ATLS PRETEST EXAM 2026 FINAL PAPER
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS FULL
SOLUTION
◉ (*)Degree of burn that is characterized by bone involvement
Answer: Fourth
◉ Complications of head trauma
Answer: Intracerebral hematoma
Extradural hematoma
Brain abscess
◉ Most common cause of laryngotracheal stenosis
Answer: Trauma
◉ Intervention that can help prevent development of acute renal
failure
Answer: Infusion of normal saline
◉ A 26-year-old male is resuscitated with blood transfusion after a
motor vehicle collision that was complicated by a fractured pelvis. A
few hours later, the patient becomes febrile, hypotensive with a
,normal CVP, and oliguric. Upon examination, the patient is found to
be bleeding from the NG tube and IV sites. Which of the following is
the most likely diagnosis?
A. Hemorrhagic shock
B. Acute adrenal insufficiency
C. Fat embolism syndrome
D. Transfusion reaction
Answer: Transfusion reaction
◉ A 39-year-old man is admitted to the ED after an MVA. He is
cyanotic, has insufficient respiratory effort, and has a GCS of 6. His
full beard makes it difficult to fit the oxygen facemask to his face. The
most appropriate next step is to:
Answer: restrict cervical motion and attempt 2 person orotracheal
intubation
◉ How does shivering affect body temperature
Answer: Increases body temperature
◉ Class IV hemorrhage indicates what % blood loss
Answer: >40%
,◉ Management of a stable patient with kidney contusion
Answer: Observation
◉ What type of shock is associated with the following:
-Inadequate tissue perfusion with resultant tissue hypoxia
-Blood shunting to vital organs
-Decreased circulating blood volume and decreased venous return
-Low cardiac output
-Loss of less than 20% of the blood volume is usually without
symptom except for mild tachycardia
-Patients become orthostatic with losses between 20 and 40%
-Shock is evidenced by tachycardia, hypotension, oliguria, flat neck
veins
Answer: hypovolemic shock
◉ The most effective method of monitoring the success of
resuscitation during CPR?
Answer: Reactivity of pupils to light
◉ Class III hemorrhage indicates what % of blood loss
Answer: 31-40%
, ◉ Total body surface area involved in a burn in an adult to the
anterior chest and abdomen
Answer: 18%
◉ What is often caused by carotid massage?
Answer: Bradycardia
◉ Next step in a patient diagnosed with tension pneumothorax
Answer: 1. Needle decompression/ thoracotomy
2. Chest tube
◉ Used to ensure correct placement of endotracheal tube
Answer: - Ultrasound
- Bilateral breath sounds
- Sustained end-tidal CO2
◉ First priority in the treatment of an unconscious patient
Answer: Checking the pulse
◉ A patient involved in a road accident is brought to the emergency
department in an unconscious state. On arrival, her vitals show a
temperature of 96.4 degrees Fahrenheit, RR 24, HR 140, and BP
80/40 mm Hg. She is cold, shivering, and perspiring profusely. She
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS FULL
SOLUTION
◉ (*)Degree of burn that is characterized by bone involvement
Answer: Fourth
◉ Complications of head trauma
Answer: Intracerebral hematoma
Extradural hematoma
Brain abscess
◉ Most common cause of laryngotracheal stenosis
Answer: Trauma
◉ Intervention that can help prevent development of acute renal
failure
Answer: Infusion of normal saline
◉ A 26-year-old male is resuscitated with blood transfusion after a
motor vehicle collision that was complicated by a fractured pelvis. A
few hours later, the patient becomes febrile, hypotensive with a
,normal CVP, and oliguric. Upon examination, the patient is found to
be bleeding from the NG tube and IV sites. Which of the following is
the most likely diagnosis?
A. Hemorrhagic shock
B. Acute adrenal insufficiency
C. Fat embolism syndrome
D. Transfusion reaction
Answer: Transfusion reaction
◉ A 39-year-old man is admitted to the ED after an MVA. He is
cyanotic, has insufficient respiratory effort, and has a GCS of 6. His
full beard makes it difficult to fit the oxygen facemask to his face. The
most appropriate next step is to:
Answer: restrict cervical motion and attempt 2 person orotracheal
intubation
◉ How does shivering affect body temperature
Answer: Increases body temperature
◉ Class IV hemorrhage indicates what % blood loss
Answer: >40%
,◉ Management of a stable patient with kidney contusion
Answer: Observation
◉ What type of shock is associated with the following:
-Inadequate tissue perfusion with resultant tissue hypoxia
-Blood shunting to vital organs
-Decreased circulating blood volume and decreased venous return
-Low cardiac output
-Loss of less than 20% of the blood volume is usually without
symptom except for mild tachycardia
-Patients become orthostatic with losses between 20 and 40%
-Shock is evidenced by tachycardia, hypotension, oliguria, flat neck
veins
Answer: hypovolemic shock
◉ The most effective method of monitoring the success of
resuscitation during CPR?
Answer: Reactivity of pupils to light
◉ Class III hemorrhage indicates what % of blood loss
Answer: 31-40%
, ◉ Total body surface area involved in a burn in an adult to the
anterior chest and abdomen
Answer: 18%
◉ What is often caused by carotid massage?
Answer: Bradycardia
◉ Next step in a patient diagnosed with tension pneumothorax
Answer: 1. Needle decompression/ thoracotomy
2. Chest tube
◉ Used to ensure correct placement of endotracheal tube
Answer: - Ultrasound
- Bilateral breath sounds
- Sustained end-tidal CO2
◉ First priority in the treatment of an unconscious patient
Answer: Checking the pulse
◉ A patient involved in a road accident is brought to the emergency
department in an unconscious state. On arrival, her vitals show a
temperature of 96.4 degrees Fahrenheit, RR 24, HR 140, and BP
80/40 mm Hg. She is cold, shivering, and perspiring profusely. She
