PNB 2265 Exam 3 Questions with
Correct Answers.
1. What is the daily filtration capacity of the human renal system?
a. 50 liters per day
b. 120 liters per day
c. 180 liters per day
d. 250 liters per day
Answer: c
2. Of the total fluid processed by the kidneys, what percentage is actually discharged as
urine?
a. 10%
b. 5%
c. 1%
d. 15%
Answer: c
, 3. What are the three fundamental physiological responsibilities of the kidneys?
a. Blood pressure regulation, red blood cell production, and vitamin D synthesis
b. Metabolic waste excretion, maintaining water and electrolyte equilibrium, and
hormone production
c. Filtration, reabsorption, and secretion
d. Acid-base balance, glucose regulation, and protein synthesis
Answer: b
4. How does the osmotic concentration change from the outer to the inner layers of the
kidney?
a. From 100 mOsm/L to 300 mOsm/L
b. From 300 mOsm/L to 1200 mOsm/L
c. From 500 mOsm/L to 1500 mOsm/L
d. From 1200 mOsm/L to 300 mOsm/L
Answer: b
5. In which specific structure does the initial process of blood filtration occur?
a. Proximal convoluted tubule
b. Loop of Henle
c. Renal corpuscle
d. Distal convoluted tubule
Answer: c
6. Which part of the nephron is tasked with reclaiming the bulk (70%) of water, ions, and
essential nutrients?
a. Descending loop of Henle
, b. Proximal convoluted tubule
c. Ascending loop of Henle
d. Distal convoluted tubule
Answer: b
7. Which segment of the loop of Henle allows water to pass but remains resistant to salt
transport?
a. Ascending limb
b. Proximal convoluted tubule
c. Descending limb
d. Distal convoluted tubule
Answer: c
8. Which section of the nephron's loop prevents water from passing while allowing for
solute movement?
a. Descending limb
b. Ascending limb
c. Proximal convoluted tubule
d. Collecting duct
Answer: b
9. What type of capillaries are found in the glomerulus?
a. Continuous capillaries
b. Fenestrated capillaries
c. Sinusoidal capillaries
d. Discontinuous capillaries
Correct Answers.
1. What is the daily filtration capacity of the human renal system?
a. 50 liters per day
b. 120 liters per day
c. 180 liters per day
d. 250 liters per day
Answer: c
2. Of the total fluid processed by the kidneys, what percentage is actually discharged as
urine?
a. 10%
b. 5%
c. 1%
d. 15%
Answer: c
, 3. What are the three fundamental physiological responsibilities of the kidneys?
a. Blood pressure regulation, red blood cell production, and vitamin D synthesis
b. Metabolic waste excretion, maintaining water and electrolyte equilibrium, and
hormone production
c. Filtration, reabsorption, and secretion
d. Acid-base balance, glucose regulation, and protein synthesis
Answer: b
4. How does the osmotic concentration change from the outer to the inner layers of the
kidney?
a. From 100 mOsm/L to 300 mOsm/L
b. From 300 mOsm/L to 1200 mOsm/L
c. From 500 mOsm/L to 1500 mOsm/L
d. From 1200 mOsm/L to 300 mOsm/L
Answer: b
5. In which specific structure does the initial process of blood filtration occur?
a. Proximal convoluted tubule
b. Loop of Henle
c. Renal corpuscle
d. Distal convoluted tubule
Answer: c
6. Which part of the nephron is tasked with reclaiming the bulk (70%) of water, ions, and
essential nutrients?
a. Descending loop of Henle
, b. Proximal convoluted tubule
c. Ascending loop of Henle
d. Distal convoluted tubule
Answer: b
7. Which segment of the loop of Henle allows water to pass but remains resistant to salt
transport?
a. Ascending limb
b. Proximal convoluted tubule
c. Descending limb
d. Distal convoluted tubule
Answer: c
8. Which section of the nephron's loop prevents water from passing while allowing for
solute movement?
a. Descending limb
b. Ascending limb
c. Proximal convoluted tubule
d. Collecting duct
Answer: b
9. What type of capillaries are found in the glomerulus?
a. Continuous capillaries
b. Fenestrated capillaries
c. Sinusoidal capillaries
d. Discontinuous capillaries
