PSYC 111 Final Exam Questions With Correct Answers

PSYC 111 Final Exam Questions With
Correct Answers

Psychology - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The scientific study of the mind,
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brain, and behavior.
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Multiply Determined - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-There is more than one
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influence; hard to isolate one specific factor.
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Individual Differences - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Variations among people
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|in their thinking, emotion, personality, and behavior.
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Naive Realism - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The belief that we see the world
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exactly how it is. "Seeing is believing"
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Empiricism - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The idea that predictions should
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first be based off of observations.
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Confirmation Bias - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The tendency to seek out
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evidence that supports our hypotheses, and deny, dismiss, or distort
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evidence that disproves them.
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,Belief Perseverance - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The tendency to stick to
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our initial beliefs even when evidence contradicts them.
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Structuralism - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Scientific Goal: To identify basic
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elements of experience. Left legacy of systematic observation.
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Functionalism - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Scientific Goal: To understand
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the functions of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors - concerned with the
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brain's software. |




Behaviorism - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Scientific Goal: To uncover the
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general principles of learning. Left legacy of objective research - focused
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on observable behavior.
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Cognitivism - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Scientific Goal: To examine the role
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of mental processes on behavior. Influential on language, problem-
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solving, concept formation, intelligence, memory, psychotherapy.
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Psychoanalysis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Scientific Goal: To uncover the
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role of unconscious psychological processes and early life experiences
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on behavior. Left legacy that mental processes often go on outside of
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conscious awareness. |

,Psuedoscience - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-A set of claims that seem | | | | | | | | |



scientific but aren't. | |




Ad Hoc Immunizing Hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-A loophole that
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prevents a theory from being falsified.
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Patternicity - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Our tendency to detect meaningful
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patterns in random stimuli.
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Scientific Skepticism - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Approaching things with
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an open mind, and insisting on adequate evidence before accepting a
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claim.


Ruling out Rival Hypotheses, Correlation vs. Causation, Falsifiability,
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Replicability, Extraordinary Claims/Extraordinary Evidence, Occam's
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Razor - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Scientific Thinking (6 Principles).
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External Validity - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The extent that our findings
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can generalize the real world.
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Internal Validity - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The extent to which we can
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draw cause and effect inferences.
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, Naturalistic Observations - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Observe behaviors
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that may not be shown in the lab; high in EV, low in IV.
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Case Study Designs - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Researchers examine one
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person/small group in depth over a long period of time; low in IV.
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Self-Reports/Surveys - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Administer a | | | | |



questionnaire to a random sample, measure the reliability and validity;
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low in IV.
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Test-Retest Reliability - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-The stability of a
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measurement over time. | |




Interrater Reliability - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Two people are asked to
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rate a third person - if results are consistent, rating is high in ________.
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Convergent Validity - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Is measure similar to things
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that it should be similar to?
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Discriminant Validity - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Does the measure NOT
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measure what it's NOT supposed to?
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Correlational Designs - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Examines the extent to
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which two variables are associated statistically; low in IV.
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