NSG 170 Cellular Regulation Prep. U
Exam-Graded A
A client has been taking daily nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents for several months
to treat osteoarthritis. The nurse should assess the client for signs or symptoms of what
disorder?
a) esophageal cancer
b) Barrett's esophagus
c) dysphagia
d) peptic ulcer disease - ANS-d) peptic ulcer disease
The nurse is working with a 40-year-old pregnant female about to undergo
amniocentesis. The nurse provides appropriate education by stating that amniocentesis
is performed for a prenatal diagnosis of which condition?
a) Cystic fibrosis
b) Diabetes
c) Thalassemia
d) Cleft palate - ANS-a) Cystic fibrosis
A client is admitted to the emergency department with reports right lower quadrant pain.
Blood specimens are drawn and sent to the laboratory. Which laboratory finding should
be reported to the health care provider immediately?
a) Hematocrit 42%
b) White blood cell (WBC) count 22.8/mm3
c) Serum potassium 4.2 mEq/L
d) Serum sodium 135 mEq/L - ANS-b) White blood cell (WBC) count 22.8/mm3
The parents receive results from an anatomy ultrasound performed at 20 weeks'
gestation (above). Based on these findings, they are referred for further genetic testing,
which finds trisomy 13. The parents ask what causes this condition. How does the nurse
best reply?
a) "An error in cell division results in an abnormal number of chromosomes in trisomy
13."
b) "Paternal genetic carrier status is associated with the development of trisomy 13."
c) "Fetal sex influences the occurrence of trisomy 13, which arises predominantly in
males."
d) "Viral infections during the second trimester can mutate the chromosomes and cause
trisomy 13." - ANS-a) "An error in cell division results in an abnormal number of
chromosomes in trisomy 13."
,A client with a seizure disorder has been prescribed carbamazepine. When researching
this medication, the nurse learns that it is a sodium channel blocker. The nurse should
identify what effect on cellular physiology?
a) Fewer sodium ions will be able to penetrate the cell wall
b) Sodium ions will be bound with carbamazepine in the cytoplasm
c) The Golgi apparatus will be blocked from synthesizing sodium ions
d) Sodium ions will fuse with the phospholipid bilayer - ANS-a) Fewer sodium ions will
be able to penetrate the cell wall
A client with a diagnosis of breast cancer has been scheduled for a unilateral
mastectomy during an axillary lymph node dissection. Which categorizations of surgical
procedures are represented in this client's case? Select all that apply.
a) diagnostic
b) constructive
c) reconstructive
d) palliative
e) curative - ANS-a) diagnostic
e) curative
A nurse is teaching a client about the chemotherapeutic agent that has been prescribed.
When asked about potential hair loss, which answer should the nurse prioritize?
a) Forewarn about hair loss as permanent
b) Explain it is not life-threatening
c) Suggest the use of a wig or cap
d) Explain that hair has no true function - ANS-c) Suggest the use of a wig or cap
A medical client's CA 19-9 levels have become available and they are significantly
elevated. How should the nurse best interpret this diagnostic finding?
a) The client may have cancer, but other GI disease must be ruled out.
b) The client most likely has early-stage colorectal cancer.
c) The client has a genetic predisposition to gastric cancer.
d) The client has cancer, but the site is unknown. - ANS-a) The client may have cancer,
but other GI disease must be ruled out.
The nurse is performing preoperative teaching with a client who has been diagnosed
with cancer of the larynx. After completing client teaching, what would be most
important for the nurse to do?
a) Give the client their cell phone number.
b) Refer the client to a social worker or psychologist.
c) Provide the client with audiovisual materials about the surgery.
d) Reassure the client and family that everything will be alright. - ANS-c) Provide the
client with audiovisual materials about the surgery.
Which describes a valve used in replacement surgery that is made from the client's own
heart valve?
, a) Autograft
b) Allograft
c) Homograft
d) Xenograft - ANS-a) Autograft
Select the option that best identifies how adult cancers differ in origin from childhood
cancers. Adult cancers originate from:
a) epithelial cells.
b) embryonic cells.
c) the hematopoietic system.
d) neuronal tissues. - ANS-a) epithelial cells.
The rate at which hemoglobin is synthesized depends on availability of which
substance?
a) Iron
b) Glucose
c) Oxygen
d) Calcium - ANS-a) Iron
When an infant is born with gene mutations in their cells, the errors may be a result of
all of the following except _____________ of base pairs.
a) Deletion
b) Substitution
c) Differentiation
d) Rearrangement - ANS-c) Differentiation
The nurse is caring for the client with pancreatic cancer. The nurse monitors the client
for which complication?
a) Hyperglycemia due to inability to synthesize insulin
b) Nutritional imbalance due to inability to synthesize protein
c) Bleeding related to lack of clotting factors
d) Gallstones related to inability to digest fat - ANS-a) Hyperglycemia due to inability to
synthesize insulin
The nurse is caring for a client who has the BRCA1 hereditary breast cancer gene
mutation. What should the nurse teach the client about the risk for breast cancer?
a) Breast cancer is an autosomal recessive inheritance in which each parent carries the
gene mutation.
b) Breast cancer is an X-linked inheritance and all males inherit an X chromosome from
their mothers.
c) Breast cancer has autosomal dominant inheritance that has incomplete penetrance
and appears to skip a generation.
d) Breast cancer has a pattern that is more horizontal than vertical; relatives of a single
generation tend to have the condition. - ANS-c) Breast cancer has autosomal dominant
inheritance that has incomplete penetrance and appears to skip a generation.
