Science Medicine Surgery
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question and answer 100% correct
Students also studied
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C
Terms in this set (65)
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB) Answer: B: Diabetes is particularly likely to remit. Remission
accounts for about 80% of bariatric rates are up to 62% after 6 yr. A and D: Other comorbid
procedures in the US and is usually done conditions that tend to abate or resolve after bariatric
surgery laparoscopically. During RYGB, a small part include cardiovascular risk factors (eg,
dyslipidemia,
of the proximal stomach is detached from hypertension [A], diabetes), cardiovascular disorders,
the rest of the stomach, creating a stomach obstructive sleep apnea (D), osteoarthritis, and depression.
C: pouch of < 30 mL. Which of the following For RYGB, weight loss is 50 to 65% after 2 yr; weight loss
after preexisting conditions has been shown to RYGB is maintained for up to 10 yr. All-cause
mortality
go into remission in up to 62% of patients 6 decreases by 25%, primarily because cardiovascular
and yr after RYGB? cancer mortality is reduced.
a. Hypertension
b. Diabetes
c. Obesity
d. Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Which of the following procedures is being Answer: A: Sleeve gastrectomy; because this procedure
used increasingly in the US as definitive causes substantial and sustained weight loss, it is being used
treatment for severe obesity (eg, in patients increasingly in the US as definitive treatment for
severe
with a body mass index [BMI] > 60)? obesity. Part of the stomach is removed, creating a tubular
a.Sleeve Gastrectomy stomach passage. The procedure does not involve anatomic
b. Roux-en Y Gastric Bypass changes to the small intestine. B: Nonetheless, Roux-en-Y
c.Adjustable Gastric Banding gastric bypass surgery accounts for about 80% of bariatric
d.Vertical Banded Gastroplasty procedures in the US. C: Use of adjustable gastric banding has
dramatically decreased in the US. D: Vertical banded
gastroplasty is no longer commonly done because
complication rates are high and the resulting weight loss is
insufficient.
,Contraindications to bariatric surgery Answer: B: Current drug or alcohol abuse. A: The use of
include which of the following? bariatric surgery is controversial in patients with a BMI < 30. C
a.Body mass index (BMI) < 30 kg/m2 and D: To qualify for bariatric surgery, patients should have a
b.Current drug or alcohol abuse BMI of > 40 or a BMI of > 35 plus a serious complication (eg,
c. Obstructive sleep apnea diabetes, hypertension, obstructive sleep apnea [C], high-risk
d. High-risk lipid profile lipid profile [D]).
Bariatric Surgery Key Points Consider weight loss surgery if patients are motivated, have
not succeeded using nonsurgical treatments, and have a BMI
of > 40 kg/m2 or a BMI of > 35 kg/m2 plus a serious
complication (eg, diabetes, hypertension, obstructive sleep
apnea, high-risk lipid profile) or a BMI of 30 to 34.9 with type 2
diabetes and inadequate glycemic control despite optimal
lifestyle and medical therapy.
Weight loss surgery is contraindicated if patients have an
uncontrolled psychiatric disorder (eg, major depression), drug
or alcohol abuse, cancer that is not in remission, or
another life-threatening disorder or if they cannot comply
with nutritional requirements (including life-long vitamin
replacement when indicated).
The most common procedures are sleeve gastrectomy and
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass; use of adjustable gastric banding
has decreased dramatically in the US.
Monitor patients regularly after surgery for maintenance of
weight loss, resolution of weight-related comorbid disorders,
and complications of surgery (eg, nutritional deficiencies,
metabolic bone disease, gout, cholelithiasis, nephrolithiasis,
depression, alcohol abuse).
Which of the following increases the risk of Answer: B: Excess abdominal fat. Complications, including
cardiovascular disorders in patients with coronary artery disease, are more likely in patients with
fat obesity? that is concentrated abdominally. Choices A, C, and D do not
a.Osteoporosis increase the risk of cardiovascular disorders in patients with
b. Excess abdominal fat obesity.
c. Psychological disorders
d. Gastric Ulcer
What is the role of ghrelin in food intake- Answer: A: Ghrelin, secreted primarily by the stomach,
regulating pathways? increases food intake. B, C, and D: Other hormones
and
a.It increases food intake. regulatory substances have these effects.
b. It decreases food intake.
c. Level decreases when weight is lost.
d. It integrates energy balance signals.
