PSYC 101 Exam 1 V2 | PSYC 101 General
Psychology | Actual Q&A with Rationale
(PSYC101 Exam 1) | Portage Learning
1. Who is historically credited with establishing the first laboratory dedicated to psychological
research in 1879?
A. William James
B. Sigmund Freud
C. Wilhelm Wundt
D. John Watson
Correct Answer: C
Wilhelm Wundt is known as the father of psychology because he established the first
official psychology laboratory in Leipzig, Germany. His approach focused on breaking down
mental processes into basic components through objective introspection. This event is
widely considered the birth of psychology as an independent scientific discipline.
2. William James is best known for developing which early school of thought that focused on
how mental activities help an organism fit into its environment?
A. Functionalism
B. Structuralism
C. Behaviorism
,D. Gestalt Psychology
Correct Answer: A
Functionalism was a school of psychology that sought to explain mental processes in a
more systematic and accurate manner. William James was a key leader in this movement,
focusing on the purposes of consciousness rather than just its structure. He was deeply
influenced by Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection.
3. Which of the following are considered major modern perspectives currently utilized within
the field of psychology? (Select all that apply)
A. Biological Perspective
B. Cognitive Perspective
C. Evolutionary Perspective
D. Structuralism
E. Psychodynamic Perspective
F. Functionalism
Correct Answer: A, B, C, E
Modern psychology is characterized by several diverse perspectives including biological,
cognitive, evolutionary, and psychodynamic approaches. Structuralism and functionalism
are considered historical schools of thought rather than modern active perspectives. Each
, modern perspective offers a unique lens through which human behavior and mental
processes are interpreted and studied.
4. In a psychological experiment, the factor that is manipulated by the researcher to see if it
causes a change is known as the:
A. Dependent Variable
B. Confounding Variable
C. Independent Variable
D. Control Variable
Correct Answer: C
The independent variable is the variable that the researcher deliberately changes or
controls in an experiment to test its effects. It is hypothesized to be the cause of any
observed changes in the results. Researchers measure the effect of this manipulation on the
dependent variable.
5. A researcher finds a correlation coefficient of -0.85 between stress levels and job
satisfaction. How should this result be interpreted?
A. There is no relationship between stress and job satisfaction.
B. There is a strong negative correlation between stress and job satisfaction.
C. Stress causes low job satisfaction.
D. There is a weak positive correlation between stress and job satisfaction.
Psychology | Actual Q&A with Rationale
(PSYC101 Exam 1) | Portage Learning
1. Who is historically credited with establishing the first laboratory dedicated to psychological
research in 1879?
A. William James
B. Sigmund Freud
C. Wilhelm Wundt
D. John Watson
Correct Answer: C
Wilhelm Wundt is known as the father of psychology because he established the first
official psychology laboratory in Leipzig, Germany. His approach focused on breaking down
mental processes into basic components through objective introspection. This event is
widely considered the birth of psychology as an independent scientific discipline.
2. William James is best known for developing which early school of thought that focused on
how mental activities help an organism fit into its environment?
A. Functionalism
B. Structuralism
C. Behaviorism
,D. Gestalt Psychology
Correct Answer: A
Functionalism was a school of psychology that sought to explain mental processes in a
more systematic and accurate manner. William James was a key leader in this movement,
focusing on the purposes of consciousness rather than just its structure. He was deeply
influenced by Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection.
3. Which of the following are considered major modern perspectives currently utilized within
the field of psychology? (Select all that apply)
A. Biological Perspective
B. Cognitive Perspective
C. Evolutionary Perspective
D. Structuralism
E. Psychodynamic Perspective
F. Functionalism
Correct Answer: A, B, C, E
Modern psychology is characterized by several diverse perspectives including biological,
cognitive, evolutionary, and psychodynamic approaches. Structuralism and functionalism
are considered historical schools of thought rather than modern active perspectives. Each
, modern perspective offers a unique lens through which human behavior and mental
processes are interpreted and studied.
4. In a psychological experiment, the factor that is manipulated by the researcher to see if it
causes a change is known as the:
A. Dependent Variable
B. Confounding Variable
C. Independent Variable
D. Control Variable
Correct Answer: C
The independent variable is the variable that the researcher deliberately changes or
controls in an experiment to test its effects. It is hypothesized to be the cause of any
observed changes in the results. Researchers measure the effect of this manipulation on the
dependent variable.
5. A researcher finds a correlation coefficient of -0.85 between stress levels and job
satisfaction. How should this result be interpreted?
A. There is no relationship between stress and job satisfaction.
B. There is a strong negative correlation between stress and job satisfaction.
C. Stress causes low job satisfaction.
D. There is a weak positive correlation between stress and job satisfaction.
