PSY 352 STUDY GUIDE ALL QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔likelihood principle - ✔✔perception of the object that is expected to have caused the
pattern of stimuli received.
✔✔unconscious inference - ✔✔idea that some of our perceptions result from unmindful
assumptions we make about the environment.
✔✔apparent movement - ✔✔illusion of motion perception when stimuli in different
locations are flashed one after another.
✔✔principles of perceptual organization - ✔✔proposal that explains how small elements
of a scene become perceptually grouped to form larger units.
✔✔light-from-above assumption - ✔✔belief that light usually comes from a higher level.
✔✔oblique effect - ✔✔finding that vertical and horizontal orientations can be perceived
more easily than other orientations.
✔✔physical regularity - ✔✔commonly occurring property of the environment.
, ✔✔semantic regularity - ✔✔characteristic associated with the functions carried out in
different types of scenes.
✔✔Bayesian inference - ✔✔idea that estimation of the probability of an outcome is
determined by prior probability and likelihood.
✔✔likelihood - ✔✔in Bayesian inference, the extent to which the available evidence is
consistent with the outcome.
✔✔prior - ✔✔person's initial belief about the probability of an outcome.
✔✔scene schema - ✔✔person's knowledge about what is likely to be contained in a
particular setting.
✔✔theory of natural selection - ✔✔characteristics that enhance an animal's ability to
survive and reproduce will be passed on.
✔✔brain ablation - ✔✔removing part of the cerebrum
✔✔landmark discrimination problem - ✔✔task of remembering an object's location and
choosing that location after a delay.
✔✔object discrimination problem - ✔✔task of remembering something based on shape
and choosing it when presented with another item.
✔✔what pathway - ✔✔part of the brain associated with perceiving or recognizing
objects.
✔✔where pathway - ✔✔part of the brain associated with neural processing that occurs
when people locate objects in space.
✔✔dorsal pathway - ✔✔part of the brain that extends from the visual cortex in the
occipital lobe to the parietal lobe.
✔✔ventral pathway - ✔✔lower part of the brain that goes from the visual cortex in the
occipital lobe to the temporal lobe.
✔✔action pathway - ✔✔neural tract extending from the visual cortex to the parietal lobe.
✔✔perception pathway - ✔✔neural tract extending from the visual cortex to the
temporal lobe.
✔✔mirror neuron - ✔✔brain cell that responds both when an activity is observed and
when it is performed.
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔likelihood principle - ✔✔perception of the object that is expected to have caused the
pattern of stimuli received.
✔✔unconscious inference - ✔✔idea that some of our perceptions result from unmindful
assumptions we make about the environment.
✔✔apparent movement - ✔✔illusion of motion perception when stimuli in different
locations are flashed one after another.
✔✔principles of perceptual organization - ✔✔proposal that explains how small elements
of a scene become perceptually grouped to form larger units.
✔✔light-from-above assumption - ✔✔belief that light usually comes from a higher level.
✔✔oblique effect - ✔✔finding that vertical and horizontal orientations can be perceived
more easily than other orientations.
✔✔physical regularity - ✔✔commonly occurring property of the environment.
, ✔✔semantic regularity - ✔✔characteristic associated with the functions carried out in
different types of scenes.
✔✔Bayesian inference - ✔✔idea that estimation of the probability of an outcome is
determined by prior probability and likelihood.
✔✔likelihood - ✔✔in Bayesian inference, the extent to which the available evidence is
consistent with the outcome.
✔✔prior - ✔✔person's initial belief about the probability of an outcome.
✔✔scene schema - ✔✔person's knowledge about what is likely to be contained in a
particular setting.
✔✔theory of natural selection - ✔✔characteristics that enhance an animal's ability to
survive and reproduce will be passed on.
✔✔brain ablation - ✔✔removing part of the cerebrum
✔✔landmark discrimination problem - ✔✔task of remembering an object's location and
choosing that location after a delay.
✔✔object discrimination problem - ✔✔task of remembering something based on shape
and choosing it when presented with another item.
✔✔what pathway - ✔✔part of the brain associated with perceiving or recognizing
objects.
✔✔where pathway - ✔✔part of the brain associated with neural processing that occurs
when people locate objects in space.
✔✔dorsal pathway - ✔✔part of the brain that extends from the visual cortex in the
occipital lobe to the parietal lobe.
✔✔ventral pathway - ✔✔lower part of the brain that goes from the visual cortex in the
occipital lobe to the temporal lobe.
✔✔action pathway - ✔✔neural tract extending from the visual cortex to the parietal lobe.
✔✔perception pathway - ✔✔neural tract extending from the visual cortex to the
temporal lobe.
✔✔mirror neuron - ✔✔brain cell that responds both when an activity is observed and
when it is performed.
