BIOS 252 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY II
WITH LAB COMP EXAM 2026
COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE SOLVED
QUESTION SET
◉ Vertebrae. Answer: Bones protecting the spinal cord.
◉ CSF. Answer: Cerebrospinal fluid cushioning the spinal cord.
◉ Meninges. Answer: Three protective layers surrounding the spinal
cord.
◉ Dura Mater. Answer: Outermost and thickest meningeal layer.
◉ Arachnoid Mater. Answer: Middle meningeal layer, attached to dura.
◉ Sub-arachnoid Space. Answer: CSF-filled space for lumbar punctures.
◉ Pia Mater. Answer: Deepest meningeal layer on brain surface.
◉ Conus Medularis. Answer: Spinal cord termination around L1/L2.
, ◉ Cauda Equina. Answer: Bundle of nerves below conus medularis.
◉ Filum Terminale. Answer: Extension of pia mater to coccyx.
◉ Grey Matter. Answer: Contains nerve cell bodies in spinal cord.
◉ White Matter. Answer: Myelinated axons organized into tracts.
◉ Anterior Horn. Answer: Contains motor cell bodies in grey matter.
◉ Posterior Horn. Answer: Contains sensory nerve cell bodies.
◉ Lateral Horn. Answer: Contains autonomic nerve cell bodies.
◉ Funiculus. Answer: Region of specialized white matter in spinal cord.
◉ Ascending Tracts. Answer: Carry sensory information to the brain.
◉ Descending Tracts. Answer: Carry motor information from the brain.
◉ Upper Motor Neuron. Answer: Neuron originating in
cortex/brainstem.
WITH LAB COMP EXAM 2026
COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE SOLVED
QUESTION SET
◉ Vertebrae. Answer: Bones protecting the spinal cord.
◉ CSF. Answer: Cerebrospinal fluid cushioning the spinal cord.
◉ Meninges. Answer: Three protective layers surrounding the spinal
cord.
◉ Dura Mater. Answer: Outermost and thickest meningeal layer.
◉ Arachnoid Mater. Answer: Middle meningeal layer, attached to dura.
◉ Sub-arachnoid Space. Answer: CSF-filled space for lumbar punctures.
◉ Pia Mater. Answer: Deepest meningeal layer on brain surface.
◉ Conus Medularis. Answer: Spinal cord termination around L1/L2.
, ◉ Cauda Equina. Answer: Bundle of nerves below conus medularis.
◉ Filum Terminale. Answer: Extension of pia mater to coccyx.
◉ Grey Matter. Answer: Contains nerve cell bodies in spinal cord.
◉ White Matter. Answer: Myelinated axons organized into tracts.
◉ Anterior Horn. Answer: Contains motor cell bodies in grey matter.
◉ Posterior Horn. Answer: Contains sensory nerve cell bodies.
◉ Lateral Horn. Answer: Contains autonomic nerve cell bodies.
◉ Funiculus. Answer: Region of specialized white matter in spinal cord.
◉ Ascending Tracts. Answer: Carry sensory information to the brain.
◉ Descending Tracts. Answer: Carry motor information from the brain.
◉ Upper Motor Neuron. Answer: Neuron originating in
cortex/brainstem.