NUR 4390 FINAL EXAM | COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE, NCLEX-STYLE
PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2026/2027
Health - correct answer ✔✔holistic state of well-being, state of complete physical, mental, &
social well-being
Wellness - correct answer ✔✔dynamic balance among physical, psychological, social, spiritual
aspects of a person's life
Aggregate - correct answer ✔✔a population or group
Population - correct answer ✔✔a collection of people who share one or more personal or
environmental characteristics
Community-Based Nursing - correct answer ✔✔focuses on "illness care" of individuals and
families
Community-Oriented Nursing - correct answer ✔✔focuses on promoting quality of life, focuses
on the healthcare of community as a "whole" in addition to individuals, families, and groups
Public Health - correct answer ✔✔goal is to organize community efforts that will use scientific
and technical knowledge to prevent disease and promote health
Benefits from Public Health - correct answer ✔✔increase in life expectancy, decreased deaths
from stroke, CAD, and cancer, declines in death rates in adults and kids
Public Health Core Functions - correct answer ✔✔assessment, policy development, assurance
,Assessment - correct answer ✔✔systematic data collection on the population, monitoring
health statuses, and publishing info on community health
Policy Development - correct answer ✔✔the need to provide leadership in developing policies
that support the health of the population
Assurance - correct answer ✔✔the way public health practice ensures the availability of
essential community-wide health services, includes ensuring the availability of a competent
public health and personal health care workforce
Primary Prevention - correct answer ✔✔health promotion and assessing risk factors
Secondary Prevention - correct answer ✔✔screening of at risk individuals, control of risk
factors, early interventions
Tertiary Prevention - correct answer ✔✔rehabilitation, preventing complications and improving
quality of life
Autonomy - correct answer ✔✔individuals select actions that fulfill their goals, right to self-
determination
Nonmaleficence - correct answer ✔✔do no harm
Beneficence - correct answer ✔✔maximize possible benefits and minimize harm
Distributive Justice - correct answer ✔✔fair distribution of benefits and burden in society based
on the needs and contributions of its members (i.e determining who will be eligible for
healthcare based on income)
, Healthy People 2030 - correct answer ✔✔10 year plan to address most critical public health
priorities and challenges, designed to measure progress over time
Social Determinants of Health - correct answer ✔✔education, economic status, social support,
transportation, neighborhood and physical environment, employment
Elizabethan Poor Law - correct answer ✔✔gave local government the power to raise taxes and
use the funds to build and maintain almshouses (provided relief for aged, handicapped, and the
poor)
Shattuck Report - correct answer ✔✔first use of demographic data to look at birth and death
records, most illness was found to be related to unsanitary conditions, established first state
and local health departments
Florence Nightingale - correct answer ✔✔political activist, first nursing school, introduced the
principles of asepsis and infection control through EBP
Lillian Wald - correct answer ✔✔developed a viable practice for PH nursing (Henry Street
Settlement), provided well baby care, health ed, disease prevention, and tx of minor illnesses,
developed the first nursing service for occupational health (Metropolitan Life Insurance)
John Snow - correct answer ✔✔father of epidemiology, determined the cause of cholera by
going door to door collecting data on daily habits ("Shoe Leather" method), used disease plot
mapping
Mary Breckinridge - correct answer ✔✔frontier nursing services to provide rural healthcare
Dorothea Dix - correct answer ✔✔first hospital for the mentally ill
PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2026/2027
Health - correct answer ✔✔holistic state of well-being, state of complete physical, mental, &
social well-being
Wellness - correct answer ✔✔dynamic balance among physical, psychological, social, spiritual
aspects of a person's life
Aggregate - correct answer ✔✔a population or group
Population - correct answer ✔✔a collection of people who share one or more personal or
environmental characteristics
Community-Based Nursing - correct answer ✔✔focuses on "illness care" of individuals and
families
Community-Oriented Nursing - correct answer ✔✔focuses on promoting quality of life, focuses
on the healthcare of community as a "whole" in addition to individuals, families, and groups
Public Health - correct answer ✔✔goal is to organize community efforts that will use scientific
and technical knowledge to prevent disease and promote health
Benefits from Public Health - correct answer ✔✔increase in life expectancy, decreased deaths
from stroke, CAD, and cancer, declines in death rates in adults and kids
Public Health Core Functions - correct answer ✔✔assessment, policy development, assurance
,Assessment - correct answer ✔✔systematic data collection on the population, monitoring
health statuses, and publishing info on community health
Policy Development - correct answer ✔✔the need to provide leadership in developing policies
that support the health of the population
Assurance - correct answer ✔✔the way public health practice ensures the availability of
essential community-wide health services, includes ensuring the availability of a competent
public health and personal health care workforce
Primary Prevention - correct answer ✔✔health promotion and assessing risk factors
Secondary Prevention - correct answer ✔✔screening of at risk individuals, control of risk
factors, early interventions
Tertiary Prevention - correct answer ✔✔rehabilitation, preventing complications and improving
quality of life
Autonomy - correct answer ✔✔individuals select actions that fulfill their goals, right to self-
determination
Nonmaleficence - correct answer ✔✔do no harm
Beneficence - correct answer ✔✔maximize possible benefits and minimize harm
Distributive Justice - correct answer ✔✔fair distribution of benefits and burden in society based
on the needs and contributions of its members (i.e determining who will be eligible for
healthcare based on income)
, Healthy People 2030 - correct answer ✔✔10 year plan to address most critical public health
priorities and challenges, designed to measure progress over time
Social Determinants of Health - correct answer ✔✔education, economic status, social support,
transportation, neighborhood and physical environment, employment
Elizabethan Poor Law - correct answer ✔✔gave local government the power to raise taxes and
use the funds to build and maintain almshouses (provided relief for aged, handicapped, and the
poor)
Shattuck Report - correct answer ✔✔first use of demographic data to look at birth and death
records, most illness was found to be related to unsanitary conditions, established first state
and local health departments
Florence Nightingale - correct answer ✔✔political activist, first nursing school, introduced the
principles of asepsis and infection control through EBP
Lillian Wald - correct answer ✔✔developed a viable practice for PH nursing (Henry Street
Settlement), provided well baby care, health ed, disease prevention, and tx of minor illnesses,
developed the first nursing service for occupational health (Metropolitan Life Insurance)
John Snow - correct answer ✔✔father of epidemiology, determined the cause of cholera by
going door to door collecting data on daily habits ("Shoe Leather" method), used disease plot
mapping
Mary Breckinridge - correct answer ✔✔frontier nursing services to provide rural healthcare
Dorothea Dix - correct answer ✔✔first hospital for the mentally ill
