,NU 136 Exam 5 | Fundamentals of Nursing | Galen
College | Q & A | 2026 Edition (PDF)
1. Which of the following best describes the correct sequence for donning personal protective
equipment (PPE)?
A) Mask, gown, goggles, gloves
B) Gown, mask, goggles, gloves
C) Goggles, mask, gown, gloves
D) Gown, goggles, mask, gloves
Correct Answer: Gown, mask, goggles, gloves
Expert Rationale: The correct sequence for donning PPE is gown first, then mask or respirator, followed
by goggles or face shield, and gloves last. Gloves are put on last and must cover the cuff of the gown.
This sequence prevents contamination of the face and hands during the process.
2. What is the most appropriate action for a nurse when a client declines to take a prescribed
medication?
A) Initial the medication administration record as given before entering the room
B) Notify the primary healthcare provider that the client has received their medications
C) Document the reasons the client declined taking the medication on the MAR
D) Provide the client with a copy of their MAR upon request
Correct Answer: Document the reasons the client declined taking the medication on the MAR
Expert Rationale: When a client refuses medication, the nurse must document the refusal and the
reasons given on the medication administration record. This ensures accurate legal documentation and
communication with the healthcare team. Forcing medication violates patient rights.
3. According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which level must be prioritized first when planning patient
care?
,A) Self-esteem needs
B) Love and belonging needs
C) Physiological needs
D) Self-actualization needs
Correct Answer: Physiological needs
Expert Rationale: Maslow's hierarchy places physiological needs (airway, breathing, circulation, food,
water) at the base. These must be met before higher-level needs can be addressed. The ABCs take
priority, followed by safety needs. This framework guides prioritization of nursing interventions.
4. A student who does not study for a test blames the "F" on the teacher's poor lecturing ability. This is
an example of which defense mechanism?
A) Denial
B) Projection
C) Rationalization
D) Regression
Correct Answer: Rationalization
Expert Rationale: Rationalization involves creating logical or socially acceptable explanations for failures
to protect self-esteem. The student justifies the failure by blaming external factors rather than accepting
personal responsibility. Denial involves refusing to acknowledge reality, and projection involves
attributing one's own feelings to others.
5. Which of the following is an example of primary prevention?
A) Annual mammograms
B) Wearing sunscreen and sunglasses
C) Cardiac rehabilitation
D) Blood pressure screening
, Correct Answer: Wearing sunscreen and sunglasses
Expert Rationale: Primary prevention aims to prevent disease before it occurs through measures such as
sunscreen use, immunizations, and seatbelts. Mammograms and blood pressure screening are
secondary prevention (early detection), and cardiac rehabilitation is tertiary prevention (managing
established disease).
6. A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with anemia. Which nutrient should the nurse encourage the
client to increase in their diet?
A) Vitamin A
B) Folic acid
C) Vitamin E
D) Niacin
Correct Answer: Folic acid
Expert Rationale: Folic acid is essential for red blood cell production and is indicated for clients with
anemia. Vitamin A supports vision and immune function, Vitamin E acts as an antioxidant, and Niacin
supports metabolism. Folic acid deficiency can contribute to megaloblastic anemia.
7. Which of the following is the most appropriate response when an immobile client refuses their
morning bed bath?
A) Document the refusal and skip bathing for the day
B) Give the client an option to shower later in the day
C) Perform the bed bath despite the refusal
D) Notify the provider immediately
Correct Answer: Give the client an option to shower later in the day
Expert Rationale: Offering the client a choice, such as showering later, respects autonomy while still
addressing hygiene needs. This therapeutic approach maintains dignity and promotes cooperation.
Documenting refusal without offering alternatives is not patient-centered.
College | Q & A | 2026 Edition (PDF)
1. Which of the following best describes the correct sequence for donning personal protective
equipment (PPE)?
A) Mask, gown, goggles, gloves
B) Gown, mask, goggles, gloves
C) Goggles, mask, gown, gloves
D) Gown, goggles, mask, gloves
Correct Answer: Gown, mask, goggles, gloves
Expert Rationale: The correct sequence for donning PPE is gown first, then mask or respirator, followed
by goggles or face shield, and gloves last. Gloves are put on last and must cover the cuff of the gown.
This sequence prevents contamination of the face and hands during the process.
2. What is the most appropriate action for a nurse when a client declines to take a prescribed
medication?
A) Initial the medication administration record as given before entering the room
B) Notify the primary healthcare provider that the client has received their medications
C) Document the reasons the client declined taking the medication on the MAR
D) Provide the client with a copy of their MAR upon request
Correct Answer: Document the reasons the client declined taking the medication on the MAR
Expert Rationale: When a client refuses medication, the nurse must document the refusal and the
reasons given on the medication administration record. This ensures accurate legal documentation and
communication with the healthcare team. Forcing medication violates patient rights.
3. According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which level must be prioritized first when planning patient
care?
,A) Self-esteem needs
B) Love and belonging needs
C) Physiological needs
D) Self-actualization needs
Correct Answer: Physiological needs
Expert Rationale: Maslow's hierarchy places physiological needs (airway, breathing, circulation, food,
water) at the base. These must be met before higher-level needs can be addressed. The ABCs take
priority, followed by safety needs. This framework guides prioritization of nursing interventions.
4. A student who does not study for a test blames the "F" on the teacher's poor lecturing ability. This is
an example of which defense mechanism?
A) Denial
B) Projection
C) Rationalization
D) Regression
Correct Answer: Rationalization
Expert Rationale: Rationalization involves creating logical or socially acceptable explanations for failures
to protect self-esteem. The student justifies the failure by blaming external factors rather than accepting
personal responsibility. Denial involves refusing to acknowledge reality, and projection involves
attributing one's own feelings to others.
5. Which of the following is an example of primary prevention?
A) Annual mammograms
B) Wearing sunscreen and sunglasses
C) Cardiac rehabilitation
D) Blood pressure screening
, Correct Answer: Wearing sunscreen and sunglasses
Expert Rationale: Primary prevention aims to prevent disease before it occurs through measures such as
sunscreen use, immunizations, and seatbelts. Mammograms and blood pressure screening are
secondary prevention (early detection), and cardiac rehabilitation is tertiary prevention (managing
established disease).
6. A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with anemia. Which nutrient should the nurse encourage the
client to increase in their diet?
A) Vitamin A
B) Folic acid
C) Vitamin E
D) Niacin
Correct Answer: Folic acid
Expert Rationale: Folic acid is essential for red blood cell production and is indicated for clients with
anemia. Vitamin A supports vision and immune function, Vitamin E acts as an antioxidant, and Niacin
supports metabolism. Folic acid deficiency can contribute to megaloblastic anemia.
7. Which of the following is the most appropriate response when an immobile client refuses their
morning bed bath?
A) Document the refusal and skip bathing for the day
B) Give the client an option to shower later in the day
C) Perform the bed bath despite the refusal
D) Notify the provider immediately
Correct Answer: Give the client an option to shower later in the day
Expert Rationale: Offering the client a choice, such as showering later, respects autonomy while still
addressing hygiene needs. This therapeutic approach maintains dignity and promotes cooperation.
Documenting refusal without offering alternatives is not patient-centered.
