for Nurse Anesthesia
Chapter 12
Biochemistry
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, What are carbohydrates? polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones
What are monosaccharides? -Simple sugars
-Not broken down by aqueous acid into simpler sugars
-Fundamental building blocks of sugars
5 Different types of monosaccharides -Glucose
-Fructose
-Galactose
-Deoxyribose
-Ribose
What are disaccharides? -composed of 2 monosaccharides, joined together by acetal or ketal linkage
Glucose and Fructose create what disaccharide? Sucrose
Glucose and Glucose create what disaccharide? Maltose
Galactose and Glucose create what disaccharide? Lactose
What is lactose intolerance? -lack of lactase enzyme to break down lactose (glucose and galactose) into
monosaccharides
What are polysaccharides? -Many monosaccharides joined by acetal or ketal linkages (glycogen/starch)
How many carbon atoms does trioses contain? 3
How many carbon atoms does tetroses contain? 4
How many carbon atoms does pentoses contain? 5
How many carbon atoms does hexoses contain? 6
What classifies aldoses? -sugars that contain aldehyde functional groups are called aldoses