Georgia Biology EOC (2026/2027) |
Updated Bank | 100% Verified Answers |
A+
• Punnett Square -✓✓a type of grid used to show the gametes of each
parent and their possible offspring; a type of grid that can indicate all the
possible outcomes of a genetic cross
• Phenotype -✓✓The expression of a specific trait based on genetic and
environmental influences.
• Genotype -✓✓the genetic makeup of an organism or group of
organisms with reference to a single trait, set of traits, or an entire
complex of traits.
• Allele -✓✓any of several forms of a gene, usually arising through
mutation, that are responsible for hereditary variation.
• Homozygous -✓✓having identical pairs of genes for any given pair of
hereditary characteristics
• Heterozygous -✓✓having dissimilar pairs of genes for any hereditary
characteristic
,• Dominant Trait -✓✓a trait that will appear in the offspring if one of
the parents contributes it
• Recessive Trait -✓✓a trait that mustt be contributed by both parents in
order to appear in the offspring
• Nondisjunction -✓✓the failure of chromosomes to separate and
segregate into daughter cells at division
• Mutation -✓✓a sudden change different than the parent type in one or
more heritable characteristics, caused by a change in a gene or a
chromosome
• Genetic Engineering -✓✓the development and application of scientific
methods, procedures, and technologies that permit direct manipulation
of genetic material in order to alter the hereditary traits of a cell,
organism, or population
• Recombinant DNA -✓✓DNA in which one or more segments or genes
have been inserted, either naturally or by laboratory manipulation, from
a different molecule or from another part of the same molecule, resulting
in a new genetic combination
• Transcription -✓✓The process by which mRNA is synthesized from a
DNA template resulting in the transfer of genetic information from the
DNA molecule to mRNA
, • Replication -✓✓the process by which exact copies of complex
molecules, such as DNA molecules, that occurs during growth of living
organisms
• Translation -✓✓The process by which mRNA, tRNA, and ribosomes
effect the production of a protein molecule from amino acids, the
specificity of synthesis being controlled by the base sequences of the
mRNA
• Ecosystem -✓✓the interaction of a community of organisms with their
environment
• Producer -✓✓An autotrophic organism that serves as a source of food
for other organisms in a food chain. Producers include green plants,
which produce food through photosynthesis, and certain bacteria that are
capable of converting inorganic substances into food through
chemosynthesis
• Autotroph -✓✓any organism capable of self-nourishment by using
inorganic materials as a source of nutrients and using photosynthesis or
chemosynthesis as a source of energy
• Prokaryote -✓✓any cellular organism that has no nuclear membrane,
no organelles in the cytoplasm except ribosomes, and has its genetic
material in the form of single continuous strands forming coils or loops
Updated Bank | 100% Verified Answers |
A+
• Punnett Square -✓✓a type of grid used to show the gametes of each
parent and their possible offspring; a type of grid that can indicate all the
possible outcomes of a genetic cross
• Phenotype -✓✓The expression of a specific trait based on genetic and
environmental influences.
• Genotype -✓✓the genetic makeup of an organism or group of
organisms with reference to a single trait, set of traits, or an entire
complex of traits.
• Allele -✓✓any of several forms of a gene, usually arising through
mutation, that are responsible for hereditary variation.
• Homozygous -✓✓having identical pairs of genes for any given pair of
hereditary characteristics
• Heterozygous -✓✓having dissimilar pairs of genes for any hereditary
characteristic
,• Dominant Trait -✓✓a trait that will appear in the offspring if one of
the parents contributes it
• Recessive Trait -✓✓a trait that mustt be contributed by both parents in
order to appear in the offspring
• Nondisjunction -✓✓the failure of chromosomes to separate and
segregate into daughter cells at division
• Mutation -✓✓a sudden change different than the parent type in one or
more heritable characteristics, caused by a change in a gene or a
chromosome
• Genetic Engineering -✓✓the development and application of scientific
methods, procedures, and technologies that permit direct manipulation
of genetic material in order to alter the hereditary traits of a cell,
organism, or population
• Recombinant DNA -✓✓DNA in which one or more segments or genes
have been inserted, either naturally or by laboratory manipulation, from
a different molecule or from another part of the same molecule, resulting
in a new genetic combination
• Transcription -✓✓The process by which mRNA is synthesized from a
DNA template resulting in the transfer of genetic information from the
DNA molecule to mRNA
, • Replication -✓✓the process by which exact copies of complex
molecules, such as DNA molecules, that occurs during growth of living
organisms
• Translation -✓✓The process by which mRNA, tRNA, and ribosomes
effect the production of a protein molecule from amino acids, the
specificity of synthesis being controlled by the base sequences of the
mRNA
• Ecosystem -✓✓the interaction of a community of organisms with their
environment
• Producer -✓✓An autotrophic organism that serves as a source of food
for other organisms in a food chain. Producers include green plants,
which produce food through photosynthesis, and certain bacteria that are
capable of converting inorganic substances into food through
chemosynthesis
• Autotroph -✓✓any organism capable of self-nourishment by using
inorganic materials as a source of nutrients and using photosynthesis or
chemosynthesis as a source of energy
• Prokaryote -✓✓any cellular organism that has no nuclear membrane,
no organelles in the cytoplasm except ribosomes, and has its genetic
material in the form of single continuous strands forming coils or loops
