ASM 275 UPDATED EXAMS TEST PAPER QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔livor mortis - ✔✔discoloration of body due to setting of blood and other bodily fluids.
1-2hrs-apparent; 3-4hrs- well developed; 8-12hrs- fixed due to coagulation
✔✔bone weathering - ✔✔A bone left lying outside will eventually disintegrate
-determine the age of younger bones by studying the state of decomposition of the
body, and the types of insects swarming the scene
✔✔ What is a forensic anthropologist, and what do they do? (Lecture 2, Davis and
Halla-Borrelli article)) - ✔✔Deals with skeletonized or decomposed remains for the
purpose of aiding in a legal investigation.
✔✔Nominal - ✔✔discrete and discontinuous data that are classified according to some
qualitative measure that cannot be placed in a specific order
✔✔ordinal - ✔✔discrete data that can be ranked, counted, and ordered, but not
measured
✔✔interval - ✔✔continuous scale data that are ordered, quantified, and with exact
differences between the values (it is known).
, -0 does not mean the absence of the feature being measured, but instead represents
the arbitrary value.
✔✔ratio - ✔✔ordered, quantified, exact known differences between values.
-Has absolute value that is meaningful and not arbitrarily determined. height , weight,
head size that can be measured are ratio scale data.
✔✔accuracy - ✔✔is closeness of the measurements to a specific value
✔✔percision - ✔✔is the closeness of the measurements to each other
✔✔intra-observer error - ✔✔precision of data recorded by the same observer
-Humidity, lighting conditions, temperature, observer mood, and tool failure/ calibration
can increase this.
✔✔Inter-observer error - ✔✔error resulting in the accuracy of data recorded by different
observers
-Observer experience, use of measuring equipment that may be calibrated differently,
use of different measurement definitions, and training methods can increase this
✔✔Metadata - ✔✔data that describes other data, doesnt relate
✔✔Incisors - ✔✔biting teeth in front - 8 total
✔✔canine - ✔✔next to inscisors - 4 total
✔✔premolars - ✔✔next to canine - 8 total
✔✔molars - ✔✔next to premolars - 12 total
✔✔deciduous - ✔✔baby teeth
✔✔permanent dentition - ✔✔adult teeth (32)
✔✔Enamel - ✔✔hard, outermost layer of a tooth
✔✔dentin - ✔✔Dense tissue forming the bulk of a tooth.
✔✔pulp chamber - ✔✔soft area within the center of the tooth and contains the nerve,
blood vessels, and connective tissue
✔✔Ostology - ✔✔Study of bones
✔✔collagen - ✔✔protein component
AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔livor mortis - ✔✔discoloration of body due to setting of blood and other bodily fluids.
1-2hrs-apparent; 3-4hrs- well developed; 8-12hrs- fixed due to coagulation
✔✔bone weathering - ✔✔A bone left lying outside will eventually disintegrate
-determine the age of younger bones by studying the state of decomposition of the
body, and the types of insects swarming the scene
✔✔ What is a forensic anthropologist, and what do they do? (Lecture 2, Davis and
Halla-Borrelli article)) - ✔✔Deals with skeletonized or decomposed remains for the
purpose of aiding in a legal investigation.
✔✔Nominal - ✔✔discrete and discontinuous data that are classified according to some
qualitative measure that cannot be placed in a specific order
✔✔ordinal - ✔✔discrete data that can be ranked, counted, and ordered, but not
measured
✔✔interval - ✔✔continuous scale data that are ordered, quantified, and with exact
differences between the values (it is known).
, -0 does not mean the absence of the feature being measured, but instead represents
the arbitrary value.
✔✔ratio - ✔✔ordered, quantified, exact known differences between values.
-Has absolute value that is meaningful and not arbitrarily determined. height , weight,
head size that can be measured are ratio scale data.
✔✔accuracy - ✔✔is closeness of the measurements to a specific value
✔✔percision - ✔✔is the closeness of the measurements to each other
✔✔intra-observer error - ✔✔precision of data recorded by the same observer
-Humidity, lighting conditions, temperature, observer mood, and tool failure/ calibration
can increase this.
✔✔Inter-observer error - ✔✔error resulting in the accuracy of data recorded by different
observers
-Observer experience, use of measuring equipment that may be calibrated differently,
use of different measurement definitions, and training methods can increase this
✔✔Metadata - ✔✔data that describes other data, doesnt relate
✔✔Incisors - ✔✔biting teeth in front - 8 total
✔✔canine - ✔✔next to inscisors - 4 total
✔✔premolars - ✔✔next to canine - 8 total
✔✔molars - ✔✔next to premolars - 12 total
✔✔deciduous - ✔✔baby teeth
✔✔permanent dentition - ✔✔adult teeth (32)
✔✔Enamel - ✔✔hard, outermost layer of a tooth
✔✔dentin - ✔✔Dense tissue forming the bulk of a tooth.
✔✔pulp chamber - ✔✔soft area within the center of the tooth and contains the nerve,
blood vessels, and connective tissue
✔✔Ostology - ✔✔Study of bones
✔✔collagen - ✔✔protein component
