NURS 201 Quiz 8 V1 | NURS 201 Medical
Surgical Nursing | Actual Q&A with
Rationale (NURS201 Quiz 8) | West Coast
University
1. A nurse is caring for a client with a history of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) who is
scheduled for a CT scan with contrast. Which action should the nurse prioritize?
A. Administer a bolus of 0.45% normal saline.
B. Assess for a history of allergy to shellfish or iodine.
C. Instruct the client to remain NPO for 12 hours.
D. Notify the healthcare provider of the client’s creatinine levels.
Answer: D
Rationale: Contrast dye is nephrotoxic and can cause Contrast-Induced Nephropathy in
patients with pre-existing renal impairment. The nurse must ensure the healthcare
provider is aware of the client’s baseline renal function before the procedure. Early
identification of high creatinine levels allows for the implementation of preventative
measures like hydration or medication adjustments.
2. The nurse is assessing a client with Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) during the oliguric phase.
Which electrolyte imbalance should the nurse expect to find?
A. Hyperkalemia
,B. Hypokalemia
C. Hypercalcemia
D. Hyponatremia
Answer: A
Rationale: During the oliguric phase of AKI, the kidneys are unable to excrete potassium
effectively, leading to elevated serum levels. This condition is life-threatening due to the
risk of cardiac arrhythmias and arrest. The nurse must monitor the EKG for peaked T
waves and other signs of hyperkalemia.
3. A client is diagnosed with Nephrotic Syndrome. Which clinical manifestation should the
nurse anticipate during the assessment?
A. Elevated serum albumin levels
B. Hypotension and bradycardia
C. Massive proteinuria and peripheral edema
D. Hematuria with smoky or cola-colored urine
Answer: C
Rationale: Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by increased glomerular permeability,
which allows large amounts of protein to leak into the urine. This loss of protein leads to
hypoalbuminemia, which reduces oncotic pressure and results in significant systemic
, edema. Clients often present with severe generalized swelling, particularly in the lower
extremities and periorbital areas.
4. Which teaching point is most important for a nurse to include for a client with an
Arteriovenous (AV) Fistula in the left arm?
A. Keep the arm immobilized to prevent dislodgement.
B. Avoid taking blood pressures or drawing blood from the left arm.
C. Apply a tight dressing to the site after dialysis.
D. Clean the site with alcohol wipes twice daily.
Answer: B
Rationale: The AV fistula is a critical access point for hemodialysis and must be protected
from trauma and pressure. Taking blood pressure or drawing blood in that arm can lead to
vessel damage or thrombosis of the fistula. The nurse should teach the client to check for a
thrill and bruit daily to ensure the access remains patent.
5. A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client with end-stage renal disease (ESRD).
Which finding indicates a need for Erythropoietin Alpha therapy?
A. Serum Potassium 5.8 mEq/L
B. Hemoglobin 8.2 g/dL
C. Creatinine 6.4 mg/dL
D. Phosphorus 5.2 mg/dL
Surgical Nursing | Actual Q&A with
Rationale (NURS201 Quiz 8) | West Coast
University
1. A nurse is caring for a client with a history of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) who is
scheduled for a CT scan with contrast. Which action should the nurse prioritize?
A. Administer a bolus of 0.45% normal saline.
B. Assess for a history of allergy to shellfish or iodine.
C. Instruct the client to remain NPO for 12 hours.
D. Notify the healthcare provider of the client’s creatinine levels.
Answer: D
Rationale: Contrast dye is nephrotoxic and can cause Contrast-Induced Nephropathy in
patients with pre-existing renal impairment. The nurse must ensure the healthcare
provider is aware of the client’s baseline renal function before the procedure. Early
identification of high creatinine levels allows for the implementation of preventative
measures like hydration or medication adjustments.
2. The nurse is assessing a client with Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) during the oliguric phase.
Which electrolyte imbalance should the nurse expect to find?
A. Hyperkalemia
,B. Hypokalemia
C. Hypercalcemia
D. Hyponatremia
Answer: A
Rationale: During the oliguric phase of AKI, the kidneys are unable to excrete potassium
effectively, leading to elevated serum levels. This condition is life-threatening due to the
risk of cardiac arrhythmias and arrest. The nurse must monitor the EKG for peaked T
waves and other signs of hyperkalemia.
3. A client is diagnosed with Nephrotic Syndrome. Which clinical manifestation should the
nurse anticipate during the assessment?
A. Elevated serum albumin levels
B. Hypotension and bradycardia
C. Massive proteinuria and peripheral edema
D. Hematuria with smoky or cola-colored urine
Answer: C
Rationale: Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by increased glomerular permeability,
which allows large amounts of protein to leak into the urine. This loss of protein leads to
hypoalbuminemia, which reduces oncotic pressure and results in significant systemic
, edema. Clients often present with severe generalized swelling, particularly in the lower
extremities and periorbital areas.
4. Which teaching point is most important for a nurse to include for a client with an
Arteriovenous (AV) Fistula in the left arm?
A. Keep the arm immobilized to prevent dislodgement.
B. Avoid taking blood pressures or drawing blood from the left arm.
C. Apply a tight dressing to the site after dialysis.
D. Clean the site with alcohol wipes twice daily.
Answer: B
Rationale: The AV fistula is a critical access point for hemodialysis and must be protected
from trauma and pressure. Taking blood pressure or drawing blood in that arm can lead to
vessel damage or thrombosis of the fistula. The nurse should teach the client to check for a
thrill and bruit daily to ensure the access remains patent.
5. A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client with end-stage renal disease (ESRD).
Which finding indicates a need for Erythropoietin Alpha therapy?
A. Serum Potassium 5.8 mEq/L
B. Hemoglobin 8.2 g/dL
C. Creatinine 6.4 mg/dL
D. Phosphorus 5.2 mg/dL
