NSG 170 Final Exam Study Session
Modules 1-3
Who are some individuals that are at risk for HYPERvolemia? - ANS-Those receiving IV
Fluids
Renal Failure Pts
CHF patients
Blood transfusion patients-(transfusion associated circulatory overload)
What adventitious lung sounds will be heard if a patient is suffering from FVE-(fluid
volume excess)? - ANS-Crackles
What effect will FVE have on lab values such as Hemoglobin and Hematocrit? - ANS-
Values will decrease
A patient with CHF is suffering from FVE. What type of medication will be prescribed to
help reduce preload? - ANS-A diuretic- (such as Furosemide/Lasix---- watch for
HYPOkalemia)
What are the S/S of HYPERvolemia? - ANS-JVD
Crackles
Pulmonary Edema
transfusion associated circulatory overload
*will cause FVE - ANS-What can occur if a patient ins given a blood transfusion at a rate
that is to fast?
Who are some individuals that are at risk for HYPOvolemia? - ANS-Dementia Patients
Stroke Patients
Very young
Blood loss patients
Vomiting/Diarrhea Patients-(will have low potassium)
What type of electrolyte imbalance may a patient with an NG tube suffer from if gastric
contents were aspirated excessivlely? - ANS-HYPOkalemia
A patient in a nursing home has late stage dementia and has not been adequately
drinking. The patient is suffering from dehydration. What would you as the nurse expect
to see on the lab work when you assess the patient's electrolyte values? - ANS-
Elevated Sodium-- (sodium loves water) *Aldosterone*
Elevated Potassium-(the kidney rid the potassium in urine)
, What electrolyte imbalance?
Tall tinted T wave - ANS-HYPERkalemia
What electrolyte imbalance?
Prominent "U" wave / flattened or inverted "T" wave - ANS-HYPOkalemia
What manifestations are most prominent for a patient suffering from HYPERnatremia? -
ANS-Mental Function Changes
Trousseau's sign
Explain the procedure - ANS-Carpal spasm caused by inflating a blood pressure cuff
above the client's systolic pressure and leaving it in place for 3 minutes.
*A positive indicates HYPOcalcemia
Chvostek's sign
*explain the procedure - ANS-abnormal functioning of the facial nerve causes a twitch
on the same side of the face
*Sign of hypocalcemia or hypomagnesemia*
What is given to for a patient that is suffering from high magnesium? - ANS-calcium
gluconate
What are the S/S of an infiltrated IV? - ANS-Cool skin-(fluid in the tissues)
Pain
Wet dressing
Pallor
Edematous
What would you do as the nurse if you have a patient that has an infiltrated IV? - ANS-
*Stop the IV
*Ensure no antidote needs to be given via this site before removal of angiocath
*Assess for 6 P's of compartment syndrome
Are refined grains complex or simple carbs? - ANS-simple
*this type of grain is often in white bread
When is regular insulin given? - ANS-30 mins BEFORE the meal
When is rapid acting insulin given? - ANS-Give the shot when the plate is hot
*within 15 mins of the meal*
What type of insulin is "peakless" and is used to cover the body's metabolic needs? -
ANS-Long acting
Modules 1-3
Who are some individuals that are at risk for HYPERvolemia? - ANS-Those receiving IV
Fluids
Renal Failure Pts
CHF patients
Blood transfusion patients-(transfusion associated circulatory overload)
What adventitious lung sounds will be heard if a patient is suffering from FVE-(fluid
volume excess)? - ANS-Crackles
What effect will FVE have on lab values such as Hemoglobin and Hematocrit? - ANS-
Values will decrease
A patient with CHF is suffering from FVE. What type of medication will be prescribed to
help reduce preload? - ANS-A diuretic- (such as Furosemide/Lasix---- watch for
HYPOkalemia)
What are the S/S of HYPERvolemia? - ANS-JVD
Crackles
Pulmonary Edema
transfusion associated circulatory overload
*will cause FVE - ANS-What can occur if a patient ins given a blood transfusion at a rate
that is to fast?
Who are some individuals that are at risk for HYPOvolemia? - ANS-Dementia Patients
Stroke Patients
Very young
Blood loss patients
Vomiting/Diarrhea Patients-(will have low potassium)
What type of electrolyte imbalance may a patient with an NG tube suffer from if gastric
contents were aspirated excessivlely? - ANS-HYPOkalemia
A patient in a nursing home has late stage dementia and has not been adequately
drinking. The patient is suffering from dehydration. What would you as the nurse expect
to see on the lab work when you assess the patient's electrolyte values? - ANS-
Elevated Sodium-- (sodium loves water) *Aldosterone*
Elevated Potassium-(the kidney rid the potassium in urine)
, What electrolyte imbalance?
Tall tinted T wave - ANS-HYPERkalemia
What electrolyte imbalance?
Prominent "U" wave / flattened or inverted "T" wave - ANS-HYPOkalemia
What manifestations are most prominent for a patient suffering from HYPERnatremia? -
ANS-Mental Function Changes
Trousseau's sign
Explain the procedure - ANS-Carpal spasm caused by inflating a blood pressure cuff
above the client's systolic pressure and leaving it in place for 3 minutes.
*A positive indicates HYPOcalcemia
Chvostek's sign
*explain the procedure - ANS-abnormal functioning of the facial nerve causes a twitch
on the same side of the face
*Sign of hypocalcemia or hypomagnesemia*
What is given to for a patient that is suffering from high magnesium? - ANS-calcium
gluconate
What are the S/S of an infiltrated IV? - ANS-Cool skin-(fluid in the tissues)
Pain
Wet dressing
Pallor
Edematous
What would you do as the nurse if you have a patient that has an infiltrated IV? - ANS-
*Stop the IV
*Ensure no antidote needs to be given via this site before removal of angiocath
*Assess for 6 P's of compartment syndrome
Are refined grains complex or simple carbs? - ANS-simple
*this type of grain is often in white bread
When is regular insulin given? - ANS-30 mins BEFORE the meal
When is rapid acting insulin given? - ANS-Give the shot when the plate is hot
*within 15 mins of the meal*
What type of insulin is "peakless" and is used to cover the body's metabolic needs? -
ANS-Long acting
