EMT: Commonly Missed Questions
and Answers
Diffusion is the process by which gases move between the alveoli and which of the
following? - ANSWER-Pulmonary capillaries
Inspiration is a/an ________ process causing a _______ pressure in the pleural space -
ANSWER-Active/negative
Expiration is a/an ________ process causing a _______ pressure in the pleural space?
- ANSWER-Passive/positive
A lower airway obstruction occurs in what anatomical structure - ANSWER-Bronchioles
Hypopharynx - ANSWER-tongue (upper)
oropharynx - ANSWER-central portion of the pharynx between the roof of the mouth
and the upper edge of the epiglottis (Upper)
You respond to a patient who stated he was woken from a sound sleep with shortness
of breath. Your assessment finds a BP of 180/100, pulse 116, respirations 36 and a
pulse oximeter reading of 87%. Lung sounds reveal crackles in the bases. You suspect
this patient to be suffering from? - ANSWER-Congestive heart failure- This patient is
presenting with classic signs/symptoms of congestive heart failure. Most patients
present with shortness of breath, elevated BP and lung sounds with crackles. A lot of
patients will have shortness of breath after laying flat while sleeping.
A 2-year-old child is choking on a piece of her mother's jewelry and her airway is
severely obstructed. The proper maneuver to relieve the obstruction is to? - ANSWER-
Deliver 5 back blows followed by 5 chest thrusts
What is the key difference between preeclampsia and eclampsia? - ANSWER-The most
significant difference between preeclampsia and eclampsia is seizures. Seizures occur
during eclampsia rather than in preeclampsia due to the high levels of proteins.
Where is the urethra meatus located in a female? - ANSWER-The external urethral
opening (urethral meatus) is located between the clitoris and the vagina.
START triage - ANSWER-A patient sorting process that stands for Simple Triage And
Rapid Treatment and uses a limited assessment of the patient's ability to walk,
respiratory status, hemodynamic status, and neurologic status.\--> Using START triage,
, you have four categories: minor (green), delayed (yellow), immediate (red), and
deceased (black). The main thing to know with this patient is that they're unconscious,
which gets them an "Immediate" status. Don't be lulled into trickery of their airway
improving. They're unconscious, they're immediate.
Nonmaleficence - ANSWER-duty to do no harm
Preload is an important term in cardiology that refers to? - ANSWER-The force exerted
on the ventricle walls at the end of diastole
Orthostatic hypotension - ANSWER-low blood pressure that occurs upon standing up
body's integumentary system? - ANSWER-Skin, hair, nails, sweat glands
CO's affinity for hemoglobin compared to oxygen is ________ times greater? -
ANSWER-200X GREATER
What is the large opening in the base of the skull where the spinal cord enters? -
ANSWER-Foramen magnum
In which order should you immobilize a patient to a long spinal board? - ANSWER-torso
first
You are called to the scene of a rock climbing accident. At the base of the cliff, you find
a patient unresponsive and lying on her back. Bystanders tell you she fell on her head
from about 35 feet. To assess the patient's airway you should? - ANSWER-Due to the
mechanism of injury you should suspect a possible cervical spine injury. Therefore, the
patient's head should be stabilized and not tilted. (Use both hands and thrust the
patient's jaw forward)
In regards to bone anatomy, what is located at each end of the diaphysis? - ANSWER-
The epiphysis is an area at each end of the diaphysis (shaft portion of the bone) that is
made of spongy bone. Spongy bone helps to lighten the bone and also houses red
bone marrow.
While performing chest compressions, where do you want to ensure your hands are
located? - ANSWER-The lower half of the breastbone
You are on scene with a 23-year-old female with a femur fracture. She is 5'2" and
weighs 130 lbs. When using the Sager splint, what force should be applied? -
ANSWER-When applying a Sager traction splint, you should pull traction until you have
achieved 10% of the patient's body weight, up to 15 pounds. The patient in this question
weighs 130 pounds. Divide that by 10 to get 13 pounds.
