DIT 1525 CHAPTERS 7, 8 & 10 REVIEW | COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE, PRACTICE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2026/2027
3500 calorie rule - ANS ✔✔3500 extra calorie intake equals to 1 pound of fat gained
3500 calorie deficit equals to 1 pound of fat lost
components of energy expenditure - ANS ✔✔Basal metabolism, physical activity, food
consumption
2 factors effecting BMR - ANS ✔✔Growth and age
Growth influencing BMR - ANS ✔✔Higher in people who are growing: infants, children,
adolescents, pregnant and lactating women
Age influencing BMR - ANS ✔✔BMR declines during adulthood, ~5% each decade after 30
Problem with BMR as a measure of healthy weight - ANS ✔✔Doesn't address body composition
Percent body fat Mens BMI at 18.5 - ANS ✔✔12-19%
Anabolism - ANS ✔✔"Building up"
Anabolism functions - ANS ✔✔Uses energy to build compounds, small molecules are put
together to make larger ones, I.e. making glycogen in the liver
ATP adenosine triphosphate - ANS ✔✔High-energy compound that powers all activities in living
cells, stores and releases energy, major energy carrier molecule in most cells
, Glucose-to-pyruvate - ANS ✔✔6 carbon glucose is split in half, 2 Pyruvate molecules(3 carbons
long), 1 glucose molecule yields 2 pyruvate molecules
What happens to hydrogen during glycolysis - ANS ✔✔Hydrogen atoms are released and carried
to electron transport chain to make ATP
Fatty acids-to- acetyl CoA - ANS ✔✔Fatty acid oxidation, fatty acids are taken apart 2 carbon
units at a time, first step is to join CoA with Acetyl CoA, hydrogen atoms and electrons are taken
to electron transport chain
Fatty acids cannot - ANS ✔✔Become glucose because pyruvate reaction to Acetyl CoA is
irreversible
Carbohydrates yield - ANS ✔✔Glucose and fat stores
Fatty acids yield - ANS ✔✔Fat stores
Glycerol yields - ANS ✔✔Glucose when carbs are present and fat stores
Proteins yield - ANS ✔✔Glucose when carbs are present and fat stores
What happens to excess protein - ANS ✔✔Stored as fat, cannot build muscle by eating excess
protein
Excess carbohydrates - ANS ✔✔Fills up glycogen stores, remainder stores as fat
In low carb diets metabolism acts similar to fasting - ANS ✔✔Body uses glycogen first,
gluconeogenesis when glycogen is depleted
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2026/2027
3500 calorie rule - ANS ✔✔3500 extra calorie intake equals to 1 pound of fat gained
3500 calorie deficit equals to 1 pound of fat lost
components of energy expenditure - ANS ✔✔Basal metabolism, physical activity, food
consumption
2 factors effecting BMR - ANS ✔✔Growth and age
Growth influencing BMR - ANS ✔✔Higher in people who are growing: infants, children,
adolescents, pregnant and lactating women
Age influencing BMR - ANS ✔✔BMR declines during adulthood, ~5% each decade after 30
Problem with BMR as a measure of healthy weight - ANS ✔✔Doesn't address body composition
Percent body fat Mens BMI at 18.5 - ANS ✔✔12-19%
Anabolism - ANS ✔✔"Building up"
Anabolism functions - ANS ✔✔Uses energy to build compounds, small molecules are put
together to make larger ones, I.e. making glycogen in the liver
ATP adenosine triphosphate - ANS ✔✔High-energy compound that powers all activities in living
cells, stores and releases energy, major energy carrier molecule in most cells
, Glucose-to-pyruvate - ANS ✔✔6 carbon glucose is split in half, 2 Pyruvate molecules(3 carbons
long), 1 glucose molecule yields 2 pyruvate molecules
What happens to hydrogen during glycolysis - ANS ✔✔Hydrogen atoms are released and carried
to electron transport chain to make ATP
Fatty acids-to- acetyl CoA - ANS ✔✔Fatty acid oxidation, fatty acids are taken apart 2 carbon
units at a time, first step is to join CoA with Acetyl CoA, hydrogen atoms and electrons are taken
to electron transport chain
Fatty acids cannot - ANS ✔✔Become glucose because pyruvate reaction to Acetyl CoA is
irreversible
Carbohydrates yield - ANS ✔✔Glucose and fat stores
Fatty acids yield - ANS ✔✔Fat stores
Glycerol yields - ANS ✔✔Glucose when carbs are present and fat stores
Proteins yield - ANS ✔✔Glucose when carbs are present and fat stores
What happens to excess protein - ANS ✔✔Stored as fat, cannot build muscle by eating excess
protein
Excess carbohydrates - ANS ✔✔Fills up glycogen stores, remainder stores as fat
In low carb diets metabolism acts similar to fasting - ANS ✔✔Body uses glycogen first,
gluconeogenesis when glycogen is depleted
