Fundamentals of Nursing
2023/222024
origination of the word "nurse" - ansfrom the latin word "nutrix" meaning to nourish
Interrelated roles of nurses - anscommunicator, teacher, counselor, leader, researcher,
advocate, collaborator
coping with disability and death - ansnurses use optimal function of maximum strengths
and potentials, refer to community support systems; provide care to families and
patients during end-of-life care, hospice
The Nursing Process - ans-one of major guidelines for nursing practice
-helps nurses implement their roles
-integrates art and science of nursing
-allows nurses to use critical thinking and clinical reasoning
-defines the areas of care that are within the domain of nursing
Nurse Practice Acts - ans-define legal scope of nursing practice
-create state board of nursing to make and enforce rules and regulation
-define important terms and activities in nursing, including legal requirements and titles
for RNs and LPNs
- established criteria for the education and licensure of nurses
5 vital signs - ansrespirations, pulse rate, blood pressure, temperature, and pain
Nursing is recognized as profession based on what criteria - ans-well defined body
specific and unique knowledge
-strong service orientation
-recognized authority by a professional group (ANA)
-code of ethics
-professional organization that sets standards
-ongoing research
-autonomy and self-regulation
Florence Nightingale - ansdefined nursing as both an art and science, differentiated
nursing from medicine, created freestanding nursing education, published books;
founder of modern nursing
Clara Barton - ansestablished red cross; volunteered to care for wounds and feed union
soldiers during civil war; served as supervisor of nurses for the army of James
sources of knowledge - ans-traditional ( passed down from generation to generation)
, -authoritative- comes from an expert, accepted as truth based on person's perceived
expertise
-scientific (obtained through the scientific method-research)
objective - ansyou can see the object
subjective - anscoming from that subject
types of knowledge - ans-science (observing, identifying, describing, investigating, and
explaining events and occurences that are perceived in world)
-philosophy (the study of wisdom, fundamental knowledge, and the processes used to
develop and construct on perception on life)
-process (a series of actions, changes, or functions intended to bring about a desired
result)
goals of nursing research - ans-improve care in clinical setting
-study ppl and nurse process: education, policy development, ethics, nursing history
-develop greater autonomy and strength as a profession
-provide evidence-based nursing practice
deductive reasoning - ansexamines a general idea and then considers specific actions
or ideas
inductive reasoning - ansone builds from specific ideas or actions to conclusions about
general ideas
health - ansa state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the
absence of disease or infirmity
illness - ansthe unique response of a person to a disease; an abnormal process
involving changed level of functioning
wellness - ansan active state of being healthy by living a lifestyle promoting good
physical, mental, and emotional health
nursing theory - ansdifferentiates nursing from other disciplines and activities in that it
serves the purposes of describing, explaining, predicting, and controlling desired
outcomes of nursing care practices
evidence-based practice (EBP) - ansa problem-solving approach to making clinical
decisions, using the best evidence available; blends both science and art of nursing so
best outcomes are achieved; may consist of specific nursing interventions or use
guidelines established for the care of patients
steps in implementing EBP - ansStep 1: ask a question about a clinical area of interest
or an intervention
2023/222024
origination of the word "nurse" - ansfrom the latin word "nutrix" meaning to nourish
Interrelated roles of nurses - anscommunicator, teacher, counselor, leader, researcher,
advocate, collaborator
coping with disability and death - ansnurses use optimal function of maximum strengths
and potentials, refer to community support systems; provide care to families and
patients during end-of-life care, hospice
The Nursing Process - ans-one of major guidelines for nursing practice
-helps nurses implement their roles
-integrates art and science of nursing
-allows nurses to use critical thinking and clinical reasoning
-defines the areas of care that are within the domain of nursing
Nurse Practice Acts - ans-define legal scope of nursing practice
-create state board of nursing to make and enforce rules and regulation
-define important terms and activities in nursing, including legal requirements and titles
for RNs and LPNs
- established criteria for the education and licensure of nurses
5 vital signs - ansrespirations, pulse rate, blood pressure, temperature, and pain
Nursing is recognized as profession based on what criteria - ans-well defined body
specific and unique knowledge
-strong service orientation
-recognized authority by a professional group (ANA)
-code of ethics
-professional organization that sets standards
-ongoing research
-autonomy and self-regulation
Florence Nightingale - ansdefined nursing as both an art and science, differentiated
nursing from medicine, created freestanding nursing education, published books;
founder of modern nursing
Clara Barton - ansestablished red cross; volunteered to care for wounds and feed union
soldiers during civil war; served as supervisor of nurses for the army of James
sources of knowledge - ans-traditional ( passed down from generation to generation)
, -authoritative- comes from an expert, accepted as truth based on person's perceived
expertise
-scientific (obtained through the scientific method-research)
objective - ansyou can see the object
subjective - anscoming from that subject
types of knowledge - ans-science (observing, identifying, describing, investigating, and
explaining events and occurences that are perceived in world)
-philosophy (the study of wisdom, fundamental knowledge, and the processes used to
develop and construct on perception on life)
-process (a series of actions, changes, or functions intended to bring about a desired
result)
goals of nursing research - ans-improve care in clinical setting
-study ppl and nurse process: education, policy development, ethics, nursing history
-develop greater autonomy and strength as a profession
-provide evidence-based nursing practice
deductive reasoning - ansexamines a general idea and then considers specific actions
or ideas
inductive reasoning - ansone builds from specific ideas or actions to conclusions about
general ideas
health - ansa state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the
absence of disease or infirmity
illness - ansthe unique response of a person to a disease; an abnormal process
involving changed level of functioning
wellness - ansan active state of being healthy by living a lifestyle promoting good
physical, mental, and emotional health
nursing theory - ansdifferentiates nursing from other disciplines and activities in that it
serves the purposes of describing, explaining, predicting, and controlling desired
outcomes of nursing care practices
evidence-based practice (EBP) - ansa problem-solving approach to making clinical
decisions, using the best evidence available; blends both science and art of nursing so
best outcomes are achieved; may consist of specific nursing interventions or use
guidelines established for the care of patients
steps in implementing EBP - ansStep 1: ask a question about a clinical area of interest
or an intervention
