Blood Flow Through the Heart
Deoxygenated Blood:
1. Vena cava
2. Right atrium
3. Tricuspid valve
4. Right ventricle
5. Pulmonary artery → lungs
Oxygenated Blood:
1. Pulmonary veins
2. Left atrium
3. Mitral valve
4. Left ventricle
5. Aorta → body
NCLEX Tips:
• Left side = oxygenated blood
• Right side = deoxygenated blood
Electrical Conduction System
1. SA node
2. AV node
3. Bundle of His
4. Bundle branches
5. Purkinje fibers
NCLEX Tips:
• SA node = pacemaker
• AV node delays impulse
• Ventricles contract after atria
Shock
Types:
• Hypovolemic
• Cardiogenic
• Septic
• Neurogenic
• Anaphylactic
• Obstructive
, Signs/Symptoms:
• Hypotension
• Tachycardia
• Cool pale skin
• Restlessness (early sign)
Interventions:
• IV fluids
• Blood products
• Antibiotics
• Epinephrine
• Oxygen
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
Symptoms:
• Chest pain
• Dyspnea
• Fatigue
Treatment:
• Smoking cessation
• Exercise
• Beta blockers
• Nitrates
• Low cholesterol diet
Myocardial Infarction (MI)
Symptoms:
• Chest pain
• Dyspnea
• Nausea
• Anxiety
Labs:
• Troponin ↑
• CK-MB ↑
MONA:
• Morphine
• Oxygen
• Nitroglycerin
• Aspirin