NSG 430/ NSG430| Final Exam GCU |
Adult Health Nursing II | Questions &
Answers with Rationale | Grade A| 100%
Correct | (NEW 2026/2027)
Question 1
A patient with hypertension is prescribed hydrochlorothiazide. Which finding would
indicate a need to notify the healthcare provider?
A) Blood pressure 128/80 mmHg
B) Potassium level 3.2 mEq/L
C) Daily weight increase of 0.5 kg
D) Urine output 1,500 mL/day
Correct ,,,answer,,,: B
Rationale: Thiazide diuretics can cause hypokalemia. A potassium level of 3.2
mEq/L is below the normal range (3.5–5.0 mEq/L) and requires intervention to
prevent cardiac arrhythmias.
Question 2
The nurse is teaching a patient with newly diagnosed hypertension about lifestyle
,modifications. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further
teaching?
A) "I will limit my sodium intake to less than 2,300 mg per day."
B) "I will try to exercise for at least 30 minutes most days of the week."
C) "I can stop taking my medication once my blood pressure is normal."
D) "I will limit my alcohol consumption to no more than two drinks per day."
Correct ,,,answer,,,: C
Rationale: Hypertension is a chronic condition requiring lifelong management.
Antihypertensive medications should not be discontinued without healthcare
provider guidance, even when blood pressure is within normal limits.
Question 3
A patient is admitted with acute decompensated heart failure. Which assessment
finding is most concerning?
A) Peripheral edema
B) Jugular venous distension
C) Crackles auscultated halfway up the lung fields
D) Weight gain of 2 kg over 3 days
Correct ,,,answer,,,: C
Rationale: Crackles (rales) auscultated halfway up the lung fields indicate
significant pulmonary congestion and fluid accumulation in the alveoli, suggesting
worsening heart failure requiring immediate intervention.
,Question 4
A patient with heart failure is prescribed furosemide. Which electrolyte imbalance
should the nurse monitor most closely?
A) Hyperkalemia
B) Hypokalemia
C) Hypermagnesemia
D) Hypercalcemia
Correct ,,,answer,,,: B
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that inhibits the Na-K-2Cl cotransporter in
the ascending loop of Henle, leading to increased potassium excretion and
hypokalemia. Potassium levels should be monitored regularly.
Question 5
Which medication is contraindicated in patients with asthma and heart problems?
A) Metoprolol
B) Atenolol
C) Propranolol
D) Carvedilol
Correct ,,,answer,,,: C
Rationale: Propranolol is a non-selective beta-blocker that blocks both beta-1
(cardiac) and beta-2 (pulmonary) receptors. Beta-2 blockade can cause
bronchospasm and is contraindicated in patients with asthma.
, Question 6
A patient with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) presents with chest pain. Which
medication should the nurse administer first?
A) Morphine
B) Nitroglycerin
C) Aspirin 300 mg (chewed)
D) Oxygen
Correct ,,,answer,,,: C
Rationale: Aspirin 300 mg chewed is a priority intervention in ACS to inhibit platelet
aggregation and prevent further clot formation. It should be administered as soon
as ACS is suspected, unless contraindicated.
Question 7
What type of murmur is characteristic of mitral valve regurgitation?
A) Systolic murmur at the apex
B) Diastolic murmur at the apex
C) Systolic murmur at the left upper sternal border
D) Diastolic murmur at the left upper sternal border
Correct ,,,answer,,,: A
Rationale: Mitral valve regurgitation produces a holosystolic, high-pitched murmur
best heard at the apex, often radiating to the axilla.
Adult Health Nursing II | Questions &
Answers with Rationale | Grade A| 100%
Correct | (NEW 2026/2027)
Question 1
A patient with hypertension is prescribed hydrochlorothiazide. Which finding would
indicate a need to notify the healthcare provider?
A) Blood pressure 128/80 mmHg
B) Potassium level 3.2 mEq/L
C) Daily weight increase of 0.5 kg
D) Urine output 1,500 mL/day
Correct ,,,answer,,,: B
Rationale: Thiazide diuretics can cause hypokalemia. A potassium level of 3.2
mEq/L is below the normal range (3.5–5.0 mEq/L) and requires intervention to
prevent cardiac arrhythmias.
Question 2
The nurse is teaching a patient with newly diagnosed hypertension about lifestyle
,modifications. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further
teaching?
A) "I will limit my sodium intake to less than 2,300 mg per day."
B) "I will try to exercise for at least 30 minutes most days of the week."
C) "I can stop taking my medication once my blood pressure is normal."
D) "I will limit my alcohol consumption to no more than two drinks per day."
Correct ,,,answer,,,: C
Rationale: Hypertension is a chronic condition requiring lifelong management.
Antihypertensive medications should not be discontinued without healthcare
provider guidance, even when blood pressure is within normal limits.
Question 3
A patient is admitted with acute decompensated heart failure. Which assessment
finding is most concerning?
A) Peripheral edema
B) Jugular venous distension
C) Crackles auscultated halfway up the lung fields
D) Weight gain of 2 kg over 3 days
Correct ,,,answer,,,: C
Rationale: Crackles (rales) auscultated halfway up the lung fields indicate
significant pulmonary congestion and fluid accumulation in the alveoli, suggesting
worsening heart failure requiring immediate intervention.
,Question 4
A patient with heart failure is prescribed furosemide. Which electrolyte imbalance
should the nurse monitor most closely?
A) Hyperkalemia
B) Hypokalemia
C) Hypermagnesemia
D) Hypercalcemia
Correct ,,,answer,,,: B
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that inhibits the Na-K-2Cl cotransporter in
the ascending loop of Henle, leading to increased potassium excretion and
hypokalemia. Potassium levels should be monitored regularly.
Question 5
Which medication is contraindicated in patients with asthma and heart problems?
A) Metoprolol
B) Atenolol
C) Propranolol
D) Carvedilol
Correct ,,,answer,,,: C
Rationale: Propranolol is a non-selective beta-blocker that blocks both beta-1
(cardiac) and beta-2 (pulmonary) receptors. Beta-2 blockade can cause
bronchospasm and is contraindicated in patients with asthma.
, Question 6
A patient with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) presents with chest pain. Which
medication should the nurse administer first?
A) Morphine
B) Nitroglycerin
C) Aspirin 300 mg (chewed)
D) Oxygen
Correct ,,,answer,,,: C
Rationale: Aspirin 300 mg chewed is a priority intervention in ACS to inhibit platelet
aggregation and prevent further clot formation. It should be administered as soon
as ACS is suspected, unless contraindicated.
Question 7
What type of murmur is characteristic of mitral valve regurgitation?
A) Systolic murmur at the apex
B) Diastolic murmur at the apex
C) Systolic murmur at the left upper sternal border
D) Diastolic murmur at the left upper sternal border
Correct ,,,answer,,,: A
Rationale: Mitral valve regurgitation produces a holosystolic, high-pitched murmur
best heard at the apex, often radiating to the axilla.
