Class 10 Science — Chapter 5
Life Processes (Complete Ultra-Detailed Revision Notes)
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SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION TO LIFE PROCESSES (PAGE 1)
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* What are Life Processes?
- All the basic and essential functions performed by a living organism to maintain its life on
Earth and repair its body cells are called Life Processes.
- Think of it like a car: just as a car needs fuel, an engine, and regular servicing to run
smoothly, our body needs specific systems to survive.
- There are 4 fundamental Life Processes:
1. Nutrition: Taking in food and converting it into energy.
2. Respiration: Breaking down food using oxygen to release energy.
3. Transportation: Moving oxygen, food, and waste materials across the body.
4. Excretion: Removing poisonous waste products out of the body.
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SECTION 2: NUTRITION & PHOTOSYNTHESIS (PAGE 2)
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* Nutrition:
- The process of taking in food (nutrients) and utilizing it for growth, repair, and energy.
* Modes of Nutrition:
1. Autotrophic Nutrition:
- The process where organisms prepare their own food from simple inorganic materials
(like CO2 and water) using sunlight.
- Example: Green plants and some bacteria.
- Photosynthesis: The process by which green plants make food (glucose) in the
presence of sunlight and chlorophyll.
- Chemical Equation: 6CO2 + 6H2O + Sunlight + Chlorophyll → C6H12O6 + 6O2
- Three Major Steps of Photosynthesis:
a) Absorption of light energy by chlorophyll.
b) Conversion of light energy into chemical energy and splitting of water molecules into
hydrogen and oxygen.
c) Reduction of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) into Carbohydrates (Glucose).
* Stomata:
- Tiny pores present on the surface of leaves.
- Functions: Massive amounts of gaseous exchange take place through these pores for
photosynthesis, and large amounts of water can be lost through them (Transpiration).
- Guard Cells: Cells that control the opening and closing of stomatal pores by swelling
(opening) or shrinking (closing).
Life Processes (Complete Ultra-Detailed Revision Notes)
==================================================
==================================================
SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION TO LIFE PROCESSES (PAGE 1)
==================================================
==================================================
* What are Life Processes?
- All the basic and essential functions performed by a living organism to maintain its life on
Earth and repair its body cells are called Life Processes.
- Think of it like a car: just as a car needs fuel, an engine, and regular servicing to run
smoothly, our body needs specific systems to survive.
- There are 4 fundamental Life Processes:
1. Nutrition: Taking in food and converting it into energy.
2. Respiration: Breaking down food using oxygen to release energy.
3. Transportation: Moving oxygen, food, and waste materials across the body.
4. Excretion: Removing poisonous waste products out of the body.
==================================================
SECTION 2: NUTRITION & PHOTOSYNTHESIS (PAGE 2)
==================================================
* Nutrition:
- The process of taking in food (nutrients) and utilizing it for growth, repair, and energy.
* Modes of Nutrition:
1. Autotrophic Nutrition:
- The process where organisms prepare their own food from simple inorganic materials
(like CO2 and water) using sunlight.
- Example: Green plants and some bacteria.
- Photosynthesis: The process by which green plants make food (glucose) in the
presence of sunlight and chlorophyll.
- Chemical Equation: 6CO2 + 6H2O + Sunlight + Chlorophyll → C6H12O6 + 6O2
- Three Major Steps of Photosynthesis:
a) Absorption of light energy by chlorophyll.
b) Conversion of light energy into chemical energy and splitting of water molecules into
hydrogen and oxygen.
c) Reduction of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) into Carbohydrates (Glucose).
* Stomata:
- Tiny pores present on the surface of leaves.
- Functions: Massive amounts of gaseous exchange take place through these pores for
photosynthesis, and large amounts of water can be lost through them (Transpiration).
- Guard Cells: Cells that control the opening and closing of stomatal pores by swelling
(opening) or shrinking (closing).
