TIETZ FUNDAMENTALS OF CLINICAL
CHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR
DIAGNOSTICS EIGHTH EDITION NADER
RIFAI VERIFIED CHAPTERS ONE THROUGH
FORTY NINE COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+
⩥ 2. The study of the genetic variation between individuals in their
ability to metabolize drugs is referred to as: a. pharmacogenetics. b.
molecular diagnostics. c. clinical chemistry. d. epidemiology.
Answer: Answer: a. pharmacogenetics.
⩥ 3. When a practitioner in clinical chemistry has an inappropriate
personal relationship with a commercial supplier of medical supplies and
chemistry analyzers, there may be a potential issue with: a. publication
development. b. confidentiality. c. selection of treatment. d. conflict of
interest.
Answer: Answer: d. conflict of interest.
⩥ 4. "Molecular testing" involves the clinical analysis of: a. atoms and
molecules. b. nucleic acids. c. cellular components of blood. d. the
physical structure of compounds.
Answer: Answer: b. nucleic acids.
,⩥ 5. Which one of the following is not considered an ethical issue facing
a clinical laboratorian? a. Allocation of resources b. Conflicts of interest
c. Discussion of one's salary d. Maintenance of confidentiality
Answer: Answer: c. Discussion of one's salary.
⩥ Question
Answer: Answer
⩥ 1. The type of error that occurs when an analytical method is
nonspecific for an analyte and is actually considered to be a type of bias
is: a. systematic error. b. nonsystematic error. c. random error. d. true
error.
Answer: Answer: a. systematic error.
⩥ 2. The statistical analysis commonly applied when the results of
analytical method comparison that involves a plot of paired observations
(one from the established method and the other from the new method)
are assessed is: a. uncertainty analysis. b. traceability analysis. c.
regression analysis. d. difference analysis.
Answer: Answer: c. regression analysis.
⩥ 3. In the selection of a new method, the first step in selecting a
candidate method is the determination of: a. reliability. b. total allowable
,error. c. specifics of the assay including reagent stability. d. what is
necessary clinically from a laboratory test.
Answer: Answer: b. total allowable error.
⩥ 4. To categorize whether a systematic error is either constant or
proportional, one must assume and test for: a. randomness. b. linearity. c.
precision. d. accuracy.
Answer: Answer: b. linearity.
⩥ 5. Which one of the following, when stated as an interval around a
reported laboratory result, will specify the location of the true value with
a given probability? a. Traceability b. Coefficient of variation c.
Trueness d. Uncertainty
Answer: Answer: d. Uncertainty.
⩥ 6. The closeness of agreement between independent results or
measurements obtained under specific conditions is: a. linearity. b.
precision. c. accuracy. d. specificity.
Answer: Answer: b. precision.
⩥ 7. Analytical specificity is: a. the ability of an assay procedure to
determine the concentration of a target analyte in the presence of
interfering substances in the sample matrix. b. the detection limit of a
method. c. the ability of an analytical method to assess small variations
in the concentration of analyte. d. the analyte concentration range over
, which measurements are within the declared tolerances for imprecision
and bias of the method.
Answer: Answer: a. the ability of an assay procedure to determine the
concentration of a target analyte in the presence of interfering substances
in the sample matrix.
⩥ 8. In a regression analysis that compares results of two methods, the
y-intercept is calculated to be 2.0 and the slope is 3. This indicates a(n):
a. calibration error. b. uncertainty. c. systematic difference. d.
interference in one method.
Answer: Answer: c. systematic difference.
⩥ 9. A type of regression analysis that is used to estimate slope and
intercept and that is acceptant to outlier values in the methods and does
not require assumption of a Gaussian distribution is: a. weighted Deming
regression analysis. b. ordinary least-squares regression analysis. c.
linear regression analysis. d. nonparametric regression analysis.
Answer: Answer: a. weighted Deming regression analysis.
⩥ 10. In a method comparison analysis, the lowest value of an analyte
that significantly exceeds the measurement of a blank sample is referred
to as the: a. limit of detection of a method. b. analytical sensitivity. c.
analytical specificity. d. basic error of a method.
