TEST BANK FOR COGNITION EXPLORING THE SCIENCE OF THE MIND, 7TH EDITION, DANIEL REISBERG

, CHAPTER 1: The Science of the Mind
LEARNING OBJECTIVES

1.1. Describe the scope and goals of cognitive psychology.
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1.2. Understand the case of H.M., and the many ways that memory influences our lives.
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1.3. Describe the limitations of introspection as a method for scientific inquiry.
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1.4. Compare and contrast classical (Watsonian) behaviorismvand cognitive psychology.
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1.5. Kant’s “transcendental method” is sometimes called “inference to best explanation.” Explainvthis methodvand how itworks.
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1.6. Describe the role, invthe emergence of cognitive psychology, that was played by computervscience and the
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develop-ment of “computer intelligence.”
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MULTIPLE CHOICE nm




1. Whichvof the following topics is NOT commonly studied within cognitive psychology?
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a. anger c. memory
management
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d. Attention
b. decision making nm




ANS: n m A DIF: Easy REF:
The Scopevof Cognitive Psychology OBJ:1.1 MSC: Understanding
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2. Cognitive processes are NOT necessaryvforv whichvdaily activity?
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a. readingva c. talking on the phone nm nm nm

nmnewspaper
d. breathing
b. studying for a test nm nm nm




ANS: n m D DIF: Easy REF: The Scope of Cognitive nm nm nm

Psychology
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OBJ: 1.1 MSC: Applying

3. Alyssa wants to be a psychologist but is unsure whichvtopic within psychology most interests her.
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Which of the following topics would be LEAST likely to lead her into cognitive psychology?
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a. amnesia c. Lyme disease nm



b. language d. problem-solvingvstrategies
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,ANS: nm C DIF: Easy REF:
The Scopevof Cognitive Psychology OBJ:1.1 MSC: Applying
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4. Consider the sequence “Betsy wanted to bring Jacob avpresent. She shook her piggy bank.” Most
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people, after he aring this sequence, believe Betsy was checking her piggy bank to see if she hadvmoney to spend
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on the gift. This inference about B etsy’s goals depends on the fact that
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a. our previous knowledge fills in background information whenever we’re understanding an
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event or conversation.
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b. readers are likely to know someone named Jacob.
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c. English, unlike other languages, requires speakers to mention all of the people
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involved invan event.
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d. the individual sentencesvare short.
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ANS: n m A DIF: Easy REF:
The Broad Role for Memory OBJ:
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5. Which of the following statements is LEAST likely to apply to patient H.M.?
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a. “He cannot remember what he didvearlier today, including events that took place just an hour ago.”
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b. “He read this story last month, but he was still surprised by how the story turned out.”
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c. “Even though he has encountered the nurse many times, he is still unable to recognize her.”
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d. “He remembered that it was only a week ago that he’d heardvthe sad news that his uncle had died.”
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ANS: n m D DIF: Moderate REF:
Amnesia and Memory Loss OBJ: nm nm nm nm 1.2 MSC: Applying nm




6. Research with H.M. provides an illustrationvfor which major themevof the chapter?
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a. Introspection is anvimportant research tool forvcognitive psychologists.
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b. Cognitive psychology can help us understand a wide range of activities that depend on
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someone’s ability to remember.
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c. Memory is not very important.
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d. The disruptionvcaused by brain damage depends on how widespread the damage is, and
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not onvthe specific sites that are damaged.
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ANS: n m n m B DIF: Moderate REF: The Scopevof Cognitive nm nm

Psychology
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OBJ: 1.2 MSC: Evaluating

7. Patients suffering fromvclinical amnesia are characterizedvby
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a. memory dysfunction. nm c. inarticulatevspeech.
b. anvinability to recognize nm nm d. impairedvlanguage comprehension. nm

patterns.
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ANS: n m A DIF: Easy REF:
Amnesia andvMemory Loss OBJ: nm nm nm 1.2 MSC: Remembering nm




8. The termv“introspection” refers to the
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a. process by which one individual seeks tovinfer thevthoughts of another individual.
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b. procedure of examining thought processingvby monitoring the brain’s electrical activity.
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, c. process of each person looking within, to observe his orvher ownvthoughts andvideas.
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d. technique of studying thought by interpreting the symbols used invcommunication.
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ANS: n m C DIF: Easy REF:
The Limitsvof Introspection OBJ:
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9. Aparticipant is asked to look within himself orvherself and report onvhis or her own mental processes. This
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method
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is called
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a. logical c. introspection.
inference.
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nm d.
b. reconstruction.


ANS: n m C DIF: Easy REF:
The Limits of Introspection OBJ:
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10. Of the following, introspection is LEAST useful for studying
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a. topics that are strongly coloredvby emotion.
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b. mental events that are unconscious.
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c. processes that involve conceptual knowledge.
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d. events that take a long time to unfold.
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ANS: n m B DIF: Moderate REF:
The Limitsvof Introspection OBJ:
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11. Whichvof the following statementsvabout introspection is FALSE?
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a. It is the onlyvway to observe conscious events directly.
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b. It is subjective.
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c. It provides strong evidence for hypothesis-testing.
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d. It was a technique used historically to study cognition.
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ANS: n m C DIF: Moderate REF:
The Limits of Introspection OBJ:
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12. Genie wonders why shevcan never remember the names of new acquaintances. In search of an answer, she
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examines and reflects on hervfeelings about meeting new people. Genie is engaged invwhich process?
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a. practical c. learning history analysisnm nm

rehearsal
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d. goal retrieval
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b. introspection



ANS: n m B DIF: Moderate REF:
The Limitsvof Introspection OBJ:
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13. Introspection was employed as a research tool in the late 1800s because
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a. it was regarded as the only way to observe the mind’s contents directly.
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b. it providedvdata from individuals without any specialized training.
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c. consciousvevents are just as important as unconscious events.
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