns. D Rationale: Albumin is used to maintain normal colloid
The transfusionist anticipates ad- oncotic pressure and therefore intravascular volume. It
ministering albumin to achieve does not contain factor VIII, RBCs, or clotting compo-
which goal? nents.
A. Facilitating blood coagulation
B. Restoring factor VIII levels
C. Treating acute hemorrhage
D. Replacing and maintaining in-
travascular volume
3. After running an FFP infusion slow- D. Rationale: Assuming that no transfusion reaction is
ly for the first 15 minutes to watch observed within the first 15 minutes, the transfusionist
for any transfusion reactions, what should reassess vital signs and increase the infusion
should the transfusionist do next? rate as desired. Most blood products, including FFP,
should be infused within 4 hours or less.
, Blood
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jr2wel
A. Complete the infusion over 6
hours.
B. Run the infusion wide open until
completed.
C. Decrease the infusion to a rate of
10 ml/hr.
D. Increase the infusion rate as de-
sired.
4. If a patient develops a skin rash, C. Rationale: Rash, edema, and wheezing are signs of
edema, and wheezing during a an anaphylactic reaction, and the transfusion should be
blood transfusion, what should the stopped immediately. The transfusionist should contin-
transfusionist do? uously monitor the patient while summoning assistance
and anticipating epinephrine administration. The blood
A. Discard the blood bag and tub- bag and tubing should be saved to return to the blood
ing. bank.
B. Decrease the rate of the transfu-
sion.
C. Stop the transfusion immediate-
ly.
D. Reassess the patient in 10 min-
utes.
5. After spiking the blood component B. Rationale: Tapping the filter chamber lightly causes
bag and filling the drip chamber the air bubbles to dissipate as they rise in the drip
to cover the filter, the transfusion- chamber. Blood component is never administered with-
ist observes air bubbles in the drip out a filter or with visible air bubbles in the line. There
chamber. Which action should be is no need to change the entire tubing and waste the
taken next? blood component that is already in it when tapping will
eliminate the problem.
A. Infuse the blood component
with no filter in the line.
, Blood
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jr2wel
B. Tap the filter chamber lightly.
C. Leave the existing air bubbles in
the line.
D. Change the entire tubing.
6. During rapid resuscitation of a trau- D. Rationale: A clogged filter must be changed to facili-
ma patient, the blood filter has be- tate effective blood transfusion. Squeezing the filter and
come clogged. What is the most ap- flushing the IV line do not help unclog the filter. A rapid
propriate intervention? infuser may be used to transfuse blood but does not
help when a filter is clogged.
A. Squeeze the filter.
B. Use a rapid infuser.
C. Flush the IV line with a 0.9% sodi-
um chloride solution.
D. Change the filter.
7. Obtaining IV access is an impor- C. Rationale: When planning to infuse products con-
tant intervention before adminis- taining cellular components (i.e., RBCs or WBCs), a 14-
tering blood products. Which state- to 18-G catheter is used for rapid administration of
ment made by a new nurse indi- product. Elective administration may be given with small
cates understanding of adequate catheters. Needles and IV catheters used for infusion of
IV access? cellular components may be as small as 25-G.
A. "I should not use a 25-G IV
catheter for rapid infusion of cellu-
lar components."
B. "Larger gauge needles are opti-
mal for slow rates of infusion."
C. "I will use a 14- to 18-G IV
catheter for rapid infusion of a cel-
lular component."
