NIGHTINGALE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY CORE MAIN
EXAMS QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔If a patient has secondary hypertension, the nurse realizes that the patient has an
abnormal blood pressure caused by: - ✔✔an underlying disease.
✔✔A patient has atherosclerosis. Which factor associated with endothelial injury will the
nurse observe written in the history? - ✔✔Autoimmunity
✔✔A nurse is asked what causes Prinzmetal angina. How should the nurse respond?
Prinzmetalanginaiscausedby - ✔✔vasospasm.
✔✔Mitogens, such as angiotensin II, and growth factors stimulate: - ✔✔smooth muscle
proliferation.
✔✔The nurse recalls risk factors that are associated with atherosclerosis. These include
primary hypertension and - ✔✔advanced age.
✔✔When conducting a physical assessment of a patient during an acute asthma
episode, the nurse would expect to observe: - ✔✔pulsus paradoxus.
, ✔✔A patient asks the nurse what is most closely associated with the development of
lung cancer? How should the nurse respond? - ✔✔Cigarette smoking
✔✔A patient has pleuritic chest pain, shortness of breath, and hemoptysis. The primary
care provider suspects a pulmonary embolus. Which laboratory test should the nurse
check to help confirm this diagnosis - ✔✔D-dimer levels
✔✔Underlying the pathophysiology of ARDS is massive pulmonary - ✔✔inflammation.
✔✔A patient in the emergency room reports coughing up blood, night sweats, and
recently "feeling tired all of the time." The patient is feverish. Which medical condition
does the nurse suspect the patient is experiencing? - ✔✔Tuberculosis
✔✔A patient with HIV has painful burning dysesthesias and paresthesias, especially in
the extremities. What condition will the nurse see documented in the chart? - ✔✔HIV
neuropathy
✔✔A patient has a recent spinal cord injury. Which term should the nurse use to
describe the loss of reflex function below the level of injury/lesion? - ✔✔Spinal shock
✔✔A patient with a spinal cord injury (T6 level) reports a headache. The patient's blood
pressure is 296 systolic, and the patient is sweating. Which intervention is most
appropriate? - ✔✔Check the patient's bladder.
✔✔Which of the following may cause an attack or an exacerbation of symptoms for a
patient with multiple sclerosis? - ✔✔Increased calcium levels
✔✔While reviewing a patient's health history, which finding will most alert the nurse to
the possible development of a chronic subdural hematoma? - ✔✔Prior brain atrophy
✔✔Dermoid cysts are tumors that contain elements of skin, hair, glands, muscle,
cartilage, and bone that can eventually develop into: - ✔✔ovarian cancer.
✔✔A patient has dysmenorrhea and the primary care provider prescribes a nonsteroidal
anti-inflammatory medication. When should the nurse advise the patient to take this
drug? - ✔✔At or before the onset of menses
✔✔Benign ovarian cysts are classified as: - ✔✔follicular, corpus luteum/luteal, or
dermoid.
✔✔The most important risk factor in the development of prostate cancer is: - ✔✔older
age.
EXAMS QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔If a patient has secondary hypertension, the nurse realizes that the patient has an
abnormal blood pressure caused by: - ✔✔an underlying disease.
✔✔A patient has atherosclerosis. Which factor associated with endothelial injury will the
nurse observe written in the history? - ✔✔Autoimmunity
✔✔A nurse is asked what causes Prinzmetal angina. How should the nurse respond?
Prinzmetalanginaiscausedby - ✔✔vasospasm.
✔✔Mitogens, such as angiotensin II, and growth factors stimulate: - ✔✔smooth muscle
proliferation.
✔✔The nurse recalls risk factors that are associated with atherosclerosis. These include
primary hypertension and - ✔✔advanced age.
✔✔When conducting a physical assessment of a patient during an acute asthma
episode, the nurse would expect to observe: - ✔✔pulsus paradoxus.
, ✔✔A patient asks the nurse what is most closely associated with the development of
lung cancer? How should the nurse respond? - ✔✔Cigarette smoking
✔✔A patient has pleuritic chest pain, shortness of breath, and hemoptysis. The primary
care provider suspects a pulmonary embolus. Which laboratory test should the nurse
check to help confirm this diagnosis - ✔✔D-dimer levels
✔✔Underlying the pathophysiology of ARDS is massive pulmonary - ✔✔inflammation.
✔✔A patient in the emergency room reports coughing up blood, night sweats, and
recently "feeling tired all of the time." The patient is feverish. Which medical condition
does the nurse suspect the patient is experiencing? - ✔✔Tuberculosis
✔✔A patient with HIV has painful burning dysesthesias and paresthesias, especially in
the extremities. What condition will the nurse see documented in the chart? - ✔✔HIV
neuropathy
✔✔A patient has a recent spinal cord injury. Which term should the nurse use to
describe the loss of reflex function below the level of injury/lesion? - ✔✔Spinal shock
✔✔A patient with a spinal cord injury (T6 level) reports a headache. The patient's blood
pressure is 296 systolic, and the patient is sweating. Which intervention is most
appropriate? - ✔✔Check the patient's bladder.
✔✔Which of the following may cause an attack or an exacerbation of symptoms for a
patient with multiple sclerosis? - ✔✔Increased calcium levels
✔✔While reviewing a patient's health history, which finding will most alert the nurse to
the possible development of a chronic subdural hematoma? - ✔✔Prior brain atrophy
✔✔Dermoid cysts are tumors that contain elements of skin, hair, glands, muscle,
cartilage, and bone that can eventually develop into: - ✔✔ovarian cancer.
✔✔A patient has dysmenorrhea and the primary care provider prescribes a nonsteroidal
anti-inflammatory medication. When should the nurse advise the patient to take this
drug? - ✔✔At or before the onset of menses
✔✔Benign ovarian cysts are classified as: - ✔✔follicular, corpus luteum/luteal, or
dermoid.
✔✔The most important risk factor in the development of prostate cancer is: - ✔✔older
age.
