NUR 612 MODULE 3 CHAPTER 45 |COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE
WITH 100% ACCURATE QUESTIONS &ANSWERS.
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Bartholin glands Answer: paired mucus-secreting glands located at approximately the 4 oclock
and 8 oclock positions of the vaginal introitus
- function: lubricate the vulva and veginal opening during sexual arousal
Pathophysiology of Bartholin Cyst Answer: occurs when
- duct becomes obstructed
- secretions accumulate
- fluid-filled cyst develops
- NO INFECTION is present
Clinical Findings of Bartholin Cyst Answer: - painless
- soft
- unilateral swelling
- may be asymptomatic
Clinical Findings of LARGE Bartholin Cysts Answer: - Dyspareunia
- Difficulty walking
- Pelvic discomfort
Treatment of Bartholin Cyst Answer: - observation
- Sitz baths
- Word catheter is symptomatic
What causes Bartholin Abscess? Answer: occurs when a cyst becomes INFECTED
common organisms that cause Bartholin Abscess Answer: - E. coli
- Staphylococcus
- Streptococcus
- Gonorrhea
- Chlamydia
Clinical Findings of Bartholin Abscess Answer: - extremely painful
1
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, - erythematous
- warm
- fluctuant
- fever may occur
Treatment of Bartholin Abscess Answer: - incision and drainage
- word catheter
- antibiotics when indicated
What is the most important risk factor for cervical cancer? Answer: Human Papillomavirus
(HPV)
High risk strains of HPV Answer: - HPV 16
- HPV 18
- cause approximately 70% of cervical cancers
Pathophysiology of Cervical Cancer Answer: HPV infects basal epithelial cells & transformation
zone of cervix
- HPV infection -> Cervical Dysplasia (CIN) -> High grade dysplasia -> carcinoma in situ -> invasive
cervical cancer
Transformation Zone of Cervix Answer: - squamous epithelium meets columnar epithelium
- this area undergoes frequent cellular turnover
Viral Oncoproteins for Cervical Cancer Answer: E6 protein
E7 protein
E6 Protein Answer: inactivates: p53 tumor suppressor gene
loss of p53 allows abnormal cells to survive
Normal function of P53 tumor suppressor gene Answer: - repairs damaged DNA
- initiates apoptosis
E7 Protein Answer: inactivates: retinoblastoma protein (Rb)
- loss of Rb causes excessive proliferation
Normal function of Rb tumor suppressor gene Answer: prevents uncontrolled cell division
Risk Factors for Cervical Cancer Answer: - multiple sexual partners
- early sexual activity
2
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
WITH 100% ACCURATE QUESTIONS &ANSWERS.
EXCELLENCE GUARANTEED.
Bartholin glands Answer: paired mucus-secreting glands located at approximately the 4 oclock
and 8 oclock positions of the vaginal introitus
- function: lubricate the vulva and veginal opening during sexual arousal
Pathophysiology of Bartholin Cyst Answer: occurs when
- duct becomes obstructed
- secretions accumulate
- fluid-filled cyst develops
- NO INFECTION is present
Clinical Findings of Bartholin Cyst Answer: - painless
- soft
- unilateral swelling
- may be asymptomatic
Clinical Findings of LARGE Bartholin Cysts Answer: - Dyspareunia
- Difficulty walking
- Pelvic discomfort
Treatment of Bartholin Cyst Answer: - observation
- Sitz baths
- Word catheter is symptomatic
What causes Bartholin Abscess? Answer: occurs when a cyst becomes INFECTED
common organisms that cause Bartholin Abscess Answer: - E. coli
- Staphylococcus
- Streptococcus
- Gonorrhea
- Chlamydia
Clinical Findings of Bartholin Abscess Answer: - extremely painful
1
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
, - erythematous
- warm
- fluctuant
- fever may occur
Treatment of Bartholin Abscess Answer: - incision and drainage
- word catheter
- antibiotics when indicated
What is the most important risk factor for cervical cancer? Answer: Human Papillomavirus
(HPV)
High risk strains of HPV Answer: - HPV 16
- HPV 18
- cause approximately 70% of cervical cancers
Pathophysiology of Cervical Cancer Answer: HPV infects basal epithelial cells & transformation
zone of cervix
- HPV infection -> Cervical Dysplasia (CIN) -> High grade dysplasia -> carcinoma in situ -> invasive
cervical cancer
Transformation Zone of Cervix Answer: - squamous epithelium meets columnar epithelium
- this area undergoes frequent cellular turnover
Viral Oncoproteins for Cervical Cancer Answer: E6 protein
E7 protein
E6 Protein Answer: inactivates: p53 tumor suppressor gene
loss of p53 allows abnormal cells to survive
Normal function of P53 tumor suppressor gene Answer: - repairs damaged DNA
- initiates apoptosis
E7 Protein Answer: inactivates: retinoblastoma protein (Rb)
- loss of Rb causes excessive proliferation
Normal function of Rb tumor suppressor gene Answer: prevents uncontrolled cell division
Risk Factors for Cervical Cancer Answer: - multiple sexual partners
- early sexual activity
2
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