Answer: Answer: a. limit of detection of a method.
CHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR
DIAGNOSTICS EIGHTH EDITION NADER
RIFAI VERIFIED CHAPTERS ONE THROUGH
FORTY NINE COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+
⩥ 2. The study of the genetic variation between individuals in their
ability to metabolize drugs is referred to as: a. pharmacogenetics. b.
molecular diagnostics. c. clinical chemistry. d. epidemiology.
Answer: Answer: a. pharmacogenetics.
⩥ 3. When a practitioner in clinical chemistry has an inappropriate
personal relationship with a commercial supplier of medical supplies and
chemistry analyzers, there may be a potential issue with: a. publication
development. b. confidentiality. c. selection of treatment. d. conflict of
interest.
Answer: Answer: d. conflict of interest.
⩥ 4. "Molecular testing" involves the clinical analysis of: a. atoms and
molecules. b. nucleic acids. c. cellular components of blood. d. the
physical structure of compounds.
Answer: Answer: b. nucleic acids.
,⩥ 5. Which one of the following is not considered an ethical issue facing
a clinical laboratorian? a. Allocation of resources b. Conflicts of interest
c. Discussion of one's salary d. Maintenance of confidentiality
Answer: Answer: c. Discussion of one's salary.
⩥ Question
Answer: Answer
⩥ 1. The type of error that occurs when an analytical method is
nonspecific for an analyte and is actually considered to be a type of bias
is: a. systematic error. b. nonsystematic error. c. random error. d. true
error.
Answer: Answer: a. systematic error.
⩥ 2. The statistical analysis commonly applied when the results of
analytical method comparison that involves a plot of paired observations
(one from the established method and the other from the new method)
are assessed is: a. uncertainty analysis. b. traceability analysis. c.
regression analysis. d. difference analysis.
Answer: Answer: c. regression analysis.
⩥ 3. In the selection of a new method, the first step in selecting a
candidate method is the determination of: a. reliability. b. total allowable
,error. c. specifics of the assay including reagent stability. d. what is
necessary clinically from a laboratory test.
Answer: Answer: b. total allowable error.
⩥ 4. To categorize whether a systematic error is either constant or
proportional, one must assume and test for: a. randomness. b. linearity. c.
precision. d. accuracy.
Answer: Answer: b. linearity.
⩥ 5. Which one of the following, when stated as an interval around a
reported laboratory result, will specify the location of the true value with
a given probability? a. Traceability b. Coefficient of variation c.
Trueness d. Uncertainty
Answer: Answer: d. Uncertainty.
⩥ 6. The closeness of agreement between independent results or
measurements obtained under specific conditions is: a. linearity. b.
precision. c. accuracy. d. specificity.
Answer: Answer: b. precision.
⩥ 7. Analytical specificity is: a. the ability of an assay procedure to
determine the concentration of a target analyte in the presence of
interfering substances in the sample matrix. b. the detection limit of a
method. c. the ability of an analytical method to assess small variations
in the concentration of analyte. d. the analyte concentration range over
, which measurements are within the declared tolerances for imprecision
and bias of the method.
Answer: Answer: a. the ability of an assay procedure to determine the
concentration of a target analyte in the presence of interfering substances
in the sample matrix.
⩥ 8. In a regression analysis that compares results of two methods, the
y-intercept is calculated to be 2.0 and the slope is 3. This indicates a(n):
a. calibration error. b. uncertainty. c. systematic difference. d.
interference in one method.
Answer: Answer: c. systematic difference.
⩥ 9. A type of regression analysis that is used to estimate slope and
intercept and that is acceptant to outlier values in the methods and does
not require assumption of a Gaussian distribution is: a. weighted Deming
regression analysis. b. ordinary least-squares regression analysis. c.
linear regression analysis. d. nonparametric regression analysis.
Answer: Answer: a. weighted Deming regression analysis.
⩥ 10. In a method comparison analysis, the lowest value of an analyte
that significantly exceeds the measurement of a blank sample is referred
to as the: a. limit of detection of a method. b. analytical sensitivity. c.
analytical specificity. d. basic error of a method.
Answer: Answer: a. limit of detection of a method.
