HESI A2 Practice Examination Mathematics, Grammar, Vocabulary, Reading Comprehension, Biology, Chemistry, Anatomy & Physiology

HESI A2 Practice Examination Mathematics, Grammar, Vocabulary, Reading Comprehension, Biology, Chemistry, Anatomy & Physiology MATHEMATICS SECTION Question 1 – Dosage Calculation A physician orders 450 mg of a medication that is available in a concentration of 75 mg per 2.5 mL. How many milliliters should the nurse administer? A) 12 mL B) 15 mL C) 18 mL D) 20 mL Correct Answer: B Rationale: Using dimensional analysis: 450 mg × (2.5 mL / 75 mg) = 15 mL. The medication concentration provides the conversion factor needed to determine the required volume. Question 2 – Ratio and Proportion A solution requires a 5:2 ratio of sterile water to medication. If the pharmacy prepares 490 mL of the final solution, how many milliliters of sterile water are needed? A) 140 mL B) 280 mL C) 350 mL D) 400 mL Correct Answer: C Rationale: The ratio 5:2 means 5 parts water and 2 parts medication for 7 total parts. Water needed = (5/7) × 490 mL = 350 mL. Question 3 – Temperature Conversion A patient’s temperature is 38.4°C. What is this temperature in degrees Fahrenheit? A) 99.1°F B) 100.2°F C) 101.1°F D) 102.5°F Correct Answer: C Rationale: Using the conversion formula °F = (°C × 9/5) + 32, (38.4 × 1.8) + 32 = 69.12 + 32 = 101.12°F, which rounds to 101.1°F. Question 4 – IV Infusion Rate A patient is to receive 1,200 mL of IV fluids over 8 hours. The administration set delivers 15 drops per milliliter. What is the required flow rate in drops per minute? A) 25 drops/min B) 30 drops/min C) 35 drops/min D) 37.5 drops/min Correct Answer: D Rationale: Total drops = 1,200 mL × 15 drops/mL = 18,000 drops. Total minutes = 8 hours × 60 minutes = 480 minutes. Flow rate = 18,000 / 480 = 37.5 drops/min. Question 5 – Weight Conversion A patient weighs 198 pounds. The physician requests the weight in kilograms, rounded to the nearest tenth. (Use 1 kg = 2.2 lb) A) 85.0 kg B) 88.2 kg C) 90.0 kg D) 92.5 kg Correct Answer: C Rationale: Weight in kg = 198 lb ÷ 2.2 kg/lb = 90.0 kg. Dividing by 2.2 directly yields the correct kilogram weight. Question 6 – Medication Calculation A patient requires 1.5 mg of a medication per kilogram of body weight. The patient weighs 72 kg. The medication is available as 4 mg per 2 mL. How many milliliters should be administered? A) 27 mL B) 36 mL C) 45 mL D) 54 mL Correct Answer: D Rationale: Total dose = 1.5 mg/kg × 72 kg = 108 mg. Volume = 108 mg × (2 mL / 4 mg) = 54 mL. Question 7 – Fluid Intake Calculation A patient is instructed to drink 2,000 mL of fluid daily. By noon, the patient has consumed 3 cups of water, 240 mL of juice, and 120 mL of broth. If 1 cup = 240 mL, how many additional milliliters must the patient consume to meet the daily goal? A) 480 mL B) 520 mL C) 560 mL D) 600 mL Correct Answer: A Rationale: Water consumed = 3 cups × 240 mL = 720 mL. Total consumed = 720 + 240 + 120 = 1,080 mL. Remaining = 2,000 – 1,080 = 920 mL. Question 8 – Tablet Calculation A patient is prescribed 1¾ tablets twice daily for 14 days. How many tablets must the pharmacy dispense to ensure the patient has enough medication? A) 40 tablets B) 45 tablets C) 49 tablets D) 56 tablets Correct Answer: C Rationale: Daily dose = 1.75 tablets × 2 doses = 3.5 tablets daily. Total = 3.5 × 14 days = 49 tablets. Question 9 – Average Rate Calculation A medication is infused over 5 hours. The total volume is 750 mL. If the infusion rate is maintained at a constant rate, how