NSG 3100 EXAM 2 FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS AND SKILLS FOR
NURSING PRACTICE – GALEN ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST EDITION 2026
1. What is considered the normal blood pressure range?
a. 130-139/80-89
b. <120/<80
c. ≥140/≥90
d. <120/<60
Correct Answer: b
Expert Rationale: Normal blood pressure, according to the American
College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) 2017
guidelines, is defined as a systolic reading less than 120 mm Hg and a
diastolic reading less than 80 mm Hg. Maintaining BP within this range
reduces strain on cardiovascular structures, minimizes risk of
atherosclerosis, and decreases the likelihood of end-organ complications
like nephropathy or retinopathy. Early identification of BP deviations
enables prompt lifestyle or therapeutic interventions.
---
2. What is considered the Hypertensive Stage 1 blood pressure
range?
a. 130-139/80-89
b. 120-129/<80
c. >140/>90
d. <120/<60
Correct Answer: a
Expert Rationale: Stage 1 hypertension is diagnosed when systolic
pressure ranges from 130-139 mm Hg or diastolic from 80-89 mm Hg. This
,stage reflects pathophysiologic changes such as increased peripheral vascular
resistance and endothelial dysfunction. Early management including lifestyle
modifications (e.g., sodium restriction, increased activity) and possible
pharmacotherapy can prevent progression to more advanced hypertension
stages and associated cardiovascular morbidity.
---
3. What is considered the Hypertensive Stage 2 blood
pressure range?
a. 130-139/80-89
b. 120-129/<80
c. ≥140/≥90
d. <120/<60
Correct Answer: c c
Expert Rationale: Stage 2 hypertension is defined by systolic readings
≥140 mm Hg or diastolic ≥90 mm Hg. At this stage, vascular remodeling is
more advanced, arterial stiffness increases, and the risk of target organ
damage (heart failure, stroke, renal impairment) is significantly heightened,
warranting pharmacologic treatment alongside lifestyle changes.
---
4. What is considered the Elevated blood pressure range?
a. 130-139/80-89
b. 120-129/<80
c. ≥140/≥90
d. <120/<60
Correct Answer: b
Expert Rationale: Elevated blood pressure refers to systolic readings
, between 120-129 mm Hg with diastolic below 80 mm Hg. This subclinical
stage indicates early vascular alterations such as increased arterial stiffness
and sympathetic activation, posing increased risk for future hypertension and
cf
cardiovascular events if unchecked. Emphasis is on lifestyle modifications
before pharmacological therapy.
---
5. What is considered the hypotension blood pressure range?
cf
a. 130-139/80-89
b. 120-129/<80
c. ≥140/≥90
d. <90/<60
Correct Answer: d
Expert Rationale: Hypotension is commonly defined as systolic pressure
less than 90 mm Hg and diastolic less than 60 mm Hg. Reduction in arterial
pressure below this threshold may compromise perfusion to vital organs,
manifesting as symptoms like dizziness, syncope, and in severe cases, organ
ischemia or shock. Understanding the causative factors helps guide
treatment addressing volume status or autonomic dysfunction.
---
6. What range is considered a hypertensive crisis?
NURSING PRACTICE – GALEN ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST EDITION 2026
1. What is considered the normal blood pressure range?
a. 130-139/80-89
b. <120/<80
c. ≥140/≥90
d. <120/<60
Correct Answer: b
Expert Rationale: Normal blood pressure, according to the American
College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) 2017
guidelines, is defined as a systolic reading less than 120 mm Hg and a
diastolic reading less than 80 mm Hg. Maintaining BP within this range
reduces strain on cardiovascular structures, minimizes risk of
atherosclerosis, and decreases the likelihood of end-organ complications
like nephropathy or retinopathy. Early identification of BP deviations
enables prompt lifestyle or therapeutic interventions.
---
2. What is considered the Hypertensive Stage 1 blood pressure
range?
a. 130-139/80-89
b. 120-129/<80
c. >140/>90
d. <120/<60
Correct Answer: a
Expert Rationale: Stage 1 hypertension is diagnosed when systolic
pressure ranges from 130-139 mm Hg or diastolic from 80-89 mm Hg. This
,stage reflects pathophysiologic changes such as increased peripheral vascular
resistance and endothelial dysfunction. Early management including lifestyle
modifications (e.g., sodium restriction, increased activity) and possible
pharmacotherapy can prevent progression to more advanced hypertension
stages and associated cardiovascular morbidity.
---
3. What is considered the Hypertensive Stage 2 blood
pressure range?
a. 130-139/80-89
b. 120-129/<80
c. ≥140/≥90
d. <120/<60
Correct Answer: c c
Expert Rationale: Stage 2 hypertension is defined by systolic readings
≥140 mm Hg or diastolic ≥90 mm Hg. At this stage, vascular remodeling is
more advanced, arterial stiffness increases, and the risk of target organ
damage (heart failure, stroke, renal impairment) is significantly heightened,
warranting pharmacologic treatment alongside lifestyle changes.
---
4. What is considered the Elevated blood pressure range?
a. 130-139/80-89
b. 120-129/<80
c. ≥140/≥90
d. <120/<60
Correct Answer: b
Expert Rationale: Elevated blood pressure refers to systolic readings
, between 120-129 mm Hg with diastolic below 80 mm Hg. This subclinical
stage indicates early vascular alterations such as increased arterial stiffness
and sympathetic activation, posing increased risk for future hypertension and
cf
cardiovascular events if unchecked. Emphasis is on lifestyle modifications
before pharmacological therapy.
---
5. What is considered the hypotension blood pressure range?
cf
a. 130-139/80-89
b. 120-129/<80
c. ≥140/≥90
d. <90/<60
Correct Answer: d
Expert Rationale: Hypotension is commonly defined as systolic pressure
less than 90 mm Hg and diastolic less than 60 mm Hg. Reduction in arterial
pressure below this threshold may compromise perfusion to vital organs,
manifesting as symptoms like dizziness, syncope, and in severe cases, organ
ischemia or shock. Understanding the causative factors helps guide
treatment addressing volume status or autonomic dysfunction.
---
6. What range is considered a hypertensive crisis?