, Which type of exercise is MOST effective for Answer: B: Resistance (strengthening) exercises are the most
increasing BMR? effective way to increase BMR. Resistance exercises increase
a.Aerobic exercise muscle mass. Because muscle tissue burns more calories at
b. Resistance exercise rest than does fat tissue, increasing muscle mass
c. Balancing exercise produces lasting increases in BMR. Choices A, C, and D
d. Flexibility exercise can also be effective in a weight management program. A
combination of aerobic and resistance exercise is better
than either alone, particularly when patients choose
activities they enjoy.
Obesity Key Points Obesity increases the risk of many common health problems
and causes up to 300,000 premature deaths each year in the
US, making it second only to cigarette smoking as a
preventable cause of death.
Excess caloric intake and too little physical activity contribute
the most to obesity, but genetic susceptibility and various
disorders (including eating disorders) may also contribute.
Screen patients using BMI and waist circumference and,
when body composition analysis is indicated, by measuring
skinfold thickness or using bioelectrical impedance
analysis.
Screen obese patients for common comorbid disorders, such
as obstructive sleep apnea, diabetes, dyslipidemia,
hypertension, fatty liver, and depression.
Encourage patients to lose even 5 to 10% of body weight by
changing their diet, increasing physical activity, and using
behavioral interventions if possible.
Try treating patients with orlistat, phentermine,
phentermine/topiramate, naltrexone/bupropion, liraglutide, or
semaglutide if BMI is ≥ 30 or if BMI is ≥ 27 and they
have complications (eg, hypertension, insulin resistance);
however, for severe obesity, surgery is most effective.
Encourage all patients to exercise, to eat healthily, to get
enough sleep, and to manage stress.
Screening for metabolic syndrome is Answer: B: Lipid profile. Fasting plasma glucose should also
important. A family history plus be measured.
measurement of waist circumference and BP
are part of routine care. If patients have a
family history of type 2 diabetes, particularly
those ≥ 40 yr, and have a large waist
circumference, laboratory tests are done
to evaluate which of the following?
a.Serum uric acid
b. Lipid profile
c. Kidney function
d. Liver function
Review Questions to practice for CSOWM exam with
question and answer 100% correct
Students also studied
Flashcard sets Study guides
C
Terms in this set (65)
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB) Answer: B: Diabetes is particularly likely to remit. Remission
accounts for about 80% of bariatric rates are up to 62% after 6 yr. A and D: Other comorbid
procedures in the US and is usually done conditions that tend to abate or resolve after bariatric
surgery laparoscopically. During RYGB, a small part include cardiovascular risk factors (eg,
dyslipidemia,
of the proximal stomach is detached from hypertension [A], diabetes), cardiovascular disorders,
the rest of the stomach, creating a stomach obstructive sleep apnea (D), osteoarthritis, and depression.
C: pouch of < 30 mL. Which of the following For RYGB, weight loss is 50 to 65% after 2 yr; weight loss
after preexisting conditions has been shown to RYGB is maintained for up to 10 yr. All-cause
mortality
go into remission in up to 62% of patients 6 decreases by 25%, primarily because cardiovascular
and yr after RYGB? cancer mortality is reduced.
a. Hypertension
b. Diabetes
c. Obesity
d. Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Which of the following procedures is being Answer: A: Sleeve gastrectomy; because this procedure
used increasingly in the US as definitive causes substantial and sustained weight loss, it is being used
treatment for severe obesity (eg, in patients increasingly in the US as definitive treatment for
severe
with a body mass index [BMI] > 60)? obesity. Part of the stomach is removed, creating a tubular
a.Sleeve Gastrectomy stomach passage. The procedure does not involve anatomic
b. Roux-en Y Gastric Bypass changes to the small intestine. B: Nonetheless, Roux-en-Y
c.Adjustable Gastric Banding gastric bypass surgery accounts for about 80% of bariatric
d.Vertical Banded Gastroplasty procedures in the US. C: Use of adjustable gastric banding has
dramatically decreased in the US. D: Vertical banded
gastroplasty is no longer commonly done because
complication rates are high and the resulting weight loss is
insufficient.