Exam-Graded A
A client has been taking daily nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents for several months
to treat osteoarthritis. The nurse should assess the client for signs or symptoms of what
disorder?
a) esophageal cancer
b) Barrett's esophagus
c) dysphagia
d) peptic ulcer disease - ANS-d) peptic ulcer disease
The nurse is working with a 40-year-old pregnant female about to undergo
amniocentesis. The nurse provides appropriate education by stating that amniocentesis
is performed for a prenatal diagnosis of which condition?
a) Cystic fibrosis
b) Diabetes
c) Thalassemia
d) Cleft palate - ANS-a) Cystic fibrosis
A client is admitted to the emergency department with reports right lower quadrant pain.
Blood specimens are drawn and sent to the laboratory. Which laboratory finding should
be reported to the health care provider immediately?
a) Hematocrit 42%
b) White blood cell (WBC) count 22.8/mm3
c) Serum potassium 4.2 mEq/L
d) Serum sodium 135 mEq/L - ANS-b) White blood cell (WBC) count 22.8/mm3
The parents receive results from an anatomy ultrasound performed at 20 weeks'
gestation (above). Based on these findings, they are referred for further genetic testing,
which finds trisomy 13. The parents ask what causes this condition. How does the nurse
best reply?
a) "An error in cell division results in an abnormal number of chromosomes in trisomy
13."
b) "Paternal genetic carrier status is associated with the development of trisomy 13."
c) "Fetal sex influences the occurrence of trisomy 13, which arises predominantly in
males."
d) "Viral infections during the second trimester can mutate the chromosomes and cause
trisomy 13." - ANS-a) "An error in cell division results in an abnormal number of
chromosomes in trisomy 13."
,A client with a seizure disorder has been prescribed carbamazepine. When researching
this medication, the nurse learns that it is a sodium channel blocker. The nurse should
identify what effect on cellular physiology?
a) Fewer sodium ions will be able to penetrate the cell wall
b) Sodium ions will be bound with carbamazepine in the cytoplasm
c) The Golgi apparatus will be blocked from synthesizing sodium ions
d) Sodium ions will fuse with the phospholipid bilayer - ANS-a) Fewer sodium ions will
be able to penetrate the cell wall
A client with a diagnosis of breast cancer has been scheduled for a unilateral
mastectomy during an axillary lymph node dissection. Which categorizations of surgical
procedures are represented in this client's case? Select all that apply.
a) diagnostic
b) constructive
c) reconstructive
d) palliative
e) curative - ANS-a) diagnostic
e) curative
A nurse is teaching a client about the chemotherapeutic agent that has been prescribed.
When asked about potential hair loss, which answer should the nurse prioritize?
a) Forewarn about hair loss as permanent
b) Explain it is not life-threatening
c) Suggest the use of a wig or cap
d) Explain that hair has no true function - ANS-c) Suggest the use of a wig or cap
A medical client's CA 19-9 levels have become available and they are significantly
elevated. How should the nurse best interpret this diagnostic finding?
a) The client may have cancer, but other GI disease must be ruled out.
b) The client most likely has early-stage colorectal cancer.
c) The client has a genetic predisposition to gastric cancer.
d) The client has cancer, but the site is unknown. - ANS-a) The client may have cancer,
but other GI disease must be ruled out.
The nurse is performing preoperative teaching with a client who has been diagnosed
with cancer of the larynx. After completing client teaching, what would be most
important for the nurse to do?
a) Give the client their cell phone number.
b) Refer the client to a social worker or psychologist.
c) Provide the client with audiovisual materials about the surgery.
d) Reassure the client and family that everything will be alright. - ANS-c) Provide the
client with audiovisual materials about the surgery.
Which describes a valve used in replacement surgery that is made from the client's own
heart valve?
, a) Autograft
b) Allograft
c) Homograft
d) Xenograft - ANS-a) Autograft
Select the option that best identifies how adult cancers differ in origin from childhood
cancers. Adult cancers originate from:
a) epithelial cells.
b) embryonic cells.
c) the hematopoietic system.
d) neuronal tissues. - ANS-a) epithelial cells.
The rate at which hemoglobin is synthesized depends on availability of which
substance?
a) Iron
b) Glucose
c) Oxygen
d) Calcium - ANS-a) Iron
When an infant is born with gene mutations in their cells, the errors may be a result of
all of the following except _____________ of base pairs.
a) Deletion
b) Substitution
c) Differentiation
d) Rearrangement - ANS-c) Differentiation
The nurse is caring for the client with pancreatic cancer. The nurse monitors the client
for which complication?
a) Hyperglycemia due to inability to synthesize insulin
b) Nutritional imbalance due to inability to synthesize protein
c) Bleeding related to lack of clotting factors
d) Gallstones related to inability to digest fat - ANS-a) Hyperglycemia due to inability to
synthesize insulin
The nurse is caring for a client who has the BRCA1 hereditary breast cancer gene
mutation. What should the nurse teach the client about the risk for breast cancer?
a) Breast cancer is an autosomal recessive inheritance in which each parent carries the
gene mutation.
b) Breast cancer is an X-linked inheritance and all males inherit an X chromosome from
their mothers.
c) Breast cancer has autosomal dominant inheritance that has incomplete penetrance
and appears to skip a generation.
d) Breast cancer has a pattern that is more horizontal than vertical; relatives of a single
generation tend to have the condition. - ANS-c) Breast cancer has autosomal dominant
inheritance that has incomplete penetrance and appears to skip a generation.