When in utero, the alveoli in a fetus' lungs are filled with? - ANSWER-Fetal lung fluid
and Answers
Diffusion is the process by which gases move between the alveoli and which of the
following? - ANSWER-Pulmonary capillaries
Inspiration is a/an ________ process causing a _______ pressure in the pleural space -
ANSWER-Active/negative
Expiration is a/an ________ process causing a _______ pressure in the pleural space?
- ANSWER-Passive/positive
A lower airway obstruction occurs in what anatomical structure - ANSWER-Bronchioles
Hypopharynx - ANSWER-tongue (upper)
oropharynx - ANSWER-central portion of the pharynx between the roof of the mouth
and the upper edge of the epiglottis (Upper)
You respond to a patient who stated he was woken from a sound sleep with shortness
of breath. Your assessment finds a BP of 180/100, pulse 116, respirations 36 and a
pulse oximeter reading of 87%. Lung sounds reveal crackles in the bases. You suspect
this patient to be suffering from? - ANSWER-Congestive heart failure- This patient is
presenting with classic signs/symptoms of congestive heart failure. Most patients
present with shortness of breath, elevated BP and lung sounds with crackles. A lot of
patients will have shortness of breath after laying flat while sleeping.
A 2-year-old child is choking on a piece of her mother's jewelry and her airway is
severely obstructed. The proper maneuver to relieve the obstruction is to? - ANSWER-
Deliver 5 back blows followed by 5 chest thrusts
What is the key difference between preeclampsia and eclampsia? - ANSWER-The most
significant difference between preeclampsia and eclampsia is seizures. Seizures occur
during eclampsia rather than in preeclampsia due to the high levels of proteins.
Where is the urethra meatus located in a female? - ANSWER-The external urethral
opening (urethral meatus) is located between the clitoris and the vagina.
START triage - ANSWER-A patient sorting process that stands for Simple Triage And
Rapid Treatment and uses a limited assessment of the patient's ability to walk,
respiratory status, hemodynamic status, and neurologic status.\--> Using START triage,
, you have four categories: minor (green), delayed (yellow), immediate (red), and
deceased (black). The main thing to know with this patient is that they're unconscious,
which gets them an "Immediate" status. Don't be lulled into trickery of their airway
improving. They're unconscious, they're immediate.
Nonmaleficence - ANSWER-duty to do no harm
Preload is an important term in cardiology that refers to? - ANSWER-The force exerted
on the ventricle walls at the end of diastole
Orthostatic hypotension - ANSWER-low blood pressure that occurs upon standing up
body's integumentary system? - ANSWER-Skin, hair, nails, sweat glands
CO's affinity for hemoglobin compared to oxygen is ________ times greater? -
ANSWER-200X GREATER
What is the large opening in the base of the skull where the spinal cord enters? -
ANSWER-Foramen magnum
In which order should you immobilize a patient to a long spinal board? - ANSWER-torso
first
You are called to the scene of a rock climbing accident. At the base of the cliff, you find
a patient unresponsive and lying on her back. Bystanders tell you she fell on her head
from about 35 feet. To assess the patient's airway you should? - ANSWER-Due to the
mechanism of injury you should suspect a possible cervical spine injury. Therefore, the
patient's head should be stabilized and not tilted. (Use both hands and thrust the
patient's jaw forward)
In regards to bone anatomy, what is located at each end of the diaphysis? - ANSWER-
The epiphysis is an area at each end of the diaphysis (shaft portion of the bone) that is
made of spongy bone. Spongy bone helps to lighten the bone and also houses red
bone marrow.
While performing chest compressions, where do you want to ensure your hands are
located? - ANSWER-The lower half of the breastbone
You are on scene with a 23-year-old female with a femur fracture. She is 5'2" and
weighs 130 lbs. When using the Sager splint, what force should be applied? -
ANSWER-When applying a Sager traction splint, you should pull traction until you have
achieved 10% of the patient's body weight, up to 15 pounds. The patient in this question
weighs 130 pounds. Divide that by 10 to get 13 pounds.
When in utero, the alveoli in a fetus' lungs are filled with? - ANSWER-Fetal lung fluid
