Pn Fundamentals Of Nursing Evolve Hesi Real Exams Questions Review Latest | Evolve Lpn Hesi Fundamentals Complete Questions With 100% Verified Answers

PN FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING EVOLVE HESI REAL EXAMS QUESTIONS REVIEW LATEST | EVOLVE LPN HESI FUNDAMENTALS COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS 1. The practical nurse (PN) is preparing to insert a urinary catheter for a female client. Which action is most important to prevent a healthcare-associated infection? a. Use sterile gloves and a sterile field. b. Lubricate the catheter tip generously. c. Secure the catheter to the client's thigh. d. Ensure the drainage bag is below the level of the bladder. - ANSWER-a. Use sterile gloves and a sterile field. RATIONALE: The most important action to prevent a catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) is to maintain surgical asepsis during insertion. Sterile gloves and a sterile field prevent the introduction of microorganisms into the urinary tract. Lubrication, securing, and bag placement are important for comfort and function but are not the primary infection prevention measures. 2. The practical nurse (PN) is reinforcing teaching with a client prescribed a low-potassium diet. Which food choice by the client indicates an understanding of the dietary restriction? a. A banana. b. A baked potato with skin. c. A serving of cooked broccoli. d. A slice of watermelon. - ANSWER-d. A slice of watermelon. RATIONALE: Watermelon is relatively low in potassium compared to bananas, baked potatoes, and broccoli, which are all high-potassium foods. This selection demonstrates the client's understanding of the need to avoid high-potassium items. 3. The practical nurse (PN) is caring for a client who is two days post-operative from abdominal surgery. The client reports a sudden onset of sharp chest pain and difficulty breathing. What is the PN's priority action? a. Administer the prescribed PRN pain medication. b. Encourage the client to take deep breaths and cough. c. Assist the client to a high Fowler's position and apply oxygen. d. Document the client's complaint in the medical record. - ANSWER-c. Assist the client to a high Fowler's position and apply oxygen. RATIONALE: The client is exhibiting signs of a potential pulmonary embolism. The priority is to support breathing and oxygenation. High Fowler's position maximizes lung expansion, and oxygen is indicated. Pain medication and documentation are secondary, and coughing may worsen the condition if a clot is present. 4. The practical nurse (PN) is caring for a client on contact precautions for Clostridium difficile. Which action is essential when providing care? a. Wear an N95 respirator. b. Place the client in a negative pressure room. c. Don gloves and a gown before entering the room. d. Keep the client's door closed at all times. - ANSWER-c. Don gloves and a gown before entering the room. RATIONALE: Contact precautions require gloves and a gown for all interactions with the client or the environment to prevent transmission of organisms like C. difficile. N95 respirators and negative pressure are for airborne precautions, and door closure is for droplet/airborne. 5. The practical nurse (PN) is measuring a client's blood pressure and notes the systolic pressure is 140 mmHg and the diastolic is 90 mmHg. The client asks what this means. Which response is most accurate? a. "Your blood pressure is within the normal range." b. "This reading indicates you have stage 1 hypertension." c. "You have low blood pressure that needs immediate attention." d. "This is considered elevated blood pressure, but not hypertension." - ANSWER-b. "This reading indicates you have stage 1 hypertension." RATIONALE: According to current guidelines, a blood pressure of 140/90 mmHg or higher is classified as stage 1 hypertension. It is not normal, not low, and not merely elevated (which is 120-129/80). 6. The practical nurse (PN) is assisting a client with a sterile dressing change. The PN drops a sterile gauze pad onto the client's bedside table. What should the PN do? a. Use the gauze pad since it is still sterile. b. Pick it up and place it back on the sterile field. c. Discard the gauze pad and obtain a new one. d. Wipe the gauze pad with alcohol and then use it. - ANSWER-c. Discard the gauze pad and obtain a new one. RATIONALE: Any item that falls outside the sterile field or touches a non-sterile surface is considered contaminated and must be discarded. Using it or wiping it with alcohol does not restore sterility. 7. The practical nurse (PN) is reviewing a client's laboratory results. Which potassium level should the PN report to the registered nurse (RN) immediately? a. 3.8 mEq/L. b. 4.2 mEq/L. c. 5.1 mEq/L. d. 6.0 mEq/L. - ANSWER-d. 6.0 mEq/L. RATIONALE: The normal serum potassium range is 3.5-5.0 mEq/L. A level of 6.0 mEq/L is critically high (hyperkalemia) and can lead to life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias, requiring immediate notification of the RN. 8. The practical nurse (PN) is preparing to administer an oral medication to a client who has difficulty swallowing. Which action should the PN take? a. Crush the medication and mix it with applesauce. b. Hold the medication and notify the RN. c. Ask the pharmacist for a liquid formulation. d. Check the medication administration record for an alternative route. - ANSWER-d. Check the medication administration record for an alternative route. RATIONALE: The PN should first check if the medication is available in a liquid or alternative form or if it is safe to crush. Not all medications can be crushed (e.g., enteric-coated or extended-release), so checking the MAR or pharmacy is necessary before proceeding. 9. The practical nurse (PN) is caring for a client with a nasogastric (NG) tube attached to low intermittent suction. Which finding indicates the