,Contraindications to bariatric surgery Answer: B: Current drug or alcohol abuse. A: The use of
include which of the following? bariatric surgery is controversial in patients with a BMI < 30. C
a.Body mass index (BMI) < 30 kg/m2 and D: To qualify for bariatric surgery, patients should have a
b.Current drug or alcohol abuse BMI of > 40 or a BMI of > 35 plus a serious complication (eg,
c. Obstructive sleep apnea diabetes, hypertension, obstructive sleep apnea [C], high-risk
d. High-risk lipid profile lipid profile [D]).
Bariatric Surgery Key Points Consider weight loss surgery if patients are motivated, have
not succeeded using nonsurgical treatments, and have a BMI
of > 40 kg/m2 or a BMI of > 35 kg/m2 plus a serious
complication (eg, diabetes, hypertension, obstructive sleep
apnea, high-risk lipid profile) or a BMI of 30 to 34.9 with type 2
diabetes and inadequate glycemic control despite optimal
lifestyle and medical therapy.
Weight loss surgery is contraindicated if patients have an
uncontrolled psychiatric disorder (eg, major depression), drug
or alcohol abuse, cancer that is not in remission, or
another life-threatening disorder or if they cannot comply
with nutritional requirements (including life-long vitamin
replacement when indicated).
The most common procedures are sleeve gastrectomy and
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass; use of adjustable gastric banding
has decreased dramatically in the US.
Monitor patients regularly after surgery for maintenance of
weight loss, resolution of weight-related comorbid disorders,
and complications of surgery (eg, nutritional deficiencies,
metabolic bone disease, gout, cholelithiasis, nephrolithiasis,
depression, alcohol abuse).
Which of the following increases the risk of Answer: B: Excess abdominal fat. Complications, including
cardiovascular disorders in patients with coronary artery disease, are more likely in patients with
fat obesity? that is concentrated abdominally. Choices A, C, and D do not
a.Osteoporosis increase the risk of cardiovascular disorders in patients with
b. Excess abdominal fat obesity.
c. Psychological disorders
d. Gastric Ulcer
What is the role of ghrelin in food intake- Answer: A: Ghrelin, secreted primarily by the stomach,
regulating pathways? increases food intake. B, C, and D: Other hormones
and
a.It increases food intake. regulatory substances have these effects.
b. It decreases food intake.
c. Level decreases when weight is lost.
d. It integrates energy balance signals.
, Which type of exercise is MOST effective for Answer: B: Resistance (strengthening) exercises are the most
increasing BMR? effective way to increase BMR. Resistance exercises increase
a.Aerobic exercise muscle mass. Because muscle tissue burns more calories at
b. Resistance exercise rest than does fat tissue, increasing muscle mass
c. Balancing exercise produces lasting increases in BMR. Choices A, C, and D
d. Flexibility exercise can also be effective in a weight management program. A
combination of aerobic and resistance exercise is better
than either alone, particularly when patients choose
activities they enjoy.
Obesity Key Points Obesity increases the risk of many common health problems
and causes up to 300,000 premature deaths each year in the
US, making it second only to cigarette smoking as a
preventable cause of death.
Excess caloric intake and too little physical activity contribute
the most to obesity, but genetic susceptibility and various
disorders (including eating disorders) may also contribute.
Screen patients using BMI and waist circumference and,
when body composition analysis is indicated, by measuring
skinfold thickness or using bioelectrical impedance
analysis.
Screen obese patients for common comorbid disorders, such
as obstructive sleep apnea, diabetes, dyslipidemia,
hypertension, fatty liver, and depression.
Encourage patients to lose even 5 to 10% of body weight by
changing their diet, increasing physical activity, and using
behavioral interventions if possible.
Try treating patients with orlistat, phentermine,
phentermine/topiramate, naltrexone/bupropion, liraglutide, or
semaglutide if BMI is ≥ 30 or if BMI is ≥ 27 and they
have complications (eg, hypertension, insulin resistance);
however, for severe obesity, surgery is most effective.
Encourage all patients to exercise, to eat healthily, to get
enough sleep, and to manage stress.
Screening for metabolic syndrome is Answer: B: Lipid profile. Fasting plasma glucose should also
important. A family history plus be measured.
measurement of waist circumference and BP
are part of routine care. If patients have a
family history of type 2 diabetes, particularly
those ≥ 40 yr, and have a large waist
circumference, laboratory tests are done
to evaluate which of the following?
a.Serum uric acid
b. Lipid profile
c. Kidney function
d. Liver function
