1
Bio 150 Exam 1 - UTK
Mamantov Questions With
Verified Solutions
Describe the nature of science - correct-answer - Scientific ideas change over time
as new info is discovered.
Differentiate between questions that can be answered through the scientific
process and those that cannot - correct-answer - Questions can be answered
when they can be observed or measured by collecting data. Questions cannot be
answered if they cannot be observed or measured.
Define a theory in the scientific sense - correct-answer - Explanations for observed
phenomena that is supported by a wide body of evidence.
Compare and contrast scientific theories and hypotheses - correct-answer - A
hypothesis is made before any research has been conducted, while a theory is a
principle formed based on the research done and shown in data.
, 2
Identify and explain the steps in the scientific method. - correct-answer - First step
is observation. This is essentially where you observe a certain thing occurring.
The next step is doing research about the topic you observed in order to gain an
understanding of what is already known about the question.
Then you will form a hypothesis based on the limited evidence you have to make
a starting point for further investigation. The hypothesis should be precise and
testable using data.
The next step would be to conduct an experiment to test the hypothesis in order
to collect data.
Then with that data, you must analyze it and see what the results mean.
The final step would be to report conclusions based on the results and then the
process would start all over again.
Describe the purpose of a null hypothesis - correct-answer - The purpose of the
null hypothesis is to see if the test is supported or not (null hypothesis states that
there will be no difference, effect, or relationship between the variables).
How is the scientific method different from the scientific process? - correct-
answer - There is no order for the scientific process as scientists tend to go back
and forth while in the scientific method it is a step by step method scientists need
to follow.
Explain why data supports or rejects hypotheses, not "proves" them - correct-
answer - Data supports or rejects a hypothesis because you can never really prove
a hypothesis correct, you can only run tests to support the hypothesis. There can
always be some scenario in which a hypothesis is incorrect.
Describe a control group - correct-answer - It is the group that is left unchanged in
an experiment. It is important because they provide baseline measurements.
, 3
what kind of variables are of the x-axis? - correct-answer - independent variables
what kind of variables are of the y-axis? - correct-answer - dependent variables
What is DNA? - correct-answer - Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) stores genetic
information. DNA is a type of nucleic acid. It is a polymer made up of monomers
called nucleotides.
Describe the structure of DNA - correct-answer - DNA is a double helix in which
the backbone is made of alternating sugar (deoxyribose) and phosphate groups.
Attached to each sugar is one of four bases: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G)
or thymine (T). The two strands are connected by hydrogen bonds between
these bases. The sequence of the bases along DNA's backbone encodes biological
information, such as the instructions for making a protein or RNA molecule.
What is the primary structure of DNA? - correct-answer - The primary structure of
DNA is a directional sugar-phosphate backbone.
What is the secondary structure of DNA? - correct-answer - The secondary
structure of DNA is an antiparallel double helix.
, 4
Explain the key results of the Hershey-Chase experiment - correct-answer - They
wanted to figure out whether genes were made of DNA or proteins. They found
out that DNA was present (no proteins). DNA contains all the information for life's
complexity.
What is complementary base pairing and how does it influence the structure of
DNA? - correct-answer - A+T and C+G. It determines how the double helix is
formed.
Explain how DNA is directional based on its structure. - correct-answer -
Monomers connect to create polymers that makeup the backbone of the sugar-
phosphate connection. Those connections occur when the 3 prime carbon atom
connect with the phosphate group through the process of condensation ending in
the linkage of the 2 monomers and creating a phosphodiester linkage. This link
makes up DNA's backbone and creates directionality and develops structure.
Which end of a DNA strand are new nucleotides added to? - correct-answer - 3'
Why are nucleotides added to 3' end? - correct-answer - The phosphodiester
linkages can be created and can't be attached to nucleotides to phosphate by
themself.
Which direction are nucleotides added? - correct-answer - 5' to 3'
Bio 150 Exam 1 - UTK
Mamantov Questions With
Verified Solutions
Describe the nature of science - correct-answer - Scientific ideas change over time
as new info is discovered.
Differentiate between questions that can be answered through the scientific
process and those that cannot - correct-answer - Questions can be answered
when they can be observed or measured by collecting data. Questions cannot be
answered if they cannot be observed or measured.
Define a theory in the scientific sense - correct-answer - Explanations for observed
phenomena that is supported by a wide body of evidence.
Compare and contrast scientific theories and hypotheses - correct-answer - A
hypothesis is made before any research has been conducted, while a theory is a
principle formed based on the research done and shown in data.
, 2
Identify and explain the steps in the scientific method. - correct-answer - First step
is observation. This is essentially where you observe a certain thing occurring.
The next step is doing research about the topic you observed in order to gain an
understanding of what is already known about the question.
Then you will form a hypothesis based on the limited evidence you have to make
a starting point for further investigation. The hypothesis should be precise and
testable using data.
The next step would be to conduct an experiment to test the hypothesis in order
to collect data.
Then with that data, you must analyze it and see what the results mean.
The final step would be to report conclusions based on the results and then the
process would start all over again.
Describe the purpose of a null hypothesis - correct-answer - The purpose of the
null hypothesis is to see if the test is supported or not (null hypothesis states that
there will be no difference, effect, or relationship between the variables).
How is the scientific method different from the scientific process? - correct-
answer - There is no order for the scientific process as scientists tend to go back
and forth while in the scientific method it is a step by step method scientists need
to follow.
Explain why data supports or rejects hypotheses, not "proves" them - correct-
answer - Data supports or rejects a hypothesis because you can never really prove
a hypothesis correct, you can only run tests to support the hypothesis. There can
always be some scenario in which a hypothesis is incorrect.
Describe a control group - correct-answer - It is the group that is left unchanged in
an experiment. It is important because they provide baseline measurements.
, 3
what kind of variables are of the x-axis? - correct-answer - independent variables
what kind of variables are of the y-axis? - correct-answer - dependent variables
What is DNA? - correct-answer - Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) stores genetic
information. DNA is a type of nucleic acid. It is a polymer made up of monomers
called nucleotides.
Describe the structure of DNA - correct-answer - DNA is a double helix in which
the backbone is made of alternating sugar (deoxyribose) and phosphate groups.
Attached to each sugar is one of four bases: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G)
or thymine (T). The two strands are connected by hydrogen bonds between
these bases. The sequence of the bases along DNA's backbone encodes biological
information, such as the instructions for making a protein or RNA molecule.
What is the primary structure of DNA? - correct-answer - The primary structure of
DNA is a directional sugar-phosphate backbone.
What is the secondary structure of DNA? - correct-answer - The secondary
structure of DNA is an antiparallel double helix.
, 4
Explain the key results of the Hershey-Chase experiment - correct-answer - They
wanted to figure out whether genes were made of DNA or proteins. They found
out that DNA was present (no proteins). DNA contains all the information for life's
complexity.
What is complementary base pairing and how does it influence the structure of
DNA? - correct-answer - A+T and C+G. It determines how the double helix is
formed.
Explain how DNA is directional based on its structure. - correct-answer -
Monomers connect to create polymers that makeup the backbone of the sugar-
phosphate connection. Those connections occur when the 3 prime carbon atom
connect with the phosphate group through the process of condensation ending in
the linkage of the 2 monomers and creating a phosphodiester linkage. This link
makes up DNA's backbone and creates directionality and develops structure.
Which end of a DNA strand are new nucleotides added to? - correct-answer - 3'
Why are nucleotides added to 3' end? - correct-answer - The phosphodiester
linkages can be created and can't be attached to nucleotides to phosphate by
themself.
Which direction are nucleotides added? - correct-answer - 5' to 3'
