BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR COGNITIVE
NEUROSCIENCE 2026 MEMORY AND
LEARNING MECHANISMS REVIEW
QUESTIONS SOLUTIONS PROFESSIONAL
GUIDE
◉ What is Wernicke's area responsible for?
Answer: Speech comprehension.
◉ What is the outcome of Wernicke's aphasia?
Answer: Patients produce fluent but meaningless speech with
impaired comprehension.
◉ What does the Wernicke-Geschwind model describe?
Answer: The process of creating meaningful speech involving
Wernicke's and Broca's areas.
◉ What metaphor was prominent in 20th-century psychology?
Answer: The brain-as-computer metaphor.
◉ What is the focus of modern cognitive neuroscience?
, Answer: Studying brain structure and function non-invasively in
living humans.
◉ What are the key factors that differentiate methods in cognitive
neuroscience?
Answer: 1) Scale of analysis, 2) Type of explanation, 3) Property
measured, 4) Temporal resolution, 5) Spatial resolution.
◉ What challenge does Krakauer et al. (2017) present to cognitive
neuroscience?
Answer: The idea that natural behaviors can be understood only by
studying the neural circuits that produce them.
◉ What analogy is made between computer software and hardware
in cognitive neuroscience?
Answer: Functionalism: software is 'what' the brain is doing,
hardware is 'how' the brain is doing it.
◉ What did Jonas & Kording (2017) find regarding lesioning a
microprocessor?
Answer: It was not possible to recover information on how the
system is structured by observing behavior.
◉ What does the term 'experience-dependent plasticity' refer to?
NEUROSCIENCE 2026 MEMORY AND
LEARNING MECHANISMS REVIEW
QUESTIONS SOLUTIONS PROFESSIONAL
GUIDE
◉ What is Wernicke's area responsible for?
Answer: Speech comprehension.
◉ What is the outcome of Wernicke's aphasia?
Answer: Patients produce fluent but meaningless speech with
impaired comprehension.
◉ What does the Wernicke-Geschwind model describe?
Answer: The process of creating meaningful speech involving
Wernicke's and Broca's areas.
◉ What metaphor was prominent in 20th-century psychology?
Answer: The brain-as-computer metaphor.
◉ What is the focus of modern cognitive neuroscience?
, Answer: Studying brain structure and function non-invasively in
living humans.
◉ What are the key factors that differentiate methods in cognitive
neuroscience?
Answer: 1) Scale of analysis, 2) Type of explanation, 3) Property
measured, 4) Temporal resolution, 5) Spatial resolution.
◉ What challenge does Krakauer et al. (2017) present to cognitive
neuroscience?
Answer: The idea that natural behaviors can be understood only by
studying the neural circuits that produce them.
◉ What analogy is made between computer software and hardware
in cognitive neuroscience?
Answer: Functionalism: software is 'what' the brain is doing,
hardware is 'how' the brain is doing it.
◉ What did Jonas & Kording (2017) find regarding lesioning a
microprocessor?
Answer: It was not possible to recover information on how the
system is structured by observing behavior.
◉ What does the term 'experience-dependent plasticity' refer to?
