BIO 105 CORRECT FINAL EXAMS ALL QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔hydrophobic - ✔✔describes uncharged non-polar molecules that do not interact well
with polar molecules such as water
✔✔isomers - ✔✔molecules that differ from one another even though they share the
same chemical formula
✔✔organic molecule - ✔✔any molecule containing carbon; except carbon dioxide
✔✔structural isomers - ✔✔molecules that share a chemical formula but differ in the
placement of their chemical bonds
✔✔substituted hydrocarbon - ✔✔hydrocarbon chain or ring containing an atom of
another element in place of one of the backbone carbons
✔✔cell wall - ✔✔rigid cell covering made of cellulose that protects the cell, provides
structural support, and gives shape to the cell
✔✔central vacuole - ✔✔large plant cell organelle that regulates the cell's storage
compartment, holds water, and plays a significant role in cell growth as the site of
macromolecule degradation
, ✔✔centrosome - ✔✔region in animal cells made of two centrioles
✔✔chlorphyll - ✔✔green plant pigment that captures light energy that drives the light
reactions of photosynthesis
✔✔chloroplast - ✔✔plant cell organelle that carries out photosynthesis
✔✔chromatin - ✔✔protein-DNA complex that serves as the building material of
chromosomes
✔✔chromosome - ✔✔structure within the nucleus that contains DNA, the herditary
mamterial
✔✔cilium - ✔✔plural = cilia; short hair-like structure that extends from plasma
membrane in large numbers and is used to move an entire cell or move substances
along the outer surface of the cell
✔✔cytoplasm - ✔✔entire regions between the plasma membrane and the nuclear
envelope, consisting of organelles suspended in gel-like cytosol, the cytoskeleton, and
various chemicals
✔✔cytoskeleton - ✔✔network of protein fibers that collectively maintain the shape of a
the cell, secure some organelles in specific positions, allow cytoplasm and vesicles to
move within the cell, and enable unicellular organisms to move independently
✔✔cytosol - ✔✔gel-like material of the cytoplasm in which cell structures are suspended
✔✔desmosome - ✔✔linkages between adjacent epithelial cells that form when
cadherins in the plasma membrane attach to intermediate filaments
✔✔endomembrane system - ✔✔group of organelles and membranes in eukaryotic cells
that work together modifying, packaging, and transporting lipids and proteins
✔✔endoplasmic reticulum - ✔✔series of interconnected membranous structures with
eukaryotic cells that collectively modify proteins and synthesize lipids
✔✔eukaryotic cell - ✔✔cell that has a membrane-bound nucleus and several other
membrane-bound compartments or sacs
✔✔extracellular matrix - ✔✔material (primarily collagen, glycoproteins, and
proteoglycans) secreted from animals cells that provides mechanical protection and
anchoring for the cells in the tissue
AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔hydrophobic - ✔✔describes uncharged non-polar molecules that do not interact well
with polar molecules such as water
✔✔isomers - ✔✔molecules that differ from one another even though they share the
same chemical formula
✔✔organic molecule - ✔✔any molecule containing carbon; except carbon dioxide
✔✔structural isomers - ✔✔molecules that share a chemical formula but differ in the
placement of their chemical bonds
✔✔substituted hydrocarbon - ✔✔hydrocarbon chain or ring containing an atom of
another element in place of one of the backbone carbons
✔✔cell wall - ✔✔rigid cell covering made of cellulose that protects the cell, provides
structural support, and gives shape to the cell
✔✔central vacuole - ✔✔large plant cell organelle that regulates the cell's storage
compartment, holds water, and plays a significant role in cell growth as the site of
macromolecule degradation
, ✔✔centrosome - ✔✔region in animal cells made of two centrioles
✔✔chlorphyll - ✔✔green plant pigment that captures light energy that drives the light
reactions of photosynthesis
✔✔chloroplast - ✔✔plant cell organelle that carries out photosynthesis
✔✔chromatin - ✔✔protein-DNA complex that serves as the building material of
chromosomes
✔✔chromosome - ✔✔structure within the nucleus that contains DNA, the herditary
mamterial
✔✔cilium - ✔✔plural = cilia; short hair-like structure that extends from plasma
membrane in large numbers and is used to move an entire cell or move substances
along the outer surface of the cell
✔✔cytoplasm - ✔✔entire regions between the plasma membrane and the nuclear
envelope, consisting of organelles suspended in gel-like cytosol, the cytoskeleton, and
various chemicals
✔✔cytoskeleton - ✔✔network of protein fibers that collectively maintain the shape of a
the cell, secure some organelles in specific positions, allow cytoplasm and vesicles to
move within the cell, and enable unicellular organisms to move independently
✔✔cytosol - ✔✔gel-like material of the cytoplasm in which cell structures are suspended
✔✔desmosome - ✔✔linkages between adjacent epithelial cells that form when
cadherins in the plasma membrane attach to intermediate filaments
✔✔endomembrane system - ✔✔group of organelles and membranes in eukaryotic cells
that work together modifying, packaging, and transporting lipids and proteins
✔✔endoplasmic reticulum - ✔✔series of interconnected membranous structures with
eukaryotic cells that collectively modify proteins and synthesize lipids
✔✔eukaryotic cell - ✔✔cell that has a membrane-bound nucleus and several other
membrane-bound compartments or sacs
✔✔extracellular matrix - ✔✔material (primarily collagen, glycoproteins, and
proteoglycans) secreted from animals cells that provides mechanical protection and
anchoring for the cells in the tissue