many milliliters are delivered per hour? A) 100 mL/hr B) 125 mL/hr C) 150 mL/hr D) 175 mL/hr Correct Answer: C Rationale: Average rate = total volume ÷ total time = 750 mL ÷ 5 hours = 150 mL/hr. Question 10 – Supplies Calculation A clinic orders examination gloves in boxes containing 200 gloves each. If 15 nurses each use 145 gloves during a week, and the clinic started with 20 boxes, how many gloves remain? A) 1,250 gloves B) 1,450 gloves C) 1,650 gloves D) 1,825 gloves Correct Answer: D Rationale: Initial gloves = 20 × 200 = 4,000 gloves. Used = 15 × 145 = 2,175 gloves. Remaining = 4,000 – 2,175 = 1,825 gloves. Question 11 – Fraction Operations A recipe requires 3¾ cups of flour. If a baker has already added 1⅔ cups, how much more flour is needed? A) 1¹/₁₂ cups B) 2¹/₁₂ cups C) 2³/₄ cups D) 3¹/₆ cups Correct Answer: B Rationale: Convert to improper fractions: 3¾ = 15/4, 1⅔ = 5/3. Common denominator 12: 45/12 – 20/12 = 25/12 = 2¹/₁₂ cups. Question 12 – Percentage Calculation A patient receives a 15% discount on their medication. The original price was $240. What is the discounted price? A) $180 B) $192 C) $204 D) $210 Correct Answer: C Rationale: Discount amount = 0.15 × $240 = $36. Discounted price = $240 - $36 = $204. Question 13 – Time Calculation A nurse begins a shift at 6:45 AM and completes medication rounds for all patients. The rounds take 4 hours and 20 minutes, followed by a 45-minute documentation period. At what time does the nurse finish documentation? A) 11:50 AM B) 12:05 PM C) 12:20 PM D) 12:50 PM Correct Answer: D Rationale: Start 6:45 AM + 4 hours 20 minutes = 11:05 AM. Add 45 minutes = 11:50 AM. Question 14 – Dosage Calculation A medication is ordered at 0.25 mg/kg/day divided into two equal doses. The patient weighs 80 kg. How many milligrams should each dose contain? A) 8 mg B) 10 mg C) 12 mg D) 15 mg Correct Answer: B Rationale: Total daily dose = 0.25 mg/kg × 80 kg = 20 mg. Each dose = 20 mg ÷ 2 = 10 mg. Question 15 – Concentration Calculation A solution contains 25% dextrose. How many grams of dextrose are present in 500 mL of this solution? A) 100 g B) 125 g C) 150 g D) 175 g Correct Answer: B Rationale: 25% solution means 25 g per 100 mL. In 500 mL: 25 g × (500/100) = 125 g. GRAMMAR SECTION Question 16 – Subject-Verb Agreement The nursing staff, along with the attending physician, _____ in agreement with the treatment plan. A) is B) are C) was D) were Correct Answer: A Rationale: The subject “nursing staff” is singular in this context, referring to the group as a unit. Phrases introduced by “along with” do not change the number of the subject. Question 17 – Pronoun Case The medication was prescribed for _____ and the other patient. A) he B) him C) his D) himself Correct Answer: B Rationale: “Him” is the objective case pronoun, correctly used as the object of the preposition “for” along with the compound object. Question 18 – Verb Tense The patient _____ in the intensive care unit for three days when the attending physician ordered the new medication. A) has been B) had been C) was D) is Correct Answer: B Rationale: The past perfect tense is required to indicate that the duration of three days occurred before the physician’s action in the past. Question 19 – Subject-Verb Agreement Every one of the medications _____ been administered according to protocol. A) have B) has C) were D) are Correct Answer: B Rationale: Indefinite pronouns like “every one” are singular and require singular verbs. The subject is “Every one,” not the plural “medications.”