ATI RN Pediatric Nursing Proctored Exam
Questions and Correct Answers (Verified
Answers) Plus Rationales 2026 Q&A | Instant
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1. A nurse is assessing a newborn immediately after birth. Which
finding requires immediate intervention?
A. Heart rate of 140/min
B. Acrocyanosis of the hands and feet
C. Respiratory rate of 24/min with grunting
D. Temperature of 36.8°C (98.2°F)
Rationale: A respiratory rate below 30/min accompanied by grunting
is a sign of respiratory distress and inadequate oxygenation.
Immediate assessment and intervention are necessary to prevent
respiratory failure. Acrocyanosis is a normal finding during the first 24
to 48 hours of life, while the heart rate and temperature are within
expected ranges.
, 2. A nurse is teaching the parents of a 2-month-old infant about
immunizations. Which vaccine should the nurse expect the infant
to receive during the visit?
A. Varicella
B. Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR)
C. Rotavirus vaccine
D. Hepatitis A vaccine
Rationale: At 2 months, infants typically receive rotavirus, DTaP, Hib,
IPV, PCV, and the second dose of hepatitis B if indicated. MMR,
varicella, and hepatitis A vaccines are administered later in infancy or
toddlerhood.
3. A nurse is caring for a toddler hospitalized with acute
gastroenteritis. Which assessment finding indicates dehydration?
A. Bounding pulses
B. Bradycardia
C. Sunken fontanel
D. Excessive tearing
Rationale: A sunken anterior fontanel is a classic sign of dehydration
in infants and young toddlers. Additional signs include dry mucous
membranes, decreased urine output, tachycardia, poor skin turgor,
,and delayed capillary refill. Excessive tearing is generally absent
during dehydration.
4. A nurse is assessing developmental milestones in a 9-month-old
infant. Which behavior is expected?
A. Walking independently
B. Speaking three-word sentences
C. Pulling to a standing position
D. Riding a tricycle
Rationale: By approximately 9 months, infants commonly pull
themselves to a standing position, crawl, and develop a pincer grasp.
Independent walking usually occurs around 12 months, while
speaking sentences and riding a tricycle occur much later.
5. A nurse is teaching parents about administering oral iron
supplements to their child. Which instruction should the nurse
include?
A. Administer with milk.
B. Give immediately before bedtime.
C. Administer with vitamin C-rich juice.
D. Mix with antacids.
, Rationale: Vitamin C enhances iron absorption. Milk, antacids, and
calcium-containing foods decrease iron absorption. Iron may stain
teeth, so liquid preparations should be given through a straw when
appropriate.
6. A nurse is caring for a child with nephrotic syndrome. Which
finding is expected?
A. Hypertension with hematuria
B. Hyperactivity
C. Generalized edema
D. Polyuria
Rationale: Massive protein loss in nephrotic syndrome causes
decreased plasma oncotic pressure, leading to generalized edema,
weight gain, and hypoalbuminemia. Hematuria and hypertension are
more characteristic of acute glomerulonephritis.
7. A nurse is planning care for a child with sickle cell disease
experiencing a vaso-occlusive crisis. Which intervention is the
priority?
A. Restrict fluids.
B. Encourage vigorous exercise.
C. Administer prescribed opioid analgesics.
D. Apply cold compresses.
Questions and Correct Answers (Verified
Answers) Plus Rationales 2026 Q&A | Instant
Download Pdf
1. A nurse is assessing a newborn immediately after birth. Which
finding requires immediate intervention?
A. Heart rate of 140/min
B. Acrocyanosis of the hands and feet
C. Respiratory rate of 24/min with grunting
D. Temperature of 36.8°C (98.2°F)
Rationale: A respiratory rate below 30/min accompanied by grunting
is a sign of respiratory distress and inadequate oxygenation.
Immediate assessment and intervention are necessary to prevent
respiratory failure. Acrocyanosis is a normal finding during the first 24
to 48 hours of life, while the heart rate and temperature are within
expected ranges.
, 2. A nurse is teaching the parents of a 2-month-old infant about
immunizations. Which vaccine should the nurse expect the infant
to receive during the visit?
A. Varicella
B. Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR)
C. Rotavirus vaccine
D. Hepatitis A vaccine
Rationale: At 2 months, infants typically receive rotavirus, DTaP, Hib,
IPV, PCV, and the second dose of hepatitis B if indicated. MMR,
varicella, and hepatitis A vaccines are administered later in infancy or
toddlerhood.
3. A nurse is caring for a toddler hospitalized with acute
gastroenteritis. Which assessment finding indicates dehydration?
A. Bounding pulses
B. Bradycardia
C. Sunken fontanel
D. Excessive tearing
Rationale: A sunken anterior fontanel is a classic sign of dehydration
in infants and young toddlers. Additional signs include dry mucous
membranes, decreased urine output, tachycardia, poor skin turgor,
,and delayed capillary refill. Excessive tearing is generally absent
during dehydration.
4. A nurse is assessing developmental milestones in a 9-month-old
infant. Which behavior is expected?
A. Walking independently
B. Speaking three-word sentences
C. Pulling to a standing position
D. Riding a tricycle
Rationale: By approximately 9 months, infants commonly pull
themselves to a standing position, crawl, and develop a pincer grasp.
Independent walking usually occurs around 12 months, while
speaking sentences and riding a tricycle occur much later.
5. A nurse is teaching parents about administering oral iron
supplements to their child. Which instruction should the nurse
include?
A. Administer with milk.
B. Give immediately before bedtime.
C. Administer with vitamin C-rich juice.
D. Mix with antacids.
, Rationale: Vitamin C enhances iron absorption. Milk, antacids, and
calcium-containing foods decrease iron absorption. Iron may stain
teeth, so liquid preparations should be given through a straw when
appropriate.
6. A nurse is caring for a child with nephrotic syndrome. Which
finding is expected?
A. Hypertension with hematuria
B. Hyperactivity
C. Generalized edema
D. Polyuria
Rationale: Massive protein loss in nephrotic syndrome causes
decreased plasma oncotic pressure, leading to generalized edema,
weight gain, and hypoalbuminemia. Hematuria and hypertension are
more characteristic of acute glomerulonephritis.
7. A nurse is planning care for a child with sickle cell disease
experiencing a vaso-occlusive crisis. Which intervention is the
priority?
A. Restrict fluids.
B. Encourage vigorous exercise.
C. Administer prescribed opioid analgesics.
D. Apply cold compresses.